This book provides an important new analytical framework for making sense of return, remigration and circular mobility, conceptualising them as different phases of a wider migration process. Using an ...in-depth case study of Albania and its two main destination countries, Italy and Greece, the book demonstrates that instead of being viewed as a linear path between origin and destination, migration should be seen as a segmented, or cyclical pattern that may involve several localities and more than two countries. Characterised by important previous historical, social, economic and political linkages, geographical proximity but also high migration volatility and sustained flows in either directions, Albanian migration to Italy and Greece offers an optimal case study for analysing complex return, reintegration and mobility processes. While interesting as a unique regional migration system, the lessons learned cast light on important migration and mobility dynamics that are relevant for labour migration in Europe, also from other important migrant origin countries in the EU’s neighbourhood such as for instance Morocco or the Ukraine. This rich theoretical and empirical study will be of interest to researchers within European Studies and Migration Studies, as well as providing a useful contribution to policy debates on how to govern return migration, reintegration and circular migration.
U ovom članku izložen je ažurirani popis slatkovodnih riba u Albaniji za svaki podsliv. Prikazani podaci o rasprostranjenosti i popisi taksona temelje se na pregledu literature do listopada 2022. i ...intenzivnom terenskom radu u posljednjih 15 godina. Prikazani su podaci o distribuciji 101 vrste riba (koje potječu iz 25 porodica) iz 11 različitih podslivova. Postoje novi zapisi koji uključuju domaće, strane i translocirane vrste riba. Osobitost albanskih slatkovodnih riba je istaknuta pri definiranju specifične ihtiološke regije za cijelu balkansku regiju. Fauna slatkovodnih riba Albanije predstavlja posebnu vrijednost nacionalne baštine, posebice zbog svoje raznolikosti i visokog stupnja endemičnosti. To je uglavnom zbog složenih geoloških i klimatskih uvjeta i položaja između Jadranskog i Jonskog mora na zapadu i kontinentalnih područja Balkana s druge strane, što je omogućilo različite kolonizacije izvan područja i duga razdoblja specijacije. Jedanaest hidrografskih bazenskih jedinica analizirano je u pogledu sastava vrsta, evolucijskih obrazaca i ekoloških značajki. Ovim pregledom broj albanskih slatkovodnih riba iznosi 101, s 20 vrsta dodanih iz prethodnog popisa iz 1995. godine i nekoliko vrsta izbrisanih zbog taksonomskih promjena.
During the Early Modern Period and especially the Venetian-Ottoman wars in the 17th and 18th centuries, the axis of the Venetian land army across the Adriatic were the troops known as Fanti ...oltramarini and Croati a cavallo (Cavalleria Croati). They were primarily manned with soldiers and officers originating from the Venetian lands, from Istria to Albania and Greece, but there were also many soldiers from other areas, mostly those bordering on the Venetian territories. This paper focuses on the soldiers from Venetian Albania (Albania Veneta) and their role in these troops. It is based on an analysis of original documents preserved at the Archivio di Stato di Venezia, more precisely the collection of Inquisitori sopra l’amministrazione dei pubblici ruoli – a magistracy in charge of recruiting soldiers and sending them to the wider area controlled by Venice, from Veneto to Greece. The documents include lists of officers, commanders, and common soldiers, made at regular intervals during the recruitment or supervision of troops. At this stage of research, 75 Albanian soldiers have been identified in the Venetian infantry and cavalry during the 18th century.
The sources refer to them as d’Albania or Albanese, only rarely mentioning their exact place of origin. Albanians were present in infantry and cavalry throughout the 18th century (especially its first half) and mostly served in infantry troops.
Abstract Objective Our aim was to assess the level and socio-demographic correlates of the ability to maintain health among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans. ...Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Albania in September 2022. The study population consisted of a nationwide representative sample of 7,831 schoolchildren (≈54% girls) aged 12–15 years. A structured self-administered and anonymous questionnaire inquired about the children’s attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) and a range of key dimensions on knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. Socio-demographic data were also collected. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the socio-demographic correlates of children’s ability to maintain health. Results Overall, about 71% of schoolchildren exhibited the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). In the multivariable adjusted logistic regression models, poorer attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health) were significantly related to older age (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.0–1.3), middle/low maternal education (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1–1.3), poor/very poor economic situation (OR=1.5, 95%CI=1.2–1.8), lack of appropriate knowledge about rights to healthcare (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.1–1.5), lack of knowledge about obtaining healthcare services (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.4–2.2), and lack of consultations/visits with health professionals excluding vaccinations (OR=1.2, 95%CI=1.1–1.4). Conclusions Almost 1/3 rd of Albanian schoolchildren included in this study did not exhibit the best attitudes toward health promotion (ability to maintain and improve health). The best attitudes were related to a higher socioeconomic level and adequate knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. There is thus a need to increase health literacy levels among children in order to ultimately induce sustainable healthy behavioural/lifestyle practices.
The struggle of the Albanian people led by George Castriota Scanderbeg to defend Europe against the assault of the Ottoman Turks has been much celebrated. For a quarter of a century, from 1443 until ...his death in 1468, he used his military prowess to thwart the efforts of the most powerful Empire in the world at the time to subdue his tiny country.One of the true heroes of the Middle Ages in Europe, unfortunately the remarkable story of Scanderbeg remains little known outside of Albania. George Castriota defended Europe for a quarter of a century and, it can rightly be said, helped to save Western civilization from being overrun by Islam and suffering the same fate as the once mighty Byzantine Empire. This book examines the genius and remarkable achievements of Scanderbeg who helped shape the identity of the Albanian people and reveals the important contribution this small but proud nation has made to European civilization.Although the challenges have changed over the centuries, the clash of civilizations, which the history of the Albanian struggle to fend off the Islamic onslaught illustrates, continues today. As a result, it is all the more worth noting the contribution that this tiny land, led by Scanderbeg, made in the fight to preserve Western culture and civilization. Equally important is the example set by the Albanian people in ultimately harmonizing these two great civilizations.A.K. Brackob has a Ph.D. in history from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is a specialist on the history of southeastern Europe during the Middle Ages and author of Mircea the Old: Father of Wallachia, Grandfather of Dracula.
Južni Jadran 1918.: slučaj Albanije Drançolli Ramadani, Albina
Časopis za suvremenu povijest,
07/2022, Letnik:
54, Številka:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
During World War I, the Southern Adriatic, including the Albanian coast, witnessed a series of naval battles between the Allies and the Central Powers. Two pre-war Adriatic powers hastened to occupy ...two of the most important Albanian ports during the war: Italy occupied Vlorë, placing the Otranto Strait under Italian control, and Austria-Hungary occupied Durrës, from where the Central Powers attacked the Allies’ ships in the Mediterranean. Although the Central Powers held a superior position in the Adriatic at the beginning of the war, from 1916 the balance of forces started to change, and in spring 1918 the Allies were in a superior position. Major developments in the war, which was coming to an end, influenced the situation in the Southern Adriatic as well, and therefore the Great Powers became more attentive towards this part of the Balkans. In addition, they organised offensives and counter-offensives, such as those in April, in summer, and in October, the results of which showed the significance of Albanian ports in the war. They revealed the geostrategic importance of Vlorë, the possession or loss of which would change the naval situation in Adriatic. On the other hand, Durrës was not only an Austro-Hungarian naval base during the war, but also became a key port that the Central Powers relied on for supplies after the fall of Bulgaria. Therefore, the naval operation of Entente Powers in Durrës on 2 October 1918 and their victory was a step closer to the collapse of Austria-Hungary. The immediate reaction of Italy was to occupy two important ports in Albania, Durrës and Shëngjin.
The vegetation of Buna River Protected Landscape is described. The area comprises both the alluvial plain of the lower course of the Buna river that marks the boundary between Montenegro and Albania, ...and a carbonatic range. The vegetation is characterized by a high β-diversity (27 alliances and 46 associations), especially in wetlands and dry grasslands. In the area it is possible to distinguish 1 dunal and 4 hygro-sequences in the alluvial plain and 3 xeroseries in the carbonatic range. Associations Clematido viticellae-Punicetum granati and Periploco graecae-Alnetum glutinosae are described as new.
V članku je opisana vegetacija v zavarovanega območja ob reki Buna. Območje obsega aluvialno ravnino ob spodnjem teku reke Buna, ki predstavlja mejo med Črno goro in Albanijo in karbonatnim hribovjem. Za vegetacijo je značilna visoka β diverziteta (27 zvez in 46 asociacij), še posebej pa mokrišča in suha travišča. V območju smo izločili 1 sekvenco na sipinah, 4 higro sekvence na aluvialni ravnici in 3 ksero serije na karbonatnem masivu. Asociaciji Clematido viticellae-Punicetum granati in Periploco graecae-Alnetum glutinosae sta novo opisani.
Abstract
Background
Colorectal polyps (CP) are common among individuals older than 50 years. Some polyp types can precede colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed at describing histopathological ...characteristics of colorectal polyps in relation to age and gender among symptomatic patients referred for a colonoscopy examination during 2011-2014 in Tirana, Albania.
Methods
Study population included 267 individuals aged ≥ 20 years and diagnosed with ≥ 1 polyp during a colonoscopy examination. A total of 346 polyps were identified, excised and measured, and underwent histopathological examination.
Results
Adenomas accounted for 79.8% of all polyps and tubular type was the most frequent one (74.4%). The majority of polyps (42.5%) were small (<1 cm), 38.7% of a medium size (1-2 cm) and 18.8% large (>2 cm). Adenomas were larger than non-adenomatous polyps (p<0.01)
There was no gender difference with regard to patient age (p=0.22) or polyp size (p=0.84) Adenomas were more frequent among men compared to women (p=0.02). Age was strongly related to polyp characteristics. The proportion of adenomas increased significantly with age (p<0.01). Within adenomas, the proportion of villous types - a precursor of colorectal cancer - increased remarkably with age (p=0.01). Older age was positively associated with potentially malignant adenomas (defined as adenomas > 1 cm and showing high-grade dysplasia) (p<0.01).
Conclusion
Adenomas accounted for the majority of polyps. Their morphology, size and malignant potential were related to patient age.
The paper aims to describe the progress that has been made in the implementation of the Albanian food and nutrition policy since 2003, so as to consider its impacts to date, and to identify strategic ...priorities/critical areas and priorities for Albania's future policy on improving the national food and nutrition situation.
In 2011-2012, an expert group applied an intersectoral participatory approach to evaluate the implementation of Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2003-08 in Albania. The experts employed the quantitative method, using a 9 question logical assessment matrix to measure the achievements of the individual goals of the Plan, and a qualitative tool for the interview of an interdisciplinary sample of 68-key informants-persons operating in public health nutrition, food safety and food availability related subfields, from a wide range of pertinent institutions and stakeholders.
The quantitative and qualitative assessment revealed that the implementation process has faced serious barriers linked to the design of the plan, which did not accurately anticipate a theoretical framework, or structured methods for its implementation. Other impeding factors included the lack of institutional/infrastructure support, lack of intersectoral coordination and motivation, as well as insufficient capacities and know-how. Intersectoral response to the multifaceted nature of double burden of malnutrition is of key importance to improve nutritional wellbeing and health outcomes in Albania.
Participatory approaches that involve all relevant sectors and actors in the development, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of public health policies based on comprehensive action-oriented assessments are promising and should be further supported.
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