Nursing in the world has developed exponentially in the past few decades, and Croatia is no exception as one of the Eastern European Countries.
This paper will attempt to outline the main changes ...that have been central to nursing education evolution in the country, and how nursing has developed as an profession and intellectual discipline.
This discussion paper examined journal articles, books and legislative documents that documented the development of nursing education and profession in Croatia.
In the past three decades nursing in Croatia has been characterized by a series of changes leading to its professionalization. The Croatian Nursing Act has been established, nurses have defined their competencies, and a regulatory body and vertical education up to the highest levels has been set up.
Croatian nursing profession has made significant progress in its development. The main challenges are related to nurse shortages and poor working conditions e.g. overtime work, low salaries, decreased nursing autonomy and the impossibility of working in the full scope of practice. Besides, the image of nurses in society still needs to be improved to achieve the level of more recognized health professions.
•Nursing education development is related to the environmental and social conditions.•Nursing development determinants are crucial to nursing education standardization.•High level of nursing education is indispensable for professional independence.
Scarce basin remnants of Cretaceous synorogenic sediments exposed in the Medvednica, Ivanščica, Žumberak Mts. and Samobor Hills of northern Croatia record the early orogenic history of the NW ...Dinarides. The provenance of sandstones from five clastic formations (Oštrc, Bistra, Kravljak, Vivodina and Glog) which cover a time span from Early to late Late Cretaceous was studied by combining petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, heavy mineral chemistry and detrital zircon fission track dating. These sediments record at least two major regional thermotectonic events which correlate well with those affecting both the Alps and the Tisza-Dacia unit to the north and east, and the central Dinaride region to the south. Short zircon fission track lag times in Barremian to Albian sediments indicate that continental fragments of the distal Adria plate margin underwent relatively fast, synsedimentary exhumation in the Early Cretaceous. Moreover, a clear dominance of Campanian zircon cooling ages (80–73 Ma) in Maastrichtian sandstones indicates detritus deriving from the erosion of newly and rapidly exhumed basement units which had undergone Late Cretaceous metamorphism in the Eastern Alps and/or the Tisza-Dacia region. Probably, the rapid Maastrichtian erosion generating metamorphic detritus occurred to a great extent on neighbouring Austroalpine basement units, and/or on the upper plate Tisza-Dacia unit during the subduction stage or the initial stages of the continent–continent collision with Adria. Development of the accretionary wedge probably resulted in a renewed availability of ophiolites for erosion within small and/or dynamically changing catchments, which can be deduced from the notable differences in reconstructed source lithologies for the coeval Glog and Vivodina formations. Combined evidence from sedimentary provenance indicators precludes the Dinaride (Adriatic) basement as a significant source for the Maastrichtian sediments.
Development of CCUS clusters in Croatia Vulin, Domagoj; Močilac, Iva Kolenković; Jukić, Lucija ...
International journal of greenhouse gas control,
March 2023, 2023-03-00, Letnik:
124
Journal Article
Recenzirano
•Stakeholders clustering is crucial for cost-effective implementation of CCUS projects.•Amongst three possible clusters, the Eastern one is the most feasbile.•EOR is considered, but with focus on CO2 ...retention rather than extra oil recovery.•High available theoretical storage capacity allows to consider cross-border options.
Carbon Capture and Storage is a concept that is not yet fully implemented largely because of the high costs. Clustering of industrial stakeholders is imposed as a measure for cost reduction. All relevant emitters, possible transport routes, including existing gas pipeline corridors, and their geographic location in relation to potential storage locations are assessed in this paper. Site availability and CO2 storage capacity are examined, summarizing all study results gathered under the Strategy CCUS project. The CO2 enhanced oil recovery is being studied for CO2 storage rather than extra oil recovery. As logical choices, three clusters were recognized. Only less expensive, onshore injection was taken in consideration for assessment of early (economic) feasibility in the Adriatic, Central, and Eastern clusters. Because of the shorter distance between CO2 emitters and injection sites, the Eastern and Central clusters are being investigated in more detail, despite the fact that the largest point source emitter is in the Adriatic region. Because of small number of point source CO2 emitters and huge theoretical storage capacity, further research is needed to better assess the storage capacities as well as possibilities for development of cross-border projects. Based on previous research (particularly regarding the emitters), the number of facilities (fewer facilities, with more concentrated emissions), and the availability of storage objects, the Eastern cluster is recommended to be further studied as the next stage of Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage cluster research and development in Croatia and nearby cross-border regions.
This article
examines Daša Drndić's
April in Berlin
(
April u Berlinu
, 2007), alongside
the author’s other Holocaust novels, as literary responses to historical
revisionism and outright denialism of ...the Holocaust in Croatia, which had
emerged into the political and cultural mainstream during the War of
Independence (1991-1995) and has persisted into the post-war period. Since the
historical legacy of the Fascist NDH in Croatia has been de-traumatized, it no
longer represents a crisis of historical consciousness, which would entail a
confrontation with the violent past as well as a painful transformation of
national identity and the political space in which this identity is
articulated. In contrast to de-traumatization, as an ethnocentric strategy that
normalizes the nation’s fascist crimes, Drndić’s novels stage a shocking
confrontation with the shards of the violent past. Through both their
innovative graphic layout and interdiscursive textuality—which combines
historiographical narration with avant-garde fictional and artistic devices,
words with image—Drndić’s novels function as literary archives and monuments,
and archives
as
monuments, intended
to disturb, disrupt, and jolt the reader into awareness of traumatic history, laying
bare the ideological mechanisms of political control and bringing the bodies of
victims to our doorstep.
Ovaj tekst analizira
April u Berlinu
(2007) te ostale romane o Holokaustu hrvatske
spisateljice Daše Drndić kao književne odgovore na povijesni revizionizam
Drugog svjetskog rata i Holokausta u Hrvatskoj, proces koji se ustalio kao
jedan od dominantnih političkih i kulturnih struja za vrijeme Domovinskog rata
(1991-1995), no koji također ustraje u poslijeratnom razdoblju. Budući da je
povijesno naslijeđe fašističke NDH detraumatizirano, ono više ne predstavlja
krizu povijesne svijesti, koja bi zahtijevala suočavanje s nasilnom prošlošću
kao i bolnu transformaciju nacionalnog identiteta te političkog i kulturnog
prostora u okvirima kojeg se taj identitet artikulira. Naspram
detraumatizacije, kao etnocentrične strategije koja normalizira fašističke
zločine nacije, romani Daše Drndić predstavljaju šokantno suočavanje s
krhotinama nasilne prošlosti. Putem inovativne grafičke obrade i
interdiskurzivne tekstualnosti, koja kombinira historiografsku naraciju s
avangardnim književnim i umjetničkim postupcima,
romani Daše Drndić funkcioniraju kao književni arhivi i spomenici, odnosno
arhivi-spomenici, koji žele uznemiriti čitatelje i osvijestiti prekrivenu ili
normaliziranu traumatičnu prošlost.
This paper analyses impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Croatian tourism. The analysis is based on data on tourism arrivals, overnight stays and tourist beds in the period January – September in 2019 ...and 2020, as later data for 2020 was not available at the moment of writing. Generated from the online-registering system data was specially prepared by the Croatian Tourist Boards. Apart from an immense decline in all tourism parameters, which goes in line with global trends, the results of our research reveal changes that occurred in terms of seasonality, spatial distribution of tourism, average stay, organization of arrival, age, origin and type of accommodation used, according to the data available. The paper further discusses the global context of the pandemic situation and local and personal responses that have an important impact on re-directing and tracing eventually new tourism trajectories of the (post)pandemic time. Two principal groups of factors have been recognized as mostly affecting the processes, trends and possible future trajectories have been identified: on the one hand global movement and travel bans and restrictions, on the other hand personal responses reflected in motivation and behavioural changes. Changes that occurred in pandemic time are seen as catalysts for re-enforcement and raised interest in escapism and slow movements in tourism. Instead of seeking to ‘go back to business as usual’, the authors argue to reconsider the trajectories that emerged during the time of the pandemic and to envisage other approaches towards more sustainable tourism.
ModelHVSR is a user-friendly collection of Matlab
® routines performing a number of tasks related to analysis of microtremor data. Its distinguishing features include:
•
Computation of amplification ...spectra for horizontally stratified soil models, for vertically incident P- and S-waves.
Q-values may be frequency dependent. For constant-
Q models dispersion of body-waves is taken into account;
•
Computation of theoretical horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSR) for body-waves, using estimates of both horizontal and vertical amplification of soil;
•
Computation of average observed HVSR using standard procedures or Landweber-filtered spectra;
•
Computation of linear amplification factors (DAF) of the peak-ground acceleration for any soil model and target earthquake;
•
Inversion of the observed HVSR spectra by Monte Carlo perturbation of initial model parameters, to obtain the best-fitting family of models;
•
Computation of confidence regions for all inverted model parameters (including DAF).
The program may be used during microzonation or similar studies, when one needs to either verify the existing geotechnical models by comparing theoretical HVSR to the observed one, or invert the observed ambient noise measurements to obtain the most-likely geotechnical models of the soil. It is also useful to conduct sensitivity analyses and to explore possible biases between model parameters.
Complexity of the digital transformation (Digital Transformation) paradigm and its relation to the fourth technological revolution face companies with serious challenges when it comes to keeping up ...with the competition or becoming a leader in operating industries.
The goal of our research is to systematize, analyse and evaluate technological and business concepts of Digital Transformation, in order to identify and investigate Digital Transformation initiatives in Croatia.
To accomplish this goal, we used a multiple-case study approach to gather data from experts who participated in successful Digital Transformation initiatives.
Questionnaires were developed and used to gather both, qualitative background and technology-business related data relevant for Digital Transformation initiatives’ success, discussed in the last part of the paper. The limitation of this study is a relatively small number of case studies (6), as well as its local coverage, resulting therefore with conclusions, which will serve as a base for future studies.
There are several background, business, and technology-related concepts or factors relevant to Digital Transformation initiatives: profile and involvement of external Digital Transformation experts; the transformation drivers and expectations. In achieving most significant business concepts for business transformation, no single one right combination of technological concepts could be explicitly determined.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is presented with a wide range of symptoms, from asymptomatic disease to severe and progressive interstitial pneumonia. As part of interstitial pneumonia, ...respiratory failure is typically presented as hypoxia and is the most common cause of hospitalization. When oxygen therapy fails, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) are used as respiratory support measures of first choice. Noninvasive respiratory support (NIRS) is applied in order to save intensive care unit resources and to avoid complications related to invasive mechanical ventilation. Emerging evidence has shown that the use of CPAP or NIV in the management of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in COVID-19 reduces the need for intubation and mortality. The advantage of NIRS is the feasibility of its application on wards. NIV could be administered via a face mask or helmet interface. Helmet adheres better than mask and therefore leakage is reduced, a delivery of positive end-expiratory pressure is more accurate, and the risk of nosocomial transmission of infections is lowered. Patients on NIRS must be carefully monitored so that further respiratory deterioration is not overlooked and additional measures of care including timely intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation could be performed if needed. Key words: Coronavirus disease 2019; Respiratory failure; Continuous positive airway pressure; Noninvasive mechanical ventilation; Noninvasive respiratory support Bolest uzrokovana novim koronavirusom 2019 (COVID-19) prezentira se sirokim rasponom simptoma, od asimptomatske bolesti do teske i progresivne intersticijske upale pluca. Kao dio intersticijske pneumonije respiracijska insufficijencija tipicno je obiljezena hipoksijom i najcesci je uzrok hospitalizacije. Kada terapija kisikom ne uspije, kontinuirani pozitivni tlak u disnim putovima (CPAP) ili neinvazivna mehanicka ventilacija (NIV) mjere su respiracijske potpore prvog izbora. Neinvazivna respiracijska potpora (NIRS) primjenjuje se kako bi se ustedjeli resursi jedinica intenzivnog lijecenja i izbjegle komplikacije povezane s invazivnom mehanickom ventilacijom. Uporaba CPAP-a ili NIV-a u lijecenju akutne hipoksemicne respiracijske insufficijencije kod COVID-19 smanjuje potrebu za intubacijom i smrtnost. Prednost NIRS-a je da se moze provoditi na odjelima. NIV se moze primijeniti preko maske ili kacige. Kaciga bolje prianja u odnosu na masku i stoga je smanjen gubitak zraka, isporuka pozitivnog tlaka na kraju izdisaja je tocnija, a rizik od nozokomijalnog prijenosa infekcija je manji. Bolesnici na NIRS-u moraju se pazljivo nadzirati kako se ne bi previdjelo daljnje respiracijsko pogorsanje i kako bi se mogle provesti dodatne mjere skrbi ukljucujuci pravodobnu intubaciju i invazivnu mehanicku ventilaciju. Kljucne rijeci: Bolest uzrokovana novim koronavirusom 2019; Respiracijska insufficijencija; Kontinuirani pozitivni tlak u disnim putovima; Neinvazivna mehanicka ventilacija; Neinvazivna respiracijska potpora
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