In "Probing Theoretically into Central and Eastern Europe: Transactions, Resources, and Institutions," we outlined the contributions of research in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) to theoretical ...debates in business research. In this retrospective, we reflect upon the evolution of the field over the past decade. With the fading impact of CEE's distinct shared history, we suggest that CEE best be analyzed as emerging economies, rather than as a distinct geographic entity. Emerging economy business research is converging on common themes and shared theoretical ideas, while identifying critical variations that constrain generalizations among and beyond emerging economies. This research thus highlights the need to develop a better understanding of the boundary conditions of scholarly theories of business knowledge. Over the past decade, the institutionbased view has emerged from distinct intellectual traditions in institutional economics, organizational theory, and the analysis of business-government bargaining. Research in these converging lines of theorizing places contextual variations at the center of explanations of business phenomena around the world. We suggest that the institution-based view is evolving toward a paradigm, and offer suggestions on how to advance this research agenda further, in particular by exploring how firms engage with different sets of potentially conflicting institutions at multiple levels and locations.
This study examines the impact of circular economy (CE) practices in achieving long-term organisational and network resilience after Covid-19 in the case of an industrial symbiosis within the ...hitherto less explored area of Central and Eastern Europe. Our original findings based on primary data demonstrate that CE practices trigger organisational resilience through resilience capabilities, flexibility, and cooperation and that organisational resilience can be positively reflected in network resilience and robustness. Moreover, organisational resilience positively influences network resilience and robustness within industrial symbiosis. The results confirm the hypothesis that companies with a higher level of CE practices demonstrate greater resilience over the long term compared to their peers. This research offers several contributions, ranging from an original theoretical framework based on the (natural) resource-based view, dynamic capabilities, and organisational resilience to practical contributions to developing organisational adaptive capacity in networks of industrial symbiosis in crisis.
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•Novel empirical research-based analysis of the impact of circular economy practices on organisational and network resilience.•The nexus between circular economy practices and crises perspective has been extended by the Covid-19 crisis.•The case of industrial symbiosis within the less explored area of Central and Eastern Europe is studied.•Circular economy practices trigger flexibility, collaboration, and resource efficiency.
Most previous research found that within-family resemblance on social outcomes and intelligence is mostly due to genetic factors with a limited role of the shared environment, with the exception of ...educational attainment. Hypotheses about a gene-environment interaction with SES, with a presumably smaller role of genetic factors in families with low social status, have been only partially confirmed. However, these results do not necessarily generalize to all societies, and data from Central or Eastern European countries is currently deficient. In the current work we replicate using data from the Hungarian Twin Registry that intelligence, income, and educational attainment are substantially heritable, with limited role of the shared environment. In contrast to studies in Anglo-Saxon or Western European countries, we found an influence of the shared environment on standardized high school test scores, especially history. Both genetic and shared environmental (but not nonshared environmental) correlations were substantial, in line with generalist genes and shared environments but specific nonshared environmental effects. The results show that the heritability of social traits is observable in Central/Eastern Europe, but they highlight a potentially problematic aspect of Hungarian high school final tests, as students' family of origin appears to be a potent determinant of grades.
•Central/Eastern European societies are unique but sociogenomic studies are rare.•Twin study of intelligence, income, years in education and high school final exam grades•Intelligence, income, years education and mathematics grades substantially heritable•Shared environmental effects on finals grades in humanities
The combination of transition and globalization since the early 1990s has caused dramatic changes in the dairy chains in Central and Eastern Europe. This paper uses survey evidence from several ...Central and East European countries to document the growth of vertical coordination in the dairy chain, its relationship with policy reforms, its effects and the implications for small farms. Evidence suggests that in several countries small dairy farms have benefited from vertical coordination processes by providing them access to inputs and higher value markets.
This work presents the results of a PM2.5 source apportionment study conducted in urban background sites from 16 European and Asian countries. For some Eastern Europe and Central Asia cities this was ...the first time that quantitative information on pollution source contributions to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been performed. More than 2200 filters were sampled and analyzed by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to measure the concentrations of chemical elements in fine particles. Samples were also analyzed for the contents of black carbon, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and water-soluble ions. The Positive Matrix Factorization receptor model (EPA PMF 5.0) was used to characterize similarities and heterogeneities in PM2.5 sources and respective contributions in the cities that the number of collected samples exceeded 75. At the end source apportionment was performed in 11 out of the 16 participating cities. Nine major sources were identified to have contributed to PM2.5: biomass burning, secondary sulfates, traffic, fuel oil combustion, industry, coal combustion, soil, salt and “other sources”. From the averages of sources contributions, considering 11 cities 16% of PM2.5 was attributed to biomass burning, 15% to secondary sulfates, 13% to traffic, 12% to soil, 8.0% to fuel oil combustion, 5.5% to coal combustion, 1.9% to salt, 0.8% to industry emissions, 5.1% to “other sources” and 23% to unaccounted mass. Characteristic seasonal patterns were identified for each PM2.5 source. Biomass burning in all cities, coal combustion in Krakow/POL, and oil combustion in Belgrade/SRB and Banja Luka/BIH increased in Winter due to the impact of domestic heating, whereas in most cities secondary sulfates reached higher levels in Summer as a consequence of the enhanced photochemical activity. During high pollution days the largest sources of fine particles were biomass burning, traffic and secondary sulfates.
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•Data on source apportionment in Eastern European and Central Asian countries is sparse.•The average PM2.5 concentrations measured in the 16 cities exceeded the WHO guidelines.•Biomass burning, traffic and secondary sulfates were the main sources in high pollution days.•Key targets towards healthy cities: clean energy and sustainable transports.
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