This book assesses the impacts of COVID-19 on the Indonesian economy, particularly on employment, education, poverty, trade, and macro economy. The book explains how fiscal and monetary stimulus work ...and the roles of local governments in managing stimulus. It also presents ways to recovery and lessons learnt from countries that have found success in mitigating the economic impacts of the pandemic (China, Germany, Singapore, and Vietnam). This book will be a useful reference for policy makers, scholars, students, and public audience working or having interest in the fields of development economics, trade, health economics, economics, and East Asia.
The people of Myanmar were struck by three major human rights
disasters during the country's period of democratization from 2003
to 2012: the 2007 Saffron Revolution, the aftermath of Cyclone
Nargis ...in 2008, and the 2012 Rakhine riots, which would evolve into
the ongoing Rohingya crisis. These events saw Myanmar's government
categorically labeled as an offender of human rights, and three
powerful Southeast Asian member states-Indonesia, Thailand, and
Malaysia-responded to the violations in very different ways. In
each case, their responses to the crises were explicitly shaped by
norm conflict, which may be understood as a tension between
international and domestic norms. Their reactions were compelled by
a need to address conflicting domestic and international
expectations for norm compliance regarding human rights protection
and non-interference in internal affairs.
In Norms in Conflict: Southeast Asia's Response to
Human Rights Violations in Myanmar, Anchalee Rüland makes
sense of state action that occurs when a governing body is faced
with a circumstance that is at once in line with and contrary to
its own governing policies. She defines five different types of
response strategies to situations of norm conflict and examines the
enabling factors that lead to each strategy. Domestic norms are
known to evolve as a country's values change over time yet Rüland
argues that the old and new norms may also coexist; knowledge of
the underlying political context is crucial for those seeking a
solid understanding of state behavior. Norms in Conflict
challenges the conventional understanding of the logic of
consequences in determining state behavior, advancing
constructivist theory and establishing a provocative new
conversation in international relations discourse.
Zaradi močnega vala urbanizacije in omejenih možnosti formalne zaposlitve v velikih azijskih mestih se čedalje bolj krepi ulična prodaja, ki je zaradi neodobrene uporabe javnega prostora pogosto ...sporna in nezakonita. Nedeljska tržnica v Kuteku v indonezijski občini Depok se je morala z lokacije zraven univerze, na kateri je bilo običajno polno ljudi, preseliti v razmeroma odmaknjeno stanovanjsko sosesko, kjer pa prodajalci še vedno precej dobro poslujejo. Študija primera, predstavljena v tem članku, temelji na obsežnih terenskih opazovanjih in intervjujih ter pojasnjuje, kako je bila izbrana nova lokacija tržnice in kako je prostorsko urejena, da lahko zadovoljuje potrebe prodajalcev, stanovalcev in kupcev. V članku je predstavljeno, kako so stanovalci in prodajalci razvili inovativen, odprt in samoorganiziran sistem upravljanja tržnice, ki se prilagaja spreminjajočemu se številu in lastnostim prodajalcev in kupcev. Čeprav sistem velja za učinkovito orodje, ki omogoča uspevanje sive ekonomije, zaradi omejenih načrtovalskih zmožnosti zahteva sodelovanje z drugimi deležniki, na podlagi česar se lahko rešujejo nepričakovani izzivi. Sodelovanje med deležniki je povečalo koristi in zmanjšalo slabosti sive ekonomije v javnem prostoru.
Ecology of a Tool Perequin, Pierre
2020, 20200430, 2020-04-30, Letnik:
8
eBook
New Guinea, and especially Papua New Guinea, is the last country in the world where ethnologists were able to closely observe, film and photograph the wholemanufacturing chaînes opératoires of ...polished stone felling tools, from quarryextraction to finished tool use. Research on the polished blades of PNG has evolvedover the years, following changing philosophies and research agendas. While it is clearthat an exceptional sum of information has been gathered, it remains centered on thatsmall part of the Highlands where conditions for field research were more pleasantthan elsewhere. Our presentation of Irian Jaya axes therefore tackles a topic thatremains mostly unexplored.Until now, stone tool research in New Guinea has followed an anthropocentricapproach, in which tools are seen more as vectors for social exchanges than as meansof acting on the environment. This monograph will take a different approach. Here,polished stone blades are placed at the center of the world, between, on one side, thetransformed natural environment, and, on the other, the social and economicenvironment. This approach will allow us to suggest new avenues of inference inarchaeology, as well as to test and abandon existing ones.In this volume, the stone blade is considered as a living being, existing in balancewithin its biotope. This idea is not far removed from the beliefs of Irian Jaya farmers,for whom life animates certain objects of their material culture.Following a brief presentation of Irian Jaya, we will describe the function of polishedstone blades in Irian Jaya societies and the distribution of hafting styles, define andstudy the quarrying zones and the areas of diffusion and use of their production, and,if possible, the different trends noted in each area of polished blade production andexchanges. Finally, we will conclude with a discussion of the ethnoarchaeologicalpotential of these contemporary observations.
This book examines how style and intersubjective meanings emerge through language use. While numerous studies on youth language focus on face-to-face interaction, this book draws data from ...conversation, e-forums, teen fiction, and comics to offer an integrated account of language change in a community in flux.
This report explores the challenges and opportunities for enhancing cross-border cooperation and integration between Indonesia---specifically the province of Nusa Tenggara Timur---and Timor-Leste. It ...is based on the findings of a study undertaken at the request of the governments of Indonesia and Timor-Leste and reflects their mutual appreciation of the benefits that greater cross-border trade, investment, and cooperative production contribute to socioeconomic development. The report focuses on transport connectivity, trade, business and investment, tourism, and livestock. It makes immediate and long-term recommendations to inform the design of future activities to support cross-border cooperation between the two countries.
This book presents an important and original collation of current material investigating the efficient facilitation of major infrastructure projects in Indonesia and Australia, with an emphasis on ...infrastructure investment and a focus on port planning and development. This interdisciplinary collection-spanning the disciplines of engineering, law and planning-draws helpfully on a range of practical and theoretical perspectives. It is the collaborative effort of leading experts in the fields of infrastructure project initiation and financing, and is based on international research conducted by the University of Melbourne, Universitas Indonesia and Universitas Gadjah Mada. The volume opens with a macroscopic perspective, outlining the broader economic situations confronting Indonesia and Australia, before adopting a more microscopic perspective to closely examine the issues surrounding major infrastructure investment in both countries. Detailed case studies are provided, key challenges are identified, and evidence-based solutions are offered. These solutions respond to such topical issues as how to overcome delays in infrastructure project initiation; how to enhance project decision-making for the selection and evaluation of projects; how to improve overall efficiency in the arrangement of project finance and governance; and how to increase the return provided by investment in infrastructure. Special focus is given to proposed improvements to the portal cities of Indonesia in the areas of major infrastructure project governance, policies, engagement, opera on and processes. By rigorously investigating the economic, transport, finance and policy aspects of infrastructure investment, this book will be a valuable resource for policy makers and government officials in Indonesia and Australia, infrastructure investment organisations, and companies involved in exporting services between Indonesia and Australia. This book will also be of interest to researchers and students of infrastructure planning and financing, setting a solid foundation for subsequent investigations of financing options for large-scale infrastructure developments.
Indonesia suffered an explosion of religious violence, ethnic violence, separatist violence, terrorism, and violence by criminal gangs, the security forces and militias in the late 1990s and early ...2000s. By 2002 Indonesia had the worst terrorism problem of any nation. All these forms of violence have now fallen dramatically. How was this accomplished? What drove the rise and the fall of violence? Anomie theory is deployed to explain these developments. Sudden institutional change at the time of the Asian financial crisis and the fall of President Suharto meant the rules of the game were up for grabs. Valerie Braithwaite’s motivational postures theory is used to explain the gaming of the rules and the disengagement from authority that occurred in that era. Ultimately resistance to Suharto laid a foundation for commitment to a revised, more democratic, institutional order. The peacebuilding that occurred was not based on the high-integrity truth-seeking and reconciliation that was the normative preference of these authors. Rather it was based on non-truth, sometimes lies, and yet substantial reconciliation. This poses a challenge to restorative justice theories of peacebuilding.
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