High-level information fusion is the ability of a fusion system to capture awareness and complex relations, reason over past and future events, utilize direct sensing exploitations and tacit reports, ...and discern the usefulness and intention of results to meet system-level goals. This authoritative book serves a practical reference for developers, designers, and users of data fusion services that must relate the most recent theory to real-world applications. This unique volume provides alternative methods to represent and model various situations and describes design component implementations of fusion systems. Designers find expert guidance in applying current theories, selecting algorithms and software components, and measuring expected performance of high-level fusion systems.
Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski ...traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the late eighteenth century, the card catalog became the librarian's answer to the threat of information overload. Then, at the turn of the twentieth century, business adopted the technology of the card catalog as a bookkeeping tool. Krajewski explores this conceptual development and casts the card file as a "universal paper machine" that accomplishes the basic operations of Turing's universal discrete machine: storing, processing, and transferring data. In telling his story, Krajewski takes the reader on a number of illuminating detours, telling us, for example, that the card catalog and the numbered street address emerged at the same time in the same city (Vienna), and that Harvard University's home-grown cataloging system grew out of a librarian's laziness; and that Melvil Dewey (originator of the Dewey Decimal System) helped bring about the technology transfer of card files to business.
This study aims to find out about the process of activities from the beginning to the end about the management and organization of information held at the Information Technology Faculty of Satya ...Wacana Christian University in Salatiga. This study This study used a qualitative approach using the case study method. One interesting thing to do is that in the management activities of stored information various kinds of documents result from various activities of the academic community. Documents and information held by the Information Technology Faculty are divided into 2 groups. The first group is an archival document and the second group is a library document. This research focuses on managing library documents. In implementing this management and information organization activities, the SWCU Information Technology Faculty formed a task force under the name of the Center for Documentation and Scientific Information. The main task of the task unit is to plan, carry out and make reports on the implementation of tasks. The results of this study that the organization and retrieval of information and documents using the information system diagramming framework introduced by Doyle. Some of the problems that were encountered were that the space available for this activity was incomplete and was still waiting for the purchase or procurement of various equipment to support the creation of better and more adequate information organizing activities.
Dealing with information is one of the vital skills in the twenty-first century. It takes a fair degree of information savvy to create, represent and supply information as well as to search for and ...retrieve relevant knowledge. This Handbook is a basic work of information science, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of information retrieval and knowledge representation.
Cruising the Library examines the ways in which library classifications have organized sexuality and sexual perversion. The author studies the Library of Congress Subject Headings and Classification, ...as well as the Library of Congress's Delta Collection, a restricted collection of obscenity until 1964.
We are so accustomed to use digital memories as data storage devices, that we are oblivious to the improbability of such a practice. Habit hides what we habitually use. To understand the worldwide ...success of archives and card indexing systems that allow to remember more because they allow to forget more than before, the evolution of scholarly practices and the transformation of cognitive habits in the early modern age must be investigated. This volume contains contributions by nearly every distinguished scholar in the field of early modern knowledge management and filing systems, and offers a remarkable synthesis of the present state of scholarship. A final section explores some current issues in record-keeping and note-taking systems, and provides valuable cues for future research.
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how individuals' personal information organization reflects their social environments in order to understand social aspects of personal information ...organization.Design/methodology/approachBy using a cognitive sociological approach and based on the personal information organization process (PIOP) model (Oh, 2019), this study investigates the social aspects of personal information organization by analyzing the pre-diary interview, a diary, and two post-diary interviews conducted with each of the 18 information users in social science academic environments.FindingsSocial dimensions of personal information organization were found in differences between organizing academic and non-academic files, the way participants identified and made distinctions among files, common folders they created, and with the impact of participants' professional age on personal information organization. This study shows that information organization is a process of construction and that the participants' social foundations are reflected in the way they view and organize their files.Originality/valueThis study makes a unique contribution to the field by explaining the social aspects of personal information organization. The findings of this study deepen our knowledge of personal information organization by providing different ways to understand how and why people organize their files in certain ways, and by showing that this is not just individual behavior. In practice, this study provides insight into the design of applications and tools that support personal information management of people in specific social environments.
O presente trabalho visa explanar parte da pesquisa realizada no mestrado em História, Política e Bens Culturais do Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil da Fundação ...Getúlio Vargas, sendo o princípio de um esquema de metadados para documentação de acervos e coleções de arte universitários brasileiros, com base no caso do Centro de Artes da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Para tanto, estabelece-se o cotejamento de normas e diretrizes, comparando os campos e adotando aqueles com maior índice de repetição e alinhamento semântico à especificidade das obras. Como resultado, apresenta-se uma sistematização com o crosswalk realizado a partir de padrões de documentação a nível nacional e internacional, organizando uma proposta para levantamento e registro do acervo artístico universitário. Conclui-se que a recorrência de um metadado demonstra o grau de importância e forma imprescindível, sendo possível criar um modelo consistente e contemporâneo para o registro da informação em arte. Nesse sentido, a partir das questões apresentadas pelo objeto de estudo e em atendimento às necessidades locais pode ser uma alternativa para garantir a aplicabilidade e manutenção do modelo, levando ao início de um pensamento sobre governança de dados.
This paper aims to explain part of the research conducted in the master's degree in History, Politics and Cultural Assets of the Research and Documentation Center of Contemporary History of Brazil of the Getúlio Vargas Foundation, being to the principle of a metadata scheme for documentation of Brazilian university art collections and collections, based on the case of the Arts Center of the Federal University of Espírito Santo. To this end, it is established the comparison of norms and guidelines, comparing the fields and adopting those with a higher index of repetition and semantic alignment to the specificity of the works. As a result, a systematization is presented with the crosswalk performed from national and international documentation standards, organizing a proposal for surveying and registering the university art collection. It is concluded that the recurrence of metadata demonstrates the degree of importance and indispensable form, being possible to create a consistent and contemporary model for the registration of information in art. In this sense, starting from the issues presented by the object of study and meeting local needs can be an alternative to ensure the applicability and maintenance of the model, leading to the beginning of a thought about data governance.
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo explicar parte de la investigación realizada en la maestría en Historia, Política y Bienes Culturales del Centro de Investigación y Documentación de Historia Contemporánea de Brasil de la Fundación Getúlio Vargas, siendo al principio de un esquema de metadatos para la documentación de colecciones y acervos de arte universitario brasileño, basado en el caso del Centro de Arte de la Universidad Federal de Espirito Santo. Para ello, se establece la comparación de normas y directrices, comparando los campos y adoptando aquellos con mayor índice de repetición y alineación semántica a la especificidad de las obras. Como resultado, se presenta una sistematización con el cruce de datos realizado a partir de estándares de documentación a nivel nacional e internacional, organizando una propuesta de relevamiento y registro de la colección de arte universitaria. Se concluye que la recurrencia de metadatos demuestra el grado de importancia y la forma indispensable, siendo posible crear un modelo coherente y contemporáneo para el registro de la información en el arte. En este sentido, partir de las cuestiones que presenta el objeto de estudio y atender a las necesidades locales puede ser una alternativa para garantizar la aplicabilidad y el mantenimiento del modelo, dando lugar al inicio de una reflexión sobre la gobernanza de datos.
Nos últimos anos, tem-se observado considerável adesão das instituições de patrimônio cultural ao processo de digitalização e disponibilização dos dados de seus acervos na internet. No entanto, a ...qualidade desses dados deve ser mensurada. Para isso, este trabalho busca avaliar a adequação das coleções museológicas disponibilizadas online pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Museus quanto ao uso de um vocabulário controlado, de acordo com as orientações do guia de catalogação de objetos culturais de referência, o Cataloging of Cultural Objects. Foi realizado o alinhamento dos metadados utilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Museus e o guia de catalogação; em sequência, foi desenvolvido um script em Python para processamento dos dados das coleções e calculada a adequação à recomendação ao uso de vocabulário controlado. Os resultados apontam que apenas 5 dos 9 elementos recomendados utilizam vocabulário controlado. Além disso, apesar de essas coleções estarem sob gestão do Instituto Brasileiro de Museus, as práticas de catalogação não estão alinhadas entre as instituições. Recomenda-se, portanto, que sejam incorporadas práticas de catalogação baseadas em instrumentos de referência na modelagem de metadados das coleções museológicas sob gestão do Instituto Brasileiro de Museus, visando qualificar os padrões de documentação em uso atualmente.
In recent years, there has been a considerable trend of cultural heritage institutions joining the process of digitizing and making their collection data available on the internet. However, the quality of this data must be measured. To this end, this study seeks to evaluate the adequacy of the online museum collections made available by the Brazilian Institute of Museums regarding the use of a controlled vocabulary, according to the guidelines of the Cataloging of Cultural Objects reference guide. The metadata used by the Brazilian Institute of Museums was aligned with the cataloging guide; subsequently, a Python script was developed to process the collection data and calculate the adequacy to the recommendation of using a controlled vocabulary. The results indicate that only 5 of the recommended 9 elements use a controlled vocabulary. Additionally, despite these collections being managed by the Brazilian Institute of Museums, cataloging practices are not aligned between institutions. Therefore, it is recommended that cataloging practices based on reference instruments be incorporated into the metadata modeling of museum collections managed by the Brazilian Institute of Museums, with the aim of improving the documentation standards currently in use.
En los últimos años, se ha observado una considerable adhesión de las instituciones de patrimonio cultural al proceso de digitalización y disponibilización de los datos de sus acervos en internet. Sin embargo, la calidad de estos datos debe ser medida. Para ello, este trabajo busca evaluar la adecuación de las colecciones museológicas disponibles en línea por el Instituto Brasileño de Museos en cuanto al uso de un vocabulario controlado, de acuerdo con las orientaciones de la guía de catalogación de objetos culturales de referencia, el Cataloging of Cultural Objects. Se realizó el alineamiento de los metadatos utilizados por el Instituto Brasileño de Museos y la guía de catalogación; a continuación, se desarrolló un script en Python para procesamiento de los datos de las colecciones y se calculó la adecuación a la recomendación del uso de vocabulario controlado. Los resultados indican que sólo 5 de los 9 elementos recomendados utilizan vocabulario controlado. Además, aunque estas colecciones están bajo la gestión del Instituto Brasileño de Museos, las prácticas de catalogación no están alineadas entre las instituciones. Se recomienda, por lo tanto, que se incorporen prácticas de catalogación basadas en instrumentos de referencia en la modelación de metadatos de las colecciones museológicas bajo gestión del Instituto Brasileño de Museos, con el objetivo de calificar los estándares de documentación en uso actualmente.
Cadec: A corpus of adverse drug event annotations Karimi, Sarvnaz; Metke-Jimenez, Alejandro; Kemp, Madonna ...
Journal of biomedical informatics,
June 2015, 2015-Jun, 2015-06-00, 20150601, Letnik:
55
Journal Article
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•Introduction of CADEC an annotated corpus of consumer reviews in pharmacovigilance.•A review and comparison of available relevant resources.•Challenges and lessons from the process ...of creating such resources.
CSIRO Adverse Drug Event Corpus (Cadec) is a new rich annotated corpus of medical forum posts on patient-reported Adverse Drug Events (ADEs). The corpus is sourced from posts on social media, and contains text that is largely written in colloquial language and often deviates from formal English grammar and punctuation rules. Annotations contain mentions of concepts such as drugs, adverse effects, symptoms, and diseases linked to their corresponding concepts in controlled vocabularies, i.e., SNOMED Clinical Terms and MedDRA. The quality of the annotations is ensured by annotation guidelines, multi-stage annotations, measuring inter-annotator agreement, and final review of the annotations by a clinical terminologist. This corpus is useful for studies in the area of information extraction, or more generally text mining, from social media to detect possible adverse drug reactions from direct patient reports. The corpus is publicly available at https://data.csiro.au.1The data can be used for research purposes only, under the CSIRO data licence.1
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