The Croatian National Day was a manifestation organised by the emigrant Croatian Peasant Party, which began to be held in 1946 in the southern part of the Canadian province of Ontario, where it also ...represented the largest concentration of Croatian emigrants in Canada. The manifestation was launched so that Croatian emigrants could socialise and entertain each other, but also took on a political character, gathering funds for ‘Dr Vladko Maček’s Fund for the Freedom of Croatia’, which was headed by the Main Committee of the Canadian Croatian Peasant Party and at the disposal of the party’s president, Vladko Maček. Starting in 1950, manifestations also began to be held in northern Ontario and Belgium. The organisation of manifestations soon spread to the Pacific coast of North America, so that Croatian National Days were held in Portland from 1953 to 1964 and in Vancouver from 1958 to the end of the studied period. Significant Croatian National Day events were also held in Cleveland from 1962 to the mid-1980s. Croatian national consciousness was expressed at the manifestations, which was highlighted in the Peasant Party’s promotional activities before the manifestations, but also at the manifestations themselves, when holy masses were served for the June victims, Archbishop Aloysius Stepinac, and the Bleiburg victims. National consciousness was promoted by displaying flags with Croatian national symbols and promoting Croatian traditional clothing as well as a cultural-artistic programme carried out at the manifestation itself. Peasant Party members also used the manifestation for spreading their political messages, demanding a free and independent Croatia, at the same criticising the Yugoslav regime as Communist, undemocratic, and dictatorial, and claiming the people were prisoners in their own homeland. The political character of the manifestation was also apparent in the presence of guests, who were mostly Croatian émigré politicians and local politicians, who held their speeches during the official part. Apart from Croatian national consciousness, Croatian emigrants in Canada and the USA expressed their loyalty and respect towards their new homelands, holding manifestations on their respective Independence Days. As regards the number of attendees, one can presume that tens of thousands of Croatian emigrants from Canada, the USA, and Belgium participated at the manifestations in the 1945–90 period.
O razlozima iseljavanja iz Hrvatske do sada se najčešće pisalo s aspekta
politike useljavanja u pojedine države, a manje politike iseljavanja iz
domovine. Ovim se radom stoga žele pokazati razvojne ...faze iseljeničkoga
režima u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji/Hrvatskoj, što će se pratiti preko
angažmana mjerodavnih institucija u Hrvatskoj s posebnim naglaskom na ulogu Komisije za iseljenička pitanja. U analizi će poslužiti fondovi Hrvatskoga državnog arhiva vezani uz institucije (uprava i javne službe), pisma iseljenika za emisiju Radio-televizije Zagreb „Našim građanima u svijetu”, kao i anketni upitnici radnika na privremenom radu
u Saveznoj Republici Njemačkoj. Na temelju navedenih izvora želi se dokazati da se vlast u socijalističkoj Hrvatskoj brinula o sudbini iseljenika i povratnika, ali i radnih migranata (gastarbajtera), otvarajući prostor za ono što danas nazivamo javno-privatnim partnerstvom u pružanju usluga migrantima.
The reasons for emigration from Croatia have thus far been analysed mostly from the aspect of immigration policy, but less often from the aspect of the policies of emigration to individual countries. Therefore, it was not even possible to monitor the continuity of Croatian policy towards the emigration, whose connections with previous periods significantly influenced the phases of emigration and return of the population in the socialist period. Precisely for this reason, the aim of this paper is to present a broader picture of the reaction of socialist Yugoslavia/Croatia to the emigration and the return of the population in the period from 1945 to 1970. This was monitored through the reactions of the government and the administrative apparatus (institutions and legislation), with special reference to the involvement of relevant institutions (administrations and public services) in Croatia, which played a key role in organising activities related to emigration and return. Among them, the Commission for Emigrant Issues stood out the most, having one of the more complex roles related to emigration/return observed through its scope, adopting normative acts, and cooperating with other institutions in Croatia (Croatian Heritage Foundation, Radio-Television Zagreb, Institute for Migration, Section of Social Psychology, University of Zagreb). Of particular interest was the cooperation with the last on the development of an emigrant survey, which was the beginning of sociological, economic, and socio-psychological research on the phenomenon of work outside the homeland (or guest worker experience). Based on the analysis, we prove that the government in socialist Croatia cared about the fate of emigrants and returnees by making room for what we now call public-private partnerships in providing services to emigrants—in other words, that emigration policy played an important role in building a welfare state in Yugoslavia/Croatia. Therefore, the approach to the topic was based on works in the field of social policy, while the analysis was made using the funds of the Croatian State Archives related to institutions (administrations and public services), letters from emigrants for the Radio-Television Zagreb show To Our Citizens in the World, and survey questionnaires for temporary workers in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Most of what has been written about the recent history of Yugoslavia and the fierce wars that have plagued that country has been produced by journalists, political analysts, diplomats, human rights ...organization, the United Nations, and other government and intergovernmental organizations. Professional historians of Yugoslavia, however, have been strangely silent about the wars and the breakup of the country. This book is an effort to end that silence. The goal of this volume is to bring together insights from a distinguished group of American and European scholars of Yugoslavia to add depth to our historical understanding of that country's recent struggles. The first part of the volume examines the ways in which images of the Yugoslav past have shaped current understandings of the region. The second part deals more directly with the events of the recent past and also looks forward to some of the problems and future prospects for Yugoslavia's successor states.
U članku autorica analizira neizvedeni projekt robne kuća „Na-Ma“ u naselju Trnje u Zagrebu iz 1960. godine. Planiran kao dio novog centra socijalističkog Zagreba, ovaj projekt pruža uvid u ...profesionalni kontekst razmišljanja o robnim kućama kao modernim trgovačkim prostorima i specifičnim arhitektonskim tipovima, kao i u kontekst ekonomskih i društvenih uvjeta koji su definirali procese planiranja i izgradnje robnih kuća, moderne trgovačke mreže i urbanog prostora u Zagrebu u razdoblju socijalističke Jugoslavije ranih 1960-ih godina. Autorica tvrdi kako nerealizirani projekt robne kuće „Na-Ma“ kroz sferu moderne trgovine prikazuje ambicije i izazove prisutne u arhitektonskom i urbanističkom projektiranju, kao i u procesima odlučivanja i financiranja na razini grada, te na taj način detaljnije razotkriva funkcioniranje decentraliziranog jugoslavenskog ekonomskog i administrativnog sustava u Zagrebu u spomenutom razdoblju.
Autor na temelju relevantne literature i (ne)poznatih izvora prikazuje djelovanje Giuseppea Masuccija kao tajnika apostolskog poslanika za vrijeme Nezavisne Države Hrvatske i u prvoj godini ...komunističke Jugoslavije. U radu se posebno analiziraju do sada neistraženi dokumenti koji se nalaze u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu (fond Službe državne sigurnosti), a koji su rezultat rada jugoslavenskih tajnih službi za vrijeme nadzora i obrade Giuseppea Masuccija. Također, na istome mjestu nalazi se i do sada nepoznata inačica prijevoda Masuccijeva dnevnika, koja se na brojnim mjestima ne podudara s onom objavljenom 1967. u Madridu. Autor pokazuje kako se bez cjelovitog prikaza Masuccijeva djelovanja ne može ispravno zaključivati ne samo o djelovanju zagrebačkog nadbiskupa Stepinca nego ni općenito o državno-crkvenim odnosima u promatranom razdoblju.
The complexity of the Yugoslav communist government’s attitude towards the Catholic Church under the creation of a new socialist socio-political system is the topic that will be discussed in this ...paper based on the analysis of the press’s attitude towards the Catholic Church in the period from 1952 to 1970. Based on the quantitative-qualitative analysis of articles published in the Vinkovci newspaper Novosti in the selected period, we will show the frequency of occurrence results and the context in which the selected keywords for the analysis of the digital version of the newspaper appeared (Catholic Church, priests, religion/religiosity, clergy/clericalism, church, faith, Christianity). Thus, the analysis of the weekly Novosti aims to determine whether we can observe certain changes in the attitude of the press towards the Catholic Church over nineteen years, during which several events took place to question Yugoslavia’s overall attitude towards the Catholic Church (from the severance of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Yugoslavia, the signing of the Protocol, all the way to the re-establishment of diplomatic relations).
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