Issues in Australian Foreign Policy January to June 2023 Jerrems, Ari; Christodulou, Arielle; Kronja, Sasha
The Australian journal of politics and history,
December 2023, 2023-12-00, 20231201, Letnik:
69, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Abstract
Optimism about China's rise has in recent years given way to deep concern in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom. Drawing on an original set of interviews with China experts ...from each country, and an array of primary and secondary sources, I show that shifting framings of China's rise reflect the dynamics of the US, Australian and UK national security fields. The article highlights three features specifically: first, the US field features a belief that China's rise can be arrested or prevented, absent in Australia and the UK. I root this dynamic in the system of professional appointments and the intense US ‘marketplace of ideas’, which gives rise to intense framing contestation and occasional sharp frame change. I then identify the key positions produced by each field, from which key actors have shaped the differing interpretations of China and its meaning. The election of Donald Trump, a strong China-critic, to the US presidency empowered key individuals across government who shifted the predominant framing of China from potential challenger to current threat. The smaller and more centralized fields in Australia and Britain feature fewer and less intense China-sceptical voices; responses have thereby remained largely pragmatic, despite worsening diplomatic relations in each case.
Palabras clave Política exterior romana, República romana, Confederación Etolia, Celtiberia, Hispania, Tito Quincio Flaminino Abstract This study deals with the foreign policy patterns deployed by ...Rome in Hispania and Greece between 200 and 179 BC. Starting from the precedents of the provincialisation of Iberia (197 BC) and the declaration of freedom of the Greeks promoted by Titus Quinctius Flamininus (196 BC), it proposes a comparative analysis focusing on two specific actors: the Aetolian Confederation and the peoples of Celtiberia. The validity of these constants explains the solutions applied on both fronts, including, according to the hypothesis defended, the creation of a Graeco-Celtiberian federation concealed under the veil of a personal agreement, the viability of which lies, among other arguments, in the resumption of hostilities in Celtiberia after the death of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus. Keywords Roman foreign policy; Roman Republic; Aetolian Confederation; Celtiberia; Hispania; Titus Quinctius Flamininus 1. En ambas localizaciones, Roma hubo de hacer frente a continuos conflictos bélicos que se sucedieron durante el lapso temporal planteado. De hecho, los castra hiberna erigidos entonces no se materializaron en infraestructuras urbanas duraderas para articular las nuevas provinciae6. Si bien este pudo ser un factor relevante, hay que considerar si el beneficio de la extracción compensaría el gasto que suponía el envío anual de tropas.
A major theoretical statement by a distinguished political scholar explains why a policy of liberal hegemony is doomed to failIn this major statement, the renowned international-relations scholar ...John Mearsheimer argues that liberal hegemony, the foreign policy pursued by the United States since the Cold War ended, is doomed to fail. It makes far more sense, he maintains, for Washington to adopt a more restrained foreign policy based on a sound understanding of how nationalism and realism constrain great powers abroad.It is widely believed in the West that the United States should spread liberal democracy across the world, foster an open international economy, and build institutions. This policy of remaking the world in America's image is supposed to protect human rights, promote peace, and make the world safe for democracy. But this is not what has happened. Instead, the United States has ended up as a highly militarized state fighting wars that undermine peace, harm human rights, and threaten liberal values at home. Mearsheimer tells us why this has happened.
