Minimization of Sewage Network Overflow Joseph-Duran, Bernat; Jung, Michael N.; Ocampo-Martinez, Carlos ...
Water resources management,
2014/1, Letnik:
28, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Publication
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We are interested in the optimal control of sewage networks. It is of high public interest to minimize the overflow of sewage onto the streets and to the natural environment that may occur during ...periods of heavy rain. The assumption of linear flow in a discrete time setting has proven to be adequate for the practical control of larger systems. However, the possibility of overflow introduces a nonlinear and nondifferentiable element to the formulation, by means of a maximum of linear terms. This particular challenge can be addressed by smoothing methods that result in a
nonlinear program
(NLP) or by logical constraints that result in a
mixed integer linear program
(MILP). We discuss both approaches and present a novel tailored branch-and-bound algorithm that outperforms competing methods from the literature for a set of realistic rain scenarios.
연구목적 본 연구는 국제개발협력 시민사회조직(CSO) 종사자의 직무 및 업무환경 특성이 직무성과에 미치는 영향 관계에서 전문직 정체성의 매개효과를 검증하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구방법 국제개발협력민간협의회 소속 137개 기관의 유급 종사자를 대상으로 2022년 12월부터 2023년 1월까지 약 1개월 동안 설문조사를 실시하여 총 272명으로부터 자료를 ...수집하였으며 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 사용하여 빈도분석과 신뢰도 분석, 상관관계 분석, 위계적 다중회귀분석, 매개효과 분석 등을 실시하였다. 결과 분석 결과, 국제개발협력 시민사회조직 종사자의 직무특성의 하위요인인 ‘피드백,’ 업무환경특성의 하위요인인 ‘동료와의 관계,’ 그리고 전문직 정체성의 하위요인인 ‘윤리의식과 소명의식’이 종사자의 직무성과에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 전문직 정체성은 직무 및 업무환경 특성과 직무성과의 영향 관계에서 부분 매개효과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 전문직 종사자의 피드백 강화와 관계 지향적 조직문화 형성을 위한 조직 차원의 지원 및 전문직 정체성 향상을 위한 다차원적인 개선 방안이 필요하다.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of professional identity on the relationship between job and work environment characteristics, and job performance among the workers of civil society organization(CSO) in the sector of international development cooperation. Methods For about one month, a total of 272 questionnaires were collected from employees working in International development cooperation organizations located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Result The results are as follows. First, job characteristics(‘feedback’) and work environment( ‘relationships with colleagues’), and professional identity(‘senses of ethics and calling’) were significant for the job performance of CSO workers. Second, professional identity was found to have a significant mediating effect on the relationship between job and work environment characteristics, and job performance. Conclusion First, it is necessary to provide institutional support to improve job characteristics(feedback) and work environment(relationships with colleagues) at the level of CSO. Second, it is suggested comprehensive improvement measures to improve the professional identity of CSO workers.
Wastewater Collection Systems Vallabhaneni, Srinivas
Water environment research,
October 2014, Letnik:
86, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This chapter presents a review of the literature published in 2013 on topics relating to wastewater collection systems. It presents advances in research and noteworthy industry experiences selected ...from major literature sources. This review is divided into the following sections: sewer system planning; asset management; sewer condition assessment/rehabilitation; green infrastructure integration system design; operation/ maintenance; and regulatory issues.
Local governments are under pressure to improve storm water management and often times must comply with consent decrees with the Federal Government. Decentralizing a portion of the storm water ...management by integrating private landowners into localized retention and infiltration efforts, that is, low impact development (LID) or green infrastructure projects, is becoming increasingly popular. Some wastewater systems have considered incentivizing private land owners to make improvements aimed at retaining storm water or slowing the conveyance to grey infrastructure. This study examines potential opportunities for incentivizing private residential land owners in Washington DC to install LID projects. This study maps LID configurations to a set of adoption strategies and categories. The C4.5 algorithm is then applied to identify a high performance decision tree for classifying parcels by adoption strategy or adoption categories based on property-level attributes.
Europe Thirty Years After 1989 explores what happened in the former socialist countries during the last thirty years and the reasons behind these events. The authors examine how values, memory, and ...identity have been transforming these countries since the year 1989.
Wastewater Collection Systems Vallabhaneni, Srinivas
Water environment research,
October 2016, Letnik:
88, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This chapter presents a review of the literature published in 2015 on topics relating to wastewater collection systems. It presents noteworthy advances in research and industry experiences selected ...from major literature sources. This review is divided into the following sections: sewer system planning; sewer condition assessment/rehabilitation; pump stations/force mains/system design; operation and maintenance; asset management; and regulatory issues/integrated planning.
Employing a sociological actor-centred approach, this article explores the interrelations between individual and organisational dynamics by investigating how national civil society organisations’ ...(CSOs) leaders, board and rank-and-file members’ views of Europe(s) contribute to the CSOs’ process of reaching consensus about going European. Bottom-up Europeanization and social movement studies are employed to analyse the case of a French CSO joining a European network of national CSOs in order to defend the rights of binational couples. These couples, composed of a European and an extra-European citizen, have been particularly affected since mid-1990 by restrictive policies that the EU has attempted to harmonise, but that remain nationally rooted. Thanks to an in-depth ethnography and drawing on the ‘usages of Europe’ and the ‘Europeanness’ literature, three views of Europe, arguments to use or not to use Europe in CSOs, have been identified. These views, defined as instrumental, pro-European and Euro-sceptical, depend on individuals’ generation and education, as well as on their motives for engagement and their roles in the CSO. The national CSO leadership and board have to negotiate with this plurality of views before defining activities. In so doing, they have to consider economic and human resource shortages. Thus, beyond divergent positions towards Europe, consensus is reached on the possibility of using Europe as an instrument for national policy changes and CSO visibility. Such dynamics, employed to harmonise disparate views of Europe, are reproduced once national CSOs are acting in the European network and tend to create a weak experience of Europeanization, mainly based on the transnationalisation of the CSO's activities.
This article describes a general method to assess discharge-water depth relationships for combined sewer overflow (CSO) chambers. This method is particularly suitable for: complex geometries, ...unavailable univoc relationship between upstream and downstream flow and complex downstream hydraulic conditions. The methodology presented in this article is based on computational fluid dynamics. Its aim is to propose a relationship between the water depths in the CSO chamber and the overflow discharge. This study focuses on the evaluation and integration of the uncertainties in the determination of the most suitable depth-overflow relationship. Uncertainties related to numerical model, boundary conditions and water depth have been taken into account in order to elaborate water depth-overflow rate relationship. This approach is illustrated through the example of the 'Milan' CSO of Mulhouse city, France.
Abstract Civil society organizations (CSOs) in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are the principal partners of government in scaling up the response to HIV and in implementing national policies. In ...return, CSOs expect endorsement of their work by the governments. Some CSOs face weaknesses and need capacity-building in order for them to reach the level of response required for reducing drug-related harm in this region. Substance use and the transmission of HIV are increasing in the MENA region. The limited data available on drug use show that there are approximately 630,000 people who inject drugs (PWID) across the region. The HIV epidemic remains concentrated among PWID and other key populations in the region. Comprehensive harm reduction programs which include prevention, care, and HIV treatment for PWID are being implemented by CSOs. This could not happen without the presence of a conducive environment which has been facilitated by the CSOs, and which aims to lead to a positive response in health policies, and thus to harm reduction programs in some countries in the region. However, based on the international data, antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage remains low in these countries, even if the number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving ART is increasing. This increase can sometimes mask important challenges in equity: in several countries PWID are the most likely to be infected with HIV while being the least likely to be receiving care and ART. Therefore, concentrated efforts need to continue toward the goal of having mainstream harm reduction approaches in region.
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