Ten years of spasers and plasmonic nanolasers Azzam, Shaimaa I; Kildishev, Alexander V; Ma, Ren-Min ...
Light, science & applications,
05/2020, Letnik:
9, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ten years ago, three teams experimentally demonstrated the first spasers, or plasmonic nanolasers, after the spaser concept was first proposed theoretically in 2003. An overview of the significant ...progress achieved over the last 10 years is presented here, together with the original context of and motivations for this research. After a general introduction, we first summarize the fundamental properties of spasers and discuss the major motivations that led to the first demonstrations of spasers and nanolasers. This is followed by an overview of crucial technological progress, including lasing threshold reduction, dynamic modulation, room-temperature operation, electrical injection, the control and improvement of spasers, the array operation of spasers, and selected applications of single-particle spasers. Research prospects are presented in relation to several directions of development, including further miniaturization, the relationship with Bose-Einstein condensation, novel spaser-based interconnects, and other features of spasers and plasmonic lasers that have yet to be realized or challenges that are still to be overcome.
Lean Startup: a comprehensive historical review Bortolini, Rafael Fazzi; Nogueira Cortimiglia, Marcelo; Danilevicz, Angela de Moura Ferreira ...
Management decision,
08/2021, Letnik:
59, Številka:
8
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Purpose
The primary goal of a startup is to find a viable business model that can generate value for its customers while being effectively captured by the startup itself. This business model, ...however, is not easily defined, being a consequence of the application of tools involving trials, data analyses and testing. The Lean Startup (LS) methodology proposes a process for agile and iterative validation of business models. Given the popularity and importance of such methodology in professional circles, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a historical literature review of existing academic and professional literature, correlating LS concepts and activities to previous theory and alternative business model validation methods.
Design/methodology/approach
A historically oriented systematic literature review employing snowball sampling was conducted in order to identify academic and professional literature and references for iterative validation of business models. A total of 12 scholarly journals and professional magazines dealing with strategy, innovation, entrepreneurship, startups and management were used as data sources. The extensive literature review resulted in 963 exploratory readings and 118 papers fully analyzed.
Findings
The results position the LS as a practical-oriented and up-to-date implementation of strategies based on the Learning School of strategy making and the effectuation approach to entrepreneurship; the authors also identify a number of methods and tools that can complement the LS principles.
Originality/value
This paper identified and synthesized the scientific, academic and professional foundations that precede, support and complement the main concepts, processes and methods advocated by the LS methodology.
Summarizes some of the highlights and points out certain special features that characterize the collection development of East Asian-language materials in North American libraries at different stages ...from 1869-1975. (Author)
The Stanford classification of aortic dissection was described in 1970. The classification proposed that type A aortic dissection should be surgically repaired immediately, whereas type B aortic ...dissection can be treated medically. Since then, diagnostic tools and management of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) have undergone substantial evolution. This paper evaluated historical changes of ATAAD repair at Stanford University since the establishment of the aortic dissection classification 50 years ago. The surgical approaches to the proximal and distal extent of the aorta, cerebral perfusion methods, and cannulation strategies were reviewed. Additional analyses using patients who underwent ATAAD repair at Stanford University from 1967 through December 2019 were performed to further illustrate the Stanford experience in the management of ATAAD. While technical complexity increased over time, post-operative survival continued to improve. Further investigation is warranted to delineate factors associated with the improved outcomes observed in this study.
Type A Aortic Dissection—Experience Over 5 Decades Zhu, Yuanjia; Lingala, Bharathi; Baiocchi, Michael ...
Journal of the American College of Cardiology,
10/2020, Letnik:
76, Številka:
14
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The Stanford classification of aortic dissection was described in 1970. The classification proposed that type A aortic dissection should be surgically repaired immediately, whereas type B aortic ...dissection can be treated medically. Since then, diagnostic tools and management of acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) have undergone substantial evolution. This paper evaluated historical changes of ATAAD repair at Stanford University since the establishment of the aortic dissection classification 50 years ago. The surgical approaches to the proximal and distal extent of the aorta, cerebral perfusion methods, and cannulation strategies were reviewed. Additional analyses using patients who underwent ATAAD repair at Stanford University from 1967 through December 2019 were performed to further illustrate the Stanford experience in the management of ATAAD. While technical complexity increased over time, post-operative survival continued to improve. Further investigation is warranted to delineate factors associated with the improved outcomes observed in this study.
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•Patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection should undergo immediate surgical repair.•Despite technical complexity, clinical outcomes after surgical repair of ATAAD have improved over time.•Additional research is needed to define patient subsets who benefit from aggressive versus conservative surgical management.
Purpose: The purpose is to make reflections from a historical, conceptual and comparative review on goodwill in one hundred years of accounting theory, still considered a difficult topic with the ...theoretical and normative evolution.
Methodology: Theoretical essay produced from an integrative qualitative literature review. It presents the theoretical evolution and challenges observed by theorists and regulators since the seminal study “Accounting Theory” by William Paton (1922).
Results: The relevance attributed to goodwill goes far beyond the concepts and criteria for recognition and measurement. Its interpretation and processing are influenced by cognitive aspects, economic interests, and in a moment of economic crisis, debates on the topic are intensified, motivated by stakeholders’ concerns, regulators and theorists, the same in one hundred years of evolution. So, the future of goodwill is undefined.
Contributions of the Study: The historical and comparative analysis, limited in the choice of the references on the subject, contributes to confirm the subjectivity and absence of conceptual, normative and practical consensus for goodwill, thus there aren't right or wrong among theorists and regulators. The scenario of high volatility in the capital markets during Covid-19 pandemic, for example, arose new theoretical discussions about the quantum and multidisciplinary dimension and the possible return of Accounting practices used in the past. Therefore, the relevance of goodwill requires that not only regulators establish rules, but that theoretical and practical ethically contribute to the debate.
Over a course of centuries, various food processing technologies have been explored and implemented to provide safe, fresher-tasting and nutritive food products. Among these technologies, application ...of emerging food processes (e.g., cold plasma, pressurized fluids, pulsed electric fields, ohmic heating, radiofrequency electric fields, ultrasonics and megasonics, high hydrostatic pressure, high pressure homogenization, hyperbaric storage, and negative pressure cavitation extraction) have attracted much attention in the past decades. This is because, compared to their conventional counterparts, novel food processes allow a significant reduction in the overall processing times with savings in energy consumption, while ensuring food safety, and ample benefits for the industry. Noteworthily, industry and university teams have made extensive efforts for the development of novel technologies, with sound scientific knowledge of their effects on different food materials. The main objective of this review is to provide a historical account of the extensive efforts and inventions in the field of emerging food processing technologies since their inception to present day.
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•Food preservation aspects, from the beginning with heat and cold storage discussed•The concept of hurdle technologies described•A historical review of emerging technologies over the 21st century is presented.
is one of the most commonly reported foodborne human bacterial gastrointestinal pathogens.
is the etiological agent of campylobacteriosis, which is generally a self-limited illness and therefore does ...not require treatment. However, when patients are immunocompromised or have other co-morbidities, antimicrobial treatment may be necessary for clinical treatment of campylobacteriosis, macrolides and fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choices. However, the increase in antimicrobial resistance of
to clinically important antibiotics may become insurmountable. Because of the transmission between poultry and humans, the poultry industry must now allocate resources to address the problem by reducing
as well as antimicrobial use, which may reduce resistance. This review will focus on the incidence of antibiotic-resistant
in poultry, the clinical consequences of this resistance, and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance associated with
.
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