Midway through his reign, in the critical decade of the 1680s, the lusty image of Louis XIV paled and was replaced by that of a straitlaced monarch committed to locking up blasphemers, debtors, ...gamblers, and prostitutes in wretched, foul-smelling prisons that dispensed ample doses of Catholic-Reformation virtue. The author demonstrates how this attack on sin expressed the punitive social policy of the French Catholic Reformation and how Louis's actions clarified the legal and moral distinctions between crime and sin. As a hot-blooded young prince, Louis XIV paid little attention to virtue or to sin and, despite his cherished title of God's Most Christian King, violations of God's Sixth and Ninth Commandments never troubled him. Indeed, for the first two decades of his reign, he paraded a stream of royal mistresses before all of Europe and fathered sixteen illegitimate children. Yet, midway through his reign, in the critical decade of the 1680s, the lusty image of Louis XIV paled and was replaced by that of a straitlaced monarch committed to locking up blasphemers, debtors, gamblers, and prostitutes in wretched, foul-smelling prisons that dispensed ample doses of Catholic-Reformation virtue. Using police and prison archives, administrative correspondence, memoirs, and letters, Riley describes the formation of Louis's narrow conscience and his efforts to safeguard his subjects' souls by attacking sin and infusing his kingdom with virtue, especially in Paris and at Versailles. Throughout his attack on sin, women--so-called Soldiers of Satan--were the special targets of the police. By the seventeenth century, fornication and adultery had become exclusively female crimes; men guilty of these sins were rarely punished as severely. Although unsuccessful, Louis's attack on sin clarified the legal and moral distinctions between crime and sin as well as the futility of enforcing a religiously inspired social policy on an irreverent, secular-minded France.
Under siege Young, Robert J
2000., 20000615, 2000, 2000-06-15
eBook
Studies on the First World War are plentiful but most tend to focus on the combatants. This volume offers a new and highly original perspective that shows the reader the civilian side of this ...protracted and destructive war through a succession of "snapshots": 130 excerpts from leading American and Canadian newspapers provide a collective portrait of life behind the battle lines, what is often called the "second" front. Written principally by Paris-based journalists, and intended for popular reading audiences, these articles depict ordinary people in a way that still touches the reader of today. They record eye-witness testimony of Paris under aerial bombardment, the gutted cathedrals at Reims and Arras, the cemeteries around Compiègne, the subterranean living quarters at Cambrai, and the heart-breaking orphanages at Chambly. Introduced and concluded by the editor, the volume also offers biographical notes on some of the leadingjournalist contributors, maps to familiarize readers with the geography of northern France, and detailed subject and geographical indices. The volume ends with a select bibliography of works on the subject of French civilian life during the Great War.
Newspaper writings Mill, John Stuart; Robson, John M; Robson, Ann P
Newspaper writings,
c1986, 19861201, Letnik:
22-25
eBook
The Mill that emerges from these pages is a fighting journalist, uinhibited, forthright, and often brilliantly satirical, testing his theoretical opinions in the real world, gradually maturing and ...developing a practical philosophy whose influence has been felt well into our own time.
This book examines the paradoxical emergence of political antislavery and institutional racism in the century prior to the French Revolution. The author shows how the political culture of late ...Bourbon France created ample opportunities for contestation over the meaning of freedom. Based on various archival sources, this work will be of interest not only to historians of slavery and France, but to scholars interested in the emergence of modern culture in the Atlantic world.
Minerva's message Staum, Martin S
Minerva's message,
c1996, 19961017, 1996, 1996-06-01
eBook
In theory the CMPS was set up to enshrine the human and social studies that were at the heart of Enlightenment culture. Staum illustrates, however, that the Institute helped transform key ideas of ...the Enlightenment in order to maintain civil rights while upholding social stability, and that the social and political assumptions on which it was based affected notions of social science. He traces the careers of individual members and the factions within the Institute, arguing that the discord within the CMPS reflects the unravelling of Enlightenment culture.
Direct intervention Black, Eldon
Direct intervention,
c1996, 19961115, 1996, 1996-06-01, Letnik:
187, 187.
eBook
Direct Intervention recounts the political and diplomatic relationship between Canada and France at a critical juncture in Canada's history. As a Minister in the Canadian Embassy in Paris, Eldon ...Black witnessed a range of fateful events - from visits (successful and unsuccessful) of ministers and prime ministers between Ottawa, Quebec City and Paris, to meetings at the Elysée palace, and exchanges of a myriad of telegrams, notes and other diplomatic correspondence. This well-researched account of French interference in Canadian constitutional and federal-provincial affairs includes criticism of Quebec's involvement, and of how Embassy staff in Paris and the Canadian government in Ottawa strove to control and normalize relations among the contending parties. Central to the national unity debate of the day, the ensuing diplomatic wrangles and political conflicts have a curiously contemporary ring, even reverberating into Canada's future.
In these essays Carolingian government is explored through the workings of courts and assemblies; through administrative texts; through contemporaries’ historical writing; through the rituals, ...looking back to Roman times and reflecting the long continuity of administration in the areas constituting Francia that supplemented and reinforced social and political solidarities; and through the ideological and material dilemmas confronted by ninth-century churchmen: the material wealth of the church, a necessary precondition to its influence, attracted a variety of private interests that inhibited its ability to perform its public duty. Janet Nelson extends her perspective to include the settlement of disputes, often without recourse to courts or to conflict, and the application of law. An introduction sets Francia in context and outlines its main features. More recent work on gender history is represented here by studies of the political, intellectual and religious activities of women in the Frankish world. Although circumscribed, the activities of women acting on their own will can be clearly detected. While the male authorship of nearly all early medieval texts has usually been taken for granted, Janet Nelson makes a case for the possibility that a number were written by women.
