La note américaine Leurquin, Eric Claude
TradTerm,
11/2023, Letnik:
43
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
1921 Les guerres indiennes sont loin. Leurs survivants ont, pour la plupart, été parqués dans des réserves où ils végètent, misérables, abandonnés à leur sort.Une exception à cette règle : le peuple ...osage. Il s'est vu attribuer un territoire minéral aux confins de l'Oklahoma. Or ces rochers recouvrent le plus grand gisement de pétrole des États-Unis. Les Osages sont millionnaires, roulent en voitures de luxe, envoient leurs enfants dans les plus prestigieuses universités et se font servir par des domestiques blancs. Le monde à l'envers. Un jour, deux membres de la tribu disparaissent. Un corps est retrouvé, une balle dans la tête. Puis une femme meurt empoisonnée. Et une autre. Plus tard, une maison explose. Trois morts. Qui commet ces assassinats ? Qui a intérêt à terroriser les riches Osages ? Les premières enquêtes, locales, sont bâclées, elles piétinent. C'est pourquoi, après une nouvelle série noire, ce dossier brûlant est confié au BOI (Bureau of Investigation, qui deviendra le FBI en 1935). À sa tête, un très jeune homme. Son nom est Hoover, Edgar J. Hoover. Il veut deux choses.
La première: faire toute la lumière sur cette sombre affaire, et il s'en donne les moyens, enquêteurs hors pair, méthodes rigoureuses de police scientifique, mise en fiche de la moindre information. La seconde : le pouvoir. Surtout le pouvoir. Et ce premier coup d'éclat va le lui offrir sur un plateau.
Sagittal balance of the spine Le Huec, J. C.; Thompson, W.; Mohsinaly, Y. ...
European spine journal,
1/9, Letnik:
28, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The static sagittal balance of the normal spine is a physiological alignment of the spine in the most efficient manner by the muscular forces. During gait, this balance is constantly thwarted by ...single-foot support. This analysis involves the study of parameters which are now well defined. The pelvic incidence is constant, and the sacral slope and the pelvic tilt are positional. The cervical parameters are the upper (O–C2) and lower cervical curvatures (C2–C7), the C7 slope, the spino-cranial angle and the vertical cervical offset. At the thoracic and lumbar level, they are, respectively, kyphosis and lordosis. The OD-HA (odontoid hip axis) angle is the most efficient parameter to analyse the global balance. The average values of these parameters are reported with the new 3D measurements by Le Huec et al. The relationship between these different parameters was analysed, and Roussouly proposed his classification of the different spine shape. Ageing makes it possible to show compensation mechanisms at three levels: spinal, pelvic and lower limbs. Understanding these different data allows for better planning of the surgical management of the patients. Global evaluation of the entire spine and the measurement of the aforementioned parameters allow to determine the extent of the correction to be performed during surgery. Taking these parameters into account also enables us to understand the complications involved in this type of surgery: transitional syndromes or junctional syndromes. Integration of these parameters into the study of gait is an area still under investigation.
Graphic abstract
These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material .
We study the propagation in time of 1/2-Gelfand-Shilov singularities, i.e. global analytic singularities, of tempered distributional solutions of the initial value problem{ut+qw(x,D)u=0u|t=0=u0, on ...Rn, where u0 is a tempered distribution on Rn, q=q(x,ξ) is a complex-valued quadratic form on R2n=Rxn×Rξn with nonnegative real part Req≥0, and qw(x,D) is the Weyl quantization of q. We prove that the 1/2-Gelfand-Shilov singularities of the initial data that are contained within a distinguished linear subspace of the phase space R2n, called the singular space of q, are transported by the Hamilton flow of Imq, while all other 1/2-Gelfand-Shilov singularities are instantaneously regularized. Our result extends the observation of Hitrik, Pravda-Starov, and Viola '18 that this evolution is instantaneously globally analytically regularizing when the singular space of q is trivial.
Although nearly all domain experts agree that carbon dioxide emissions are altering the world's climate, segments of the public remain unconvinced by the scientific evidence. Internet blogs have ...become a platform for denial of climate change, and bloggers have taken a prominent role in questioning climate science. We report a survey of climate-blog visitors to identify the variables underlying acceptance and rejection of climate science. Our findings parallel those of previous work and show that endorsement of free-market economics predicted rejection of climate science. Endorsement of free markets also predicted the rejection of other established scientific findings, such as the facts that HIV causes AIDS and that smoking causes lung cancer. We additionally show that, above and beyond endorsement of free markets, endorsement of a cluster of conspiracy theories (e.g., that the Federal Bureau of Investigation killed Martin Luther King, Jr.) predicted rejection of climate science as well as other scientific findings. Our results provide empirical support for previous suggestions that conspiratorial thinking contributes to the rejection of science. Acceptance of science, by contrast, was strongly associated with the perception of a consensus among scientists.
During COVID-19, Asian Americans were perceived as a threat to the American society, which could have led to heightened media scrutiny and a shift in media portrayals. This study examines this ...question with a quantitative analysis of crime stories sampled from five newspapers (2019–2021). Our results suggested that large-scale social events such as COVID-19 might have transformed media representations of Asians and other racial groups, with noteworthy variability: (a) When considering all types of crimes, during the pandemic, news about lawbreaking activities by Asian perpetrators almost doubled that of before-COVID period. No significant change was uncovered in the coverage of Asian victims. (b) However, on two types of crimes—“crimes against persons” and “violent crimes”—that have more newsworthiness and social import, stories about Asian victims during the COVID-19 were higher than those of the before-COVID period. (c) When comparing media representations with the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) data, the percentage of Asian perpetrators and victims in newspapers did not differ from that of the FBI in 2019 and 2020; however, Asians were overrepresented as victims in 2021.
Since the second half of the 19th century, the United States of America has been fighting against various kinds of terrorist organizations, including ultra-right neo-Nazi groups that posed a danger ...to the USA. During the decline of the Ku Klux Klan, one of the leading Nazi organizations in the first half of the 20th century, the United States of America faced a huge problem of small terrorist neo-Nazi groups spread, which since the late 1970 were in close cooperation with each other. The United States had to change the concept of implementation in organizations by the special services and the Bureau since the late 1960s. The article examines the experience of the FBI countering neo-Nazi groups in the period from the early 1970s to the late 1990s.
The CIA on Latin America Becker, Marc
The journal of intelligence history,
07/03/2021, Letnik:
20, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A mythology has grown among scholars that during the early years of the Cold War the CIA was so preoccupied with a perceived Soviet threat that except for highly exceptional events such as the 1954 ...coup in Guatemala the agency largely ignored Latin America. In this narrative, it took the 1959 Cuban revolution to bring the region front and center in its imagination (but even then, still only as a pawn of the Soviet Union). A review of CIA documentation, however, indicates that from its beginnings the agency dedicated a significant amount of attention to the region. Not only does the material that the CIA's case officers and their agents generated challenge our assumptions about the agency's presumed priorities, it also highlights the value of a largely unexploited source to understand domestic developments in Latin America in the early post-World War Two period.
In this work we study microlocal regularity of hyperfunctions defining in this context a class of generalized FBI transforms first introduced for distributions by Berhanu and Hounie. Using a ...microlocal decomposition of a hyperfunction and the generalized FBI transforms we were able to characterize the wave-front set of hyperfunctions according to several types of regularity. The microlocal decomposition allowed us to recover and generalize both classical and recent results and, in particular, we proved for differential operators with real-analytic coefficients that if the elliptic regularity theorem regarding any reasonable regularity holds for distributions, then it is automatically true for hyperfunctions.
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