U članku se raspravlja o istrorumunjskim nazivima koji se tiču tiještenja maslina. Obuhvaćeni su nazivi iz svih mjesta u kojima se još uvijek govori istrorumunjski (Žejane, Šušnjevica, Nova Vas, ...Jesenovik, Letaj, Brdo, Škabići, Trkovci, Zankovci, Miheli i Kostrčan). Termini su leksikološki i etimološki obrađeni. Ukoliko je riječ o hrvatskim posuđenicama, svaka se uspoređuje sa sličnim nazivima u čakavskim govorima, a ako se radi o domaćem elementu, on se dovodi u svezu s oblicima u preostala tri rumunjska dijalekta (dačkorumunjski, arumunjski i meglenorumunjski). U obzir se uzimaju oblici cijele istočne jadranske obale što je s obzirom na kretanje Istrorumunja u povijesti opravdano ne bi li se utvrdilo jesu li Istrorumunji pojedini oblik preuzeli tek u Istri ili su ga donijeli iz Cetinske krajine. Na kraju svakog članka pokušava se odrediti krajnji etimon (uglavnom praslavenski ili vulgarnolatinski). Radi lakšeg snalaženja u dodatku su članka dodana dva kazala, kazalo obrađenih istrorumunjskih naziva i kazalo krajnjih etimona.
Franciszek Ksawery Bohusz (1746–1820) was a philosopher, theologist, Jesuit, political activist, participant of the Kościuszko Uprising, member of the Warsaw Society of Friends of Science, honorary ...member of the Vilnius University, translator and publisher of the Napoleon Code, who was also the author of the thesis On the Origins of the Lithuanian Nation and Language (1808). The thesis was written in an effort to save from forgetting the traditions of the people whose language, as the author noted, gradually “diminished” and “faded” at the beginning of the nineteenth century, being crowded out by Polish which was used in various areas of everyday life. Bohusz’s work turned out to be a significant voice, a testament which raised interest of many Lithuanian culture researchers. It contributed to the longterm study of the history of the Lithuanian nation and language by numerous Vilnius University professors and students.
V prispevku prikazujemo izbrane istrskoslovenske narečne izraze za ptice iz družine rac in gosi (Anatidae), reda plojkokljunov (Anseriformes). Istrskoslovenske ornitonime smo zbrali po vprašalnici, ...ki je bila podlaga za pripravo slovarja Lexicon ornitologicum Histriae slovenicae (LOHS). Prvo raziskavo je opravil Goran Filpi, in sicer v osemdesetih letih prejšnjega stoletja, druge, novejše podatke, pa je zbrala Suzana Todorović leta 2009 v okviru svoje doktorske disertacije.2 Ornitonimi, ki jih je Suzana Todorović zapisala v Novi vasi, so bili objavljeni v IbLA, tisti, ki jih je zapisala v Borštu, pa v LAIČaG. Avtorja sta zbrano gradivo primerjala, izraze etimološko analizirala in prikazala, katere izraze Istrani še uporabljajo oz. katere so opustili ali jih nadomestili z drugimi poimenovanji.
Dainavà. MEANING, HISTORY AND ORIGIN OF THE NAMESummarySeveral villages in Southern Lithuania bear the name Dainavà (acc. sg. Daĩnavą). There is a village of this name, inhabitated by the ...Lithuanians, also in Byelorussia, in Grodno region, Zietela district (in Byelorussian Dziatlovo as well as Diatlovo). The name is attested in 13th c. historical sources written in Latin: Deynowe, Denowe. In 16th c. Russian chronicles we find Doinova (Дойнова). It has been long ago assumed by investigators that this was the Lithuanian name for the Yatvingians, a tribe of the Western Balts. In addition to this, there are ten villages in Aukštaičiai (in the Highlands of Lithuania) called Dainiaĩ. It was suggested by historians that in some cases these villages got the name from the name plur. *dainiaĩ (sg. *dainỹs) of the population of the Dainava region.In Lithuanian there are adjectives dienì and dienė̃ „pregnant, with calf, in foal” (< *dēin(i)i̯o-), used, e. g., in dienì kárvė „cow, that calves“, dienì kumẽlė „mare in foal“.Lith. diẽndaržis „cattleyard; enclosure“ etymologically correspond to Latv. dìendā̀rzs, dìendā̀rzs2, diendaržis „cattlehurdle“. They are compounds that contain Baltic * diena, *diene (acc. sg. *diẽną, *diẽnę) subst. fem. „cow“ and Lith. dar̃žas, Latv. dā̀rzs „kitchen-garden“. It is possible to reconstruct East Baltic * diena, * diene (acc. sg. * diẽną, *diẽnę) subst. fem. „cow“ which derive from Protobaltic nouns *dḗinā, *dḗinē subst. fem. „cow“.In the East Latvian dialects we found atdiẽne „a cow, that calves in the second year“, adaine, atdaîne „a cow, that calves in the second year“, which contain a prefix at- and Baltic *diena, *diene subst. fem. „cow“ respectively *dā́inē „cow“.OInd. dhenúḥ fem. „(milk) cow; female“, Avesta daēnu- fem. „female“, u stem, OInd. dhénā fem. „female; milk-cow; brests“, ā stem, seem to be etymological cognates of these Baltic words.So there are good grounds for believing that the name of the inhabitants of the former region Dainava pl. * dainiaĩ (sg. *dainỹs, acc. sg. *dáinin < *dāinin) with a primitive meaning „cow-herds, cow-boys“ in historical-comparative aspect is connected with *dā́inē „cow“. From the very outset, the name pl. *dainiaĩ with the suffix *-(i)i̯o- evidently must have meant tribesmen as countable members of a tribe. Dainavà, Dainuvà, derivatives with the suffixes –ava/-uva, might have been collective names for the ethnic group as an indivisible whole.It seems that the names Dainavà, Dainuvà have etymologically nothing to do with the hydronyms Dainavà Daĩn-upis etc., as has been assumed by some scholars, then they may represent quite a different root. They are most likely derived with a suffix -n- from the root *deih1- „spank along, dash, speed along; turn, go round“, which is attested in Latv. diêt (deju) „to dance; to jump (about), leap; to sing“, OInd. dī́yati „he flies, soars“, Gr. δινέω, δινεύω „to turn, twist, swing...“.
V prispevku so prikazana hišna imena v dveh krajih slovenske Istre – na Šaredu1 , ki je bil do konca 19. stoletja skoraj neposeljen (popis iz leta 1869 beleži le 32 prebivalcev), in na Pomjanu, kjer ...je zgodovina naseljevanja veliko starejša. Tu so lastna zemljepisna imena številčnejša in bogatejša. Medtem ko smo na Šaredu zapisali večinoma hišna imena, ki razkrivajo poreklo prebivalcev, na primer pri Glemčanih, pri Doljanih, pri Rakitljanih ipd., smo na Pomjanu slišali raznovrstnejša poimenovanja, na primer pri Gunjaču, pri Malnarci, pri Vikiču, pri Kapitanu, pri Šolčoki idr.
POLESIE: “ALONG THE FOREST“, „ALONG THE VALLEY“ OR „LAND OF GREAT SWAMPS“?SummaryPolesie is a territory inhabited by speakers of an Eastern Slavonic dialect called „Poleshuk“, stretching across ...southern Belarus, northern Ukraine, several neighboring western regions of Russia and part of the western headwaters of Poland’s section of the Pripet River.The Polesie region is extremely significant for the history of old contacts between Balts and Slavs, because of its linguistic peculiarities and archaeological monuments, which offer evidence that this could have been the zone where Balts and Slavs first met, the strongest traces of which were impressed in the local place names.The abundance of Baltic traces in the Polesie region calls for greater attention to the origin of the name Polesie itself.This article presents arguments casting doubt on the Slavic origin of the name: supposedly Polesie = Slav. (R.) po- + les- (по- + лес-) „along the forest“, from R. лес „forest“, cf. по-бережье „along the shore“, etc. Even those linguists who tend toward maintaining that the etymology is based on „forest“ try to connect Polesie with Baltic hydronyms such as Pala, Pelesa and others, which etymologically have nothing in common with the meaning „forest.“Based on appellative and onomastic constructions of the Baltic pal-/pel- root and borrowings of these in the Slavic languages, it is suggested that the proper name Polesie needs to be considered as part of the heritage of the Baltic substrate, a word whose „ancestors“ could have been either a hydronym with the affix -es- (e.g., Pelesa), or a geographic term meaning „large swamp“, cf. Lith. palà „marsh or morass, bog, swamp“, palios „large swamp in places where lakes have been overgrown, wasteland“, Latv. palas, paļas „marshy lake shore“ and others. Similar typological/semantic parallels exist in other regions, cf. Pannonia „historical Roman province in the area of the present-day lake Balaton“, whose title *Pannona is sought in the appellative meaning of „swamp, bog“ in the Illyrian language, cf. Baltic (Prussian) pannean „swamp“.A Baltic origin for Polesie is also strengthened by the fact that a large portion of the borrowings from the Baltic substrate in the various Eastern Slavonic languages are comprised of words for wet, low and swampy places, e.g.: alos, алес „swamp, marsh, quagmire“ (Polish, Belarusian, Russian, Ukrainian); kudra, кудра „forest in a swamp, small lake“ (Polish, Belarusian, Rus., Ukr.); pelka, пелька „swamp, depression“ (cf. Lith. pelkė „swamp“) (Polish, Belarusian, Rus., Ukr.); rojst(o), ройст(а) „swampy place, bog, fen“ (Polish, Belarusian, Rus.); твань/тваль „swampy place, quagmire“; R. пурвиж „peatbog“, банда „an overgrown lake filled with crucian carp)“, лом(a)/(o) ламы́ „swamp, bog, fen, marshy meadow“, дребь/дреб „fen, swampy place overgrown with forest“ and so on.In light of the semantic/typological, etymological and areal features of the toponym Polesie there is strong basis to the claim that it is of Baltic origin and possibly meant „land of great swamps“, while the semantic connections with „forest“ arose later, following inhabitation of the land by the Eastern Slavic tribes and their adoption of the local Baltic toponyms.
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