The Limitations of Duality Camilla Pitton
Feminist philosophy quarterly,
12/2023, Letnik:
9, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The attempt to rearticulate traditional conceptions of nature can be both a useful strategy and a stumbling block when it comes to feminist examinations of the continuity between the objectification ...of women’s bodies and the domination of nature. This paper contributes to existing debates by providing a critique of what I term the “duality view” of nature: a view stipulating that nature is primarily characterised by a stable sexual duality, and advancing that the objectification of women’s bodies arises because the specificity of “femaleness” is ignored and duality is therefore neglected. I focus, specifically, on Alison Stone’s interpretation of Luce Irigaray, insofar as the account emerging from Stone’s interpretation clearly outlines the principles that most versions of the duality view should endorse. I problematise this account by showing that it becomes inconsistent with the critique of objectification which grounds it in the first place. I conclude by advancing that, overall, a view insisting on a natural sexual duality because of normative reasons conflicts with the feminist considerations at its basis. I also suggest that while the present analysis is primarily condemnatory, it can contribute to the development of feminist philosophies of nature by fleshing out avoidable pitfalls.
We model a boundedly rational agent who suffers from limited attention. The agent considers each feasible alternative with a given (unobservable) probability, the attention parameter, and then ...chooses the alternative that maximizes a preference relation within the set of considered alternatives. We show that this random choice rule is the only one for which the impact of removing an alternative on the choice probability of any other alternative is asymmetric and menu independent. Both the preference relation and the attention parameters are identified uniquely by stochastic choice data.
This study introduces two methods for estimating the number of clusters specially designed to identify the number of groups in a finite population of objects or items ranked by several judges under ...the assumption that these judges belong to a homogeneous population. The proposed methods are both based on a hierarchical version of the classical Plackett–Luce model in which the number of clusters is set as an additional parameter. These methods do not require continuous score data to be available or restrict the number of clusters to be greater than one or less than the total number of objects, thereby enabling their application in a wide range of scenarios. The results of a large simulation study suggest that the proposed methods outperform well-established methodologies (Calinski & Harabasz, gap, Hartigan, Krzanowski & Lai, jump, and silhouette) as well as some recently proposed approaches (instability, quantization error modeling, slope, and utility). They realize the highest percentages of correct estimates of the number of clusters and the smallest errors compared with these well-established methodologies. We illustrate the proposed methods by analyzing a ranking dataset obtained from Formula One motor racing.
Estudios recientes demuestran que tanto en la práctica de la traducción como en los estudios de traducción la presencia femenina es absolutamente dominante, siendo la mujer un sujeto activo en la ...actividad traductora. Pero también tiene un papel central como autora y, por lo tanto, es a la vez objeto de traducción. Es fundamental, de este modo, examinar el discurso filosófico femenino y el vínculo entre la escritura de las filosofas y la traducción. Además, en la práctica traductora de las obras de las mujeres filósofas, la traducción puede ser utilizada para expresar el derecho de palabra de las estudiosas. El enfoque de la filosofía femenina en la traducción trata de revertir el absolutismo del pensamiento patriarcal colocándose como una práctica de resistencia. Numerosas filósofas, entre las cuales en particular Simone de Beauvoir y Luce Irigaray, atribuyen en sus escritos una importancia notable al poder del discurso femenino. Por lo tanto, se considerará la obra Le Deuxième Sexe de Beauvoir y Speculum. De l’autre femme de Irigaray, para formular un análisis de estos textos filosóficos a través de un enfoque traductor.
The Interval offers the first sustained analysis of the concept grounding Irigaray's thought: the constitutive yet incalculable interval of sexual difference. In an extension of Irigaray's project, ...Hill takes up her formulation of the interval as a way of rereading Aristotle's concept of topos and Bergson's concept of duration.Hill diagnoses a sexed hierarchy at the heart of Aristotle's and Bergson's presentations. Yet beyond that phallocentrism, she points out how Aristotle's theory of topos as a sensible relation between two bodies that differ in being and Bergson's intuition of duration as an incalculable threshold of becoming are indispensable to the feminist effort to think about sexual difference.Reading Irigaray with Aristotle and Bergson, Hill argues that the interval cannot be grasped as a space between two identities; it must be characterized as the sensible threshold of becoming, constitutive of the very identity of beings. The interval is the place of the possibility of sexed subjectivity and intersubjectivity; the interval is also a threshold of the becoming of sexed forces.
Tra la fine degli anni Settanta e l'aprirsi del decennio seguente nelle arti visive si registra un mutamento delle intenzionalità e dei linguaggi, che abitualmente viene riferito alla cultura ...postmoderna. Tra le tante modalità espressive che segnano questo passaggio, riconosciamo l'uso dello schermo come “dispositivo scenico” atto a segnare uno stacco con la realtà e con la soggettività dell’autore, per stimolare una esperienza estetica nello spettatore. In questo senso, le installazioni multimediali realizzate da Ferruccio Ascari tra il 1981 e il 1983 rappresentano un’esperienza significativa. In questi lavori Ascari coniuga la pratica performativa con la proiezione di fotografie e di immagini dipinte, ridisegnando lo spazio percettivo dello spettatore.
The
PLMIX
package offers a comprehensive framework aimed at endowing the
R
statistical environment with some recent methodological advances in modelling and clustering partially ranked data. The ...usefulness of the
PLMIX
package can be motivated from several perspectives: (i) it contributes to fill the gap concerning Bayesian estimation of ranking models in R, by focusing on the Plackett-Luce model and its extension within the finite mixture approach as the generative sampling distribution; (ii) it addresses computational complexity by combining the flexibility of
R
routines and the speed of compiled
C++
code, with possibly parallel execution; (iii) it covers the fundamental phases of ranking data analysis allowing for a more careful and critical application of ranking models in real contexts; (iv) it provides effective tools for clustering heterogeneous partially ranked data. Specific
S3
classes and methods are also supplied to enhance the usability and foster exchange with other packages. The functionality of the novel package is illustrated with several applications to simulated and real datasets.
•·The three-stage super efficiency SBM-DEA model and Malmquist index was used to measure carbon emission efficiency, index and decomposition terms of land use.•·LUCE and its spatial and temporal ...pattern of urban agglomerations in the YREB were discussed from static and dynamic perspectives respectively.•·Environmental variables such as level of economic development, urbanization rate, and industrial structure all have significant effects on input slack value.•·The PTE of the MRYR was relatively low due to insufficient resources in low-carbon technology, while the low TE of the CC is due to its insufficient SE.•·TC was the main factor promoting the improvement of LUCE in the whole basin, and the trend changes of LUCE in the three urban agglomerations was closely related to their management level, technological level, and adjustment of element structure.
Exploring regional differences in land use carbon emission efficiency (LUCE) and the path of collaborative emission reduction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) are of immense importance to achieve the sustainable regional development. Firstly, based on the estimation method of land use carbon emissions, this paper scientifically calculates the carbon emission of land use of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRD), the middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration (MRYR), and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration (CC) from 2010 to 2021 in the YREB. And the carbon emission of land use of each city in urban agglomerations was obtained, which was regarded as the unexpected output in the efficiency evaluation index system. Secondly, the three-stage SBM-DEA model was used to reveal the LUCE and its spatiotemporal characteristics in different regions from a static perspective. The empirical results of the second stage SFA showed that the level of economic development, urbanization rate, industrial structure, non-agricultural conversion rate of agricultural land, the level of scientific and technological innovation and government intervention had significant effects on LUCE. By comparing the efficiency values and their decompositions in the first and third stage of various urban agglomerations, it was found that after eliminating environmental and random factors, the average ranking of comprehensive technical efficiency (TE) of land use carbon emission changed from YRD > MRYR > CC to YRD > CC > MRYR due to the cross influence of pure technical efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE). Thirdly, Malmquist index model was used to analyze the change of total factor productivity index (TFPch) and its spatiotemporal pattern from a dynamic perspective. It was found that the TFPch, technological progress index (TC), pure technical efficiency index (PEC) and scale efficiency index (SEC) of land use carbon emission of the three major urban agglomerations all showed varying degrees of increase after adjustment. Finally, to further analyze the impact of technological progress, PTE and SE on LUCE, a regression model was constructed with LUCE of each city in urban agglomeration as the dependent variable, and TC, PEC and SEC as independent variables. It was concluded that technological progress was the main factor to promote the improvement of LUCE in the whole YREB. The trend of changes of LUCE in various urban agglomerations was closely related to its management level, technology level and factor structure adjustment. The above conclusions provide support for the coordinated emission reduction path of urban agglomerations in the YREB from the perspective of land use, which is conducive to actively and steadily promoting the realization of carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.
Rewriting Difference Elena Tzelepis, Athena Athanasiou / Elena Tzelepis, Athena Athanasiou
2012, 2010
eBook
In this definitive reader, prominent scholars reflect on how Luce Irigaray reads the classic discourse of Western metaphysics and also how she is read within and against this discourse. Her return to ..."the Greeks, " through strategies of deconstructing, demythifying, reconstructing, and remythifying, is not a nostalgic return to the ideality of Hellenocentric antiquity, but rather an affirmatively critical revisiting of this ideality. Her persistent return and affective bond to ancient Greek logos, mythos, and tragedy sheds light on some of the most complex epistemological issues in contemporary theory, such as the workings of criticism, the language of politics and the politics of language, the possibility of social and symbolic transformation, the multiple mediations between metropolitan and postcolonial contexts of theory and practice, the question of the other, and the function of the feminine in Western metaphysics. With a foreword by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak and a chapter by Irigaray responding to her commentators, this book is an essential text for those in social theory, comparative literature, or classics.
PDF
