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•Synthesis of a novel nitrogen and oxygen-doped hierarchical porous carbon for wastewater treatment.•The PDA carbon layer provided abundant oxygen sites and altered the type of ...nitrogen in the material.•Carbonization temperature and etching time had an effect on the structural properties of carbon materials.•The maximum adsorption capacity of MO by UPCH800 (417.34 mg/g) outperformed most reported MOF-derived carbon materials.
MOF-derived carbon materials have garnered significant attention in the field of adsorption due to their abundant porosity, excellent stability, and structural diversity. In this study, nitrogen and oxygen-doped hierarchical porous carbon materials were obtained by carbonizing PDA@UiO-66-NH2 at various temperatures and subsequently etching with hydrofluoric acid for different times. The adsorption capacity of these materials towards bisphenol a (BPA), methyl orange (MO), and methylene blue (MB) was evaluated. The results suggest excessive carbonization temperature and etching time may cause the collapse of the pore structure. In addition, the introduction of a PDA carbon layer can reduce the nitrogen–oxygen ratio and modify the nitrogen species in the materials. Among these materials, UPCH800, which was carbonized at 800 °C followed by etching for 6 h, exhibits the best adsorption performance towards BPA and MO, with a maximum adsorbed amount of 350.51 and 417.34 mg/g respectively. For MB, the maximum adsorption amount is 227.53 mg/g. All adsorptions reach equilibrium within 1 h. Thermodynamic studies reveal that the adsorption of MO by UPCH800 is an entropy-driven adsorption process, while the adsorption of BPA and MB is an enthalpy-driven exothermic process. Based on experimental and characterization results, the primary adsorption mechanisms involve π-π interactions, n-π interactions, pore-filling, and hydrogen bonding between the pollutants and the material. Moreover, UPCH800 exhibits high removal efficiency after 5 adsorption cycles, making it a promising material for the adsorption of BPA and MO.
We summarize recent advances in application of MOFs as therapeutic agents, drug carriers, imaging agents and biosensors in cancer biomedicine. A holistic perspective is adopted to produce a ...comprehensive, critical and readable document useful to a broad community in chemistry, material science, medical fields etc. None of the previous articles adopted a holistic approach focusing on a specific disease or area, such as cancer. MOFs have a tremendous potential in cancer diagnostics and treatment. Although a new field, the amount of literature and data accumulated in this area is vast, quickly growing and requires some systematization and processing. We propose a broad overview of MOF-related literature in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. In our study, we set: (i) to consolidate the most important and up to date information from the field of MOFs applications in medicine, particularly in anticancer therapy; and to reflect these developments in one, comprehensive study, (ii) to highlight new and emerging topics in the field, (iii) to tabulate the large number of the application examples and case studies to make the information more accessible and easy to follow, (iv) and finally, to broadly reflect on the potential of MOFs in application to cancer treatment, including the existing challenges and emerging opportunities.
Exploring and designing efficient, cost-effective, and stable non-noble catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of critical importance for clean energy applications. Metal-organic ...frameworks (MOFs) have recently emerged as promising precursors to construct efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts. Herein, An Assembly of MoMOF/ Zif67/MoMOF as a hybrid of MOF-on-MOF heterostructure has been synthesized. The one dimensional MoMOF was used as precursor to continue the step-by-step synthesis. In order to overwhelm the poor electrical conductivity the synthesized MOF-on-MOF was carbonized. The electrocatalyst with unique design and properties revealed impressively low onset overpotentials of 44 mV and 68 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 towards HER. It also demonstrated a good working stability for the HER in acidic media could be considered as a good alternative of noble metal electrocatalyst. The designed MoMOF/ Zif67/MoMOF showed a satisfactory result of 154 mV overvoltage at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 may be originate from the synthesis strategy and open a new window to direct use of MOF by MOF-on-MOF design.
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•A ternary MOF-on-MOF was synthesized for the first time.•A one-dimensional ternary MOF presented by growing Zif67 on MoMOF.•The synthesized MoMOF-Zif67-MoMOF shows the remarkable improvement than that MoMOF or Zif67.•The carbonized structure could have tunable morphology and metallic dopant by changing carbonization temperature.•The carbonized structure showed HER activity approaching Pt.
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) show excellent electrochemical performances due to their ultrahigh porosity, plentiful pores, large specific surface area and easy functionalization. This review ...systemically summarizes recent advances and future perspectives of MOFs as promising materials for lithium-based batteries (i.e., Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, Li-O2 batteries).
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•MOFs show excellent electrochemical performances.•MOFs are attractive electrode materials for lithium-based batteries.•It reviews recent advances of using MOFs for lithium-based batteries.
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) show excellent electrochemical performances due to their ultrahigh porosity, large specific surface area, and easy functionalization. These characteristics make it fascinating electrode materials with excellent electrochemical performance for the currently dominated lithium-based batteries (e.g., Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, Li-O2 batteries). Hence, this review summarizes the recent advances of MOFs-based materials as an electrode for high-performance lithium-ion storage. Firstly, we briefly describe the development history, principle, and mechanism of the lithium-based batteries. Then, the recent advances of MOFs/MOFs composite and MOF-derived materials employed as electrode materials for Lithium-ion batteries, Li-S batteries, and Li-O2 batteries are reviewed with their electrochemical performances. Finally, we conclude and point out the future direction of MOFs-related materials for lithium-based batteries.
MOFs (ZIF-67) and g-C3N4 catalyst-modified MoS2 nanoparticles are prepared by means of doping g-C3N4 in the process of ZIF-67 formation and then introducing MoS2 nanoparticles on the surface of ...collaborative structure between MOFs and g-C3N4. The MOFs (ZIF-67) and g-C3N4 catalyst-modified MoS2 photocatalyst exhibits efficient hydrogen production with about 321 μmol under visible light irradiation in 4 h, which is almost about 30 times higher than that of over the pure g-C3N4 photocatalyst. A series of characterization studies such as SEM, XRD, TEM, EDX, XPS, UV–vis DRS, FTIR, transient fluorescence and electro-chemistry show that the novel structure of g-C3N4 and MOF is formed, the more active sites appears and the efficiency of photo-generated charge separation is improved. MoS2, as a narrow band semiconductor, is grafted on the surface of g-C3N4/MOF, which could effectively harvest visible light and swift charge separation. The results are well mutual corroboration with each other. In addition, a eosin Y-sensitized reaction mechanism is introduced.
•MOFs (ZIF-67) and g-C3N4 catalyst-modified MoS2 nanoparticles are successfully prepared.•Electronic transmission efficiency is improved by metal frame structure.•The MOFs (ZIF-67) and g-C3N4 catalyst-modified MoS2 photocatayst exhibits efficient hydrogen production.
Core–multishelled structures with controlled chemical composition have attracted great interest due to their fascinating electrochemical performance. Herein, a metal–organic framework (MOF)‐on‐MOF ...self‐templated strategy is used to fabricate okra‐like bimetal sulfide (Fe7S8/C@ZnS/N‐C@C) with core–double‐shelled structure, in which Fe7S8/C is distributed in the cores, and ZnS is embedded in one of the layers. The MOF‐on‐MOF precursor with an MIL‐53 core, a ZIF‐8 shell, and a resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) layer (MIL‐53@ZIF‐8@RF) is prepared through a layer‐by‐layer assembly method. After calcination with sulfur powder, the resultant structure has a hierarchical carbon matrix, abundant internal interface, and tiered active material distribution. It provides fast sodium‐ion reaction kinetics, a superior pseudocapacitance contribution, good resistance of volume changes, and stepwise sodiation/desodiation reaction mechanism. As an anode material for sodium‐ion batteries, the electrochemical performance of Fe7S8/C@ZnS/N‐C@C is superior to that of Fe7S8/C@ZnS/N‐C, Fe7S8/C, or ZnS/N‐C. It delivers a high and stable capacity of 364.7 mAh g−1 at current density of 5.0 A g−1 with 10 000 cycles, and registers only 0.00135% capacity decay per cycle. This MOF‐on‐MOF self‐templated strategy may provide a method to construct core–multishelled structures with controlled component distributions for the energy conversion and storage.
Okra‐like Fe7S8/C@ZnS/N‐C@C with core–double‐shelled structures is synthesized via a facile and controllable metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐on‐MOF self‐sacrificial template strategy, which exhibits a high and stable capacity of 364.7 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 5.0 A g−1 with 10 000 cycles and an exceptional rate capability of 337.6 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1 for sodium‐ion batteries.
Summary
MOFs (Metal‐organic frameworks) emerging as newest materials with porous structure and ease to synthesize results in new material growth with enhanced surface area. Nanocrystalline ...copper‐metal organic framework (Cu‐MOF), cobalt‐metal organic framework (Co‐MOF), and copper/cobalt metal organic framework (Cu/Co MOF) nanocomposite have been synthesized via superficial cost‐effective hydrothermal method by using trimesic acid in order to restrict nano‐particle growth. X‐ray powder diffraction of the synthesized material indicates a reduction in the c‐lattice parameter for Cu/Co nanocomposite to value 8.062 Å. Existence of oxygen, copper, chromium, and cobalt inside the Cu/Co MOF nanocomposite is indicative of successful nanocomposite synthesis whereas surface morphology gives a fall in particle growth resulting value 3.53 nm. PL (Photoluminescence) spectra showing reduction in peaks whereas Raman spectra demonstrate the presence of both copper and cobalt peaks inside the nanocomposite. Electrochemical studies were analyzed using IM KOH as an electrolyte resulting in enhanced specific capacitance of 228 Fg−1 for Cu‐MOF, 280 Fg−1 for Co‐MOF, and 935.8 Fg−1 for Cu/Co MOF nanocomposite respectively. Galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD) analysis reveals power density value increment from 1092 Wkg−1 to 2495.5 Wkg−1 for Cu/Co MOF nanocomposite with energy density value decreases to 45.2 WhKg−1 allowing rapid ions transport at electrode/electrolyte interface suggesting Cu/Co MOF nanocomposite as a high performance electrode material with maximum storage capacity in supercapacitors.
MOF nanocomposite by hydrothermal method.
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•NiMo MOF electrodes deliver a remarkable 3811 Fg−1 capacitance (at 1 Ag−1)•NiMo MOF device retains 92.79% capacitance after 10,000 cycles.•Lights LEDs for 11 min, showcasing energy ...storage potential.•DFT reveals a narrow band gap for efficient charge storage.
This work explores the potential of bimetallic nickel (Ni) molybdenum (Mo) metal–organic framework (MOF) (NiMo MOF) composites as promising electrode materials for high-performance energy storage. This study utilizes graphite sheet (GS) electrodes throughout, offering a cost-effective alternative to expensive metal foam or mesh electrodes. Herein, NiMo MOF were successfully synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method, exhibiting a rod-like morphology with a high surface area (1,100 m2 g−1) and both Ni and Mo in the MOF are nearly in equiproportional. In three electrode system, electrochemical studies revealed that NiMo MOF electrodes exhibit phenomenal specific capacitance (3811 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1) compared to Mo MOF and Ni MOF electrodes. Importantly, the NiMo MOF||AC asymmetric pseudocapacitor device demonstrates a high specific capacitance of 666.21 Fg−1 at 1 Ag−1 with excellent cycling stability (92.79 % capacitance retention even after 10,000 cycles at 15 Ag−1). Moreover, the asymmetric device successfully powers an LED light for 11 min, showcasing its potential for practical applications. Further, the theoretical counterpart such as density functional theory (DFT) studies supports the experimental findings, suggesting a narrow band gap for NiMo MOF, indicative of its semi-metallic nature and favorable electrical conductivity for pseudocapacitor applications. Accordingly, the enhanced psuedocapacitance performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of Ni and Mo in the bimetallic MOF where the shallow band gap (0.002 eV) deliberates faster electron transfer kinetics and improved charge storage. These results build an avenue for developing MOF based materials as high-performance energy storage materials for futuristic applications.
Respecting the basic need of clean and safe water on earth for every individual, it is necessary to take auspicious steps for waste-water treatment. Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are ...considered as promising material because of their intrinsic features including the porosity and high surface area. Further, structural tunability of MOFs by following the principles of reticular chemistry, the MOFs can be functionalized for the high adsorption performance as well as adsorptive removal of target materials. However, there are still some major concerns associated with MOFs limiting their commercialization as promising adsorbents for waste-water treatment. The cost, toxicity and regenerability are the major issues to be addressed for MOFs to get insightful results. In this article, we have concise the current strategies to enhance the adsorption capacity of MOFs during the water-treatment for the removal of toxic dyes, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals. Further, we have also discussed the role of metallic nodes, linkers and associated functional groups for effective removal of toxic water pollutants. In addition to conformist overview, we have critically analyzed the MOFs as adsorbents in terms of toxicity, cost and regenerability. These factors are utmost important to address before commercialization of MOFs as adsorbents for water-treatment. Finally, some future perspectives are discussed to give directions for potential research.
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•MOFs based hybrid materials provide excellent platforms for pollutants removal.•Synthetic approaches and characterization of MOF-based hybrid materials are described.•Crystalline and intrinsically fragile forms of MOF limit its practical performance.•Current challenges and potentials of MOF-based hybrid materials are discussed.
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•A state dual-MOFs composite was firstly synthesized by MIL-100(Fe) and ZIF-67/g-C3N4.•MOF-Fe nanoparticles/MOF-Co-based/g-C3N4 showed excellent catalytic activity.•The composites, ...their micropores and heterojunction promoted to the high property.•Theoretical calculation and HPLC-MS/MS analysis inferred SER’s degradation pathways.
A dual-MOFs (Fe and Co)/g-C3N4 heterojunction composite was successful constructed and used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for degrading sertraline (SER). The composite showed outstanding catalytic activity with 100% of SER removal efficiency in 60 min and the degradation rate 0.057 min−1. At the same time, the amount of catalyst, concentration of PMS and environmental pH on the degradation for SER were investigated in detail. The main degradation products and pathways of SER were analyzed by Gaussian theory calculation and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Based on the free radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization analysis, it was confirmed that •OH and SO4•- were produced in the catalytic reaction process, and explained catalytic mechanism elaborately. This work demonstrates the connection of MOF-Fe nanoparticles, micropores and heterojunction with the catalytic activity, providing an efficient catalytic system that can promote electron transfer and circulation of high activity center.
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