The 2010s have witnessed a growing body of literature on urban transformation and industrial restructuring in the global south, particularly China. However, insufficient attention has been paid to ...the interplay between the parallel processes in the transition of globalisation. The existing literature on urban transformation and industrial restructuring in China has focused on the analysis of internal dynamics at the national level, whereas the evolution of the lower levels of urban and rural settlements (i.e. towns and villages) in the changing dynamics of globalisation has not been thoroughly discussed. Drawing on the evolutionary notion of ‘strategic coupling’ from Global Production Network (GPN) theory, this study attempts to highlight connections between urban transformation and industrial restructuring in China. Particular attention is paid to the ongoing industrial upgrading, relocation and transformation that started in the mid-2000s, and the subsequent effects on the prevalent foreign direct investment (FDI)-induced exo(genous)-urbanisation in the Pearl River Delta (PRD). Drawing on years of extensive field investigation, particularly indepth interviews with entrepreneurs, officials, migrants and villagers in representative towns in Dongguan, the current study argues that exo-urbanisation has undergone a paradigm shift and uneven patterns of transformation. Some towns (e.g. Humen and Chang’an) have witnessed stagnation due to the deliberate decoupling of low-skilled migrant labour and labour-intensive firms, whereas others (e.g. Songshanhu) have developed into high-tech zones driven by the strategic recoupling of technology-based domestic firms and a high-skilled workforce. This study sheds light on new avenues for future research on industrial restructuring and urban transformation amidst the changing global–local dynamics.
2010年代见证了越来越多关于全球南方、特别是中国城市转型和产业结构调整的文献。然而，全球化转型中平行进程之间的相互作用没有得到足够的重视。关于中国城市转型和产业结构调整的现有文献侧重于分析国家一级的内部动态，而较低层次的城乡住区（即城镇和村庄）在不断变化的全球化动态中的演变尚未得到充分讨论。借鉴全球生产网络(GPN)理论中“战略耦合”的进化概念，本研究试图强调中国城市转型与产业结构调整之间的联系。我们特别关注始于2000年代中期的持续产业升级、迁移和转型，以及随后这对珠江三角洲普遍的外国直接投资诱发的外来城市化的影响。根据多年的广泛实地调查，特别是对东莞代表性城镇的企业家、官员、移民和村民的深入访谈，本研究认为，外部城市化经历了范式转变和不均衡的转型模式。一些城镇（如虎门和长安）由于低技能移徙劳工和劳动密集型企业的故意脱钩而出现停滞，而另一些城镇（如松山湖）则在国内技术型企业和高技能劳动力的战略性回报的推动下发展成为高科技区。本研究为未来在不断变化的全球-地方动态中的产业结构调整和城市转型研究提供了新的途径。
The Global Education Reform Movement (GERM) is expanding internationally and reaching countries that seemed to be immune to this education reform approach until quite recently. Accordingly, more and ...more educational systems in the world are articulated around three main policy principles: accountability, standards and decentralisation. National large-scale assessments (NLSAs) are a core component of the GERM; these assessments are increasingly used for accountability purposes as well as to ensure that schools achieve and promote centrally defined and evaluable learning standards. In this paper, we explore these trends on the basis of a new and original database on NLSAs, as well as on data coming from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) questionnaires. In the paper we also discuss how different theories on policy dissemination/globalisation explain the international spread of NLSAs and test-based accountability worldwide, and reflect on the potential of a political sociology approach to analyse this globalising phenomenon.
This paper discusses options to manage spillovers of unilateral trade policies motivated by national security and other non‐economic objectives on global trade and investment. Within the WTO ...framework, we argue a ‘specific trade concern’ mechanism is likely to be more effective than dispute settlement to address national security‐motivated trade intervention. More broadly, we propose creation of a platform for governments, supported by relevant international organisations, to enhance transparency and assess the effectiveness and magnitude of the spillover effects of trade/related policies of systemic import. This would serve to help identify efficient instruments to achieve economic and non‐economic goals and inform WTO reform discussions on subsidies and discriminatory trade policies. Plurilateral cooperation among like‐minded nations offers a pragmatic pathway to address spillover effects of policies to achieve security and other non‐economic objectives but requires a stronger governance framework to ensure consistency with an open multilateral trading system.
A food regime genealogy McMichael, Philip
The Journal of peasant studies,
20/1/1/, Letnik:
36, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Food regime analysis emerged to explain the strategic role of agriculture and food in the construction of the world capitalist economy. It identifies stable periods of capital accumulation associated ...with particular configurations of geopolitical power, conditioned by forms of agricultural production and consumption relations within and across national spaces. Contradictory relations within food regimes produce crisis, transformation, and transition to successor regimes. This 'genealogy' traces the development of food regime analysis in relation to historical and intellectual trends over the past two decades, arguing that food regime analysis underlines agriculture's foundational role in political economy/ecology.
This paper adopts a target zone approach to analyse and interpret the current phase of slowdown, if not retreat, of economic globalisation. A ‘honeymoon’ emerges when a credible limit is imposed on ...its economic and social costs. Conversely, if the upper cost threshold is not set credibly, a ‘divorce’ from economic globalisation emerges earlier than if no target is taken into account. Such a second case represents the recent events.
The establishment of the European Union (EU) is the most visible demonstration of the impact of globalisation on economic growth. This study aims to clarify the impacts of globalisation on economic ...growth in the EU region. Based on panel data analysis with statistics collected from twenty-seven European Union member states continuously for the years 2004 to 2018, the results from the research show that globalisation in general and its all three dimensions including economic, political, and social globalisation have positive impacts on economic growth. Political globalisation has a lower impact level than the other aspects. This is the first research using three dimensions of the KOF Globalisation Index to examine the impact of globalisation on the EU-27 area and it does verify the impact of political and social globalisation on economic growth, in addition to the previous controversy about the impacts of these two aspects.
Abstract
Standing at a crossroads, where ongoing ‘slowbalisation’ coincides with new forces such as the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, heightened geopolitical tensions, the emergence of ...disruptive technologies and the increasing urgency of addressing environmental challenges, many important questions remain unsolved regarding the nature and impact of the current economic globalisation. This special issue on ‘Globalisation in Reverse? Reconfiguring the Geographies of Value Chains and Production Networks’ aims at showcasing recent work that seeks to contribute to, and advance, the debates on economic globalisation and the reconfiguration of global value chains and production networks. This introductory article has three objectives: first, based on a broad literature review, we aim to identify four key forces, as well as the fundamental relatively stable capitalist logics contributing to the complex reconfiguration of global economic activities. Second, we will position the papers included in this special issue against the four main forces identified and discuss the contributions of each article to capture some emerging cross-paper patterns among them. Finally, we outline the contours of a research agenda that suggests promising avenues for further investigation of the phenomenon of value chain and production network reconfigurations in times of uncertainty.
Since the work of Hoyt in the 1930s, economic theories of urban development have stressed the primacy of manufacturing because of the existence of a regional multiplier effect. This model was ...extended to traded services and, in the last 10 years, to the residential and presential economy, taking into account the fact that mobile consumers and residents also bring monetary flows into regions. The city today is both a productive agglomeration and a place of living, for both local and extra-local consumers, heralding the end of the primacy of manufacturing. In this article, we go a step further and consider the primacy of other kinds of export, either based on selling competitive goods or on attracting consumers. Due to changes in globalisation and to the rise of interurban competition for spending, incomes earned on exports are less and less likely to be spent locally, and instead flow out, progressively invalidating the multiplier effect. Consequently, the hypothesis of this article is that the main issue for urban development theories and practices is combining competitiveness in terms of exports with attractiveness to local as well as to external consumers. In this article, we call complexity the idea of pushing aside the focus on exports in order to understand the tensions and synergies between all activities and populations present within the urban space. In order to formulate new research questions, we build a typology of urban income flows and activities.
Research background:
Globalisation is nowadays phenomenon which affects all economic sectors. The pros and cons of globalisation can also be observed in the case of forestry and forest-based complex ...in Slovakia. Timber trade and market follows the theory of derived demand, which means that demand for wood depends on the demand for final products. We can observe a significant impact of globalisation on changes in the use of wood from traditional to new ecological and sustainable use. Since 1993 the consumption of industrial roundwood in Slovakia has increased by almost 185%.
Purpose of the article:
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of globalisation on the consumption of coniferous and non-coniferous industrial roundwood in Slovakia, and to determine the relationship between the consumption of industrial roundwood and trends of globalisation trends in Slovakia.
Methods:
The development of KOF globalization index was analysed in the period 2003 to 2018. In addition, the development of the consumption of coniferous and non-coniferous industrial roundwood was examined. The correlation analysis and linear regression were used to analyse the relationship between the KOF globalisation index and development of consumption of coniferous and non-coniferous industrial roundwood in Slovakia.
Findings & Value added:
The results of correlation analysis show statistically significant relationship between globalisation and the development of consumption of industrial roundwood in Slovakia. We can conclude that the development of globalisation has more significant impact on consumption of non-coniferous industrial roundwood than on consumption of coniferous industrial roundwood.
Education Policy Olssen, Mark; Codd, John A; O′Neill, Anne-Marie
SAGE Publications (UK),
2004, 2004-00-00, 2004-06-08
eBook, Book
`This is the new policy bible for educationalists - it is at once systematic, provocative and instructive′ - Michael A Peters, Research Professor, University of Glasgow This book provides an ...international perspective on education policy, and of the role and function of education in the global economy. The authors present a Foucauldian perspective on the politics of liberal education, within a theoretical framework necessary for the critical analysis of education policy.
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