Ivermectin was used to treat sarcoptic mange in Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica). Its therapeutic effectiveness was analyzed when it was administered through subcutaneous injection, to sick ...animals in the consolidation stage of mange (third phase) and, with double injections to chronically affected animals (fourth phase) at a dosage of 0.2 or 0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw). Three wk after treatment, the animals in the third phase of mange treated with a high dose (0.4 mg/kg bw) of ivermectin were completely cured. The same result was achieved after 4 wk of treatment in those animals in phase 3 of mange when 0.2 mg/kg body weight was used. Double injection with ivermectin, even at high doses, did not guarantee the complete cure of all cases of sarcoptic mange in the chronic stage (phase 4); only three of six animals were free of Sarcoptes scabiei. The second experiment consisted on the application of a sanitation program in order to obtain a population of Spanish ibex free from S. scabiei, starting with free-ranging animals, some of them healthy and others sick. After capture the animals were classified as chronically ill, in which case they were excluded from the program, mite carriers and healthy specimens. All the animals were treated first topically with foxim (500 mg/l) and subcutaneously with ivermectin (0.4 mg/kg bw). The infected animals were housed in the treatment pen, and received two doses of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg bw) at an interval of 15 days, then spent 15 days in the quarantine pen, where they received a further dose before they were included in the pool of healthy animals, and immediately were placed in the quarantine phase. The sanitation we implemented was fully effective in curing the affliction of Spanish ibex affected by S. scabiei.
Sarcoptic Mange Duggan, Stephanie B
Small Animal Dermatology for Technicians and Nurses,
11/2019
Book Chapter
Sarcoptic mange (scabies, sarcoptic acariasis) is a contagious, non‐seasonal, intensely pruritic dermatitis caused by infestation with the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. This makes it easy to miss the ...diagnosis, especially since the clinical signs of sarcoptic mange can look similar to food allergy, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, cheyletiellosis, malassezia dermatitis, and other inflammatory skin diseases. The diagnosis of sarcoptic mange is confirmed by finding any mites, eggs, or fecal pellets on superficial skin scrapings. The contagious and zoonotic nature of sarcoptic mange must be emphasized to clients. Scabies mites live in the superficial layers of the epidermis, so deep scrapings are not needed to find the mites. There are many different treatment options available for sarcoptic mange. Clients must understand that all in‐contact dogs need to be treated simultaneously and that environmental treatment may also be required.
fr Durant une période de 12 ans, entre 1991 et 2002, nous avons analysé l'évolution d'une population d'isard cantabrique qui a été affectée par une épidémie de gale. La population s'étend sur 83 000 ...ha, la densité étant de 12,3 isards/100 ha. Malgré le fait que l'épidémie soit apparue en 1993, la population a continué à augmenter jusqu'à 1995, puis a baissé jusqu'à un minimum en 2001. Actuellement, la population représente 35,9% de celle de 1995. La variation annuelle de la population dans les secteurs affectés par la gale était considérable, avec des pertes maximales entre 30 et 48%. Ainsi la plus forte perte a eu lieu entre la première et la troisième année après l'arrivée de la maladie. Puis, cinq ou six ans après l'initiation de l'épidémie, la population s'est stabilisée à un niveau de densité de 4,1-6,4 individus/100 ha. es Se analizó la evolución de una población de rebeco cantábrico afectada por sarna sarcóptica entre 1991 y 2002. Esta población abarca 83.000 hay ha alcanzado una densidad media de 12,3 rebecos/100 ha. La epidemia comenzó en 1993, aunque la población continuó aumentando hasta 1995, tras lo que empezó a decrecer, alcanzando su mínimo en 2001. Actualmente la población representa el 35,9% de la existente en 1995. La variación poblacional anual en zonas afectadas por la sarna sarcóptica fue considerable, con pérdidas máximas entre 30-48%. Las mayores mortalidades ocurrieron entre el primer y el tercer año tras la aparición de la epidemia en la zona. Cinco o seis años antes de la epidemia, la población se había estabilizado en una densidad de 4,1-6,4 individuos/100 ha.
The astigmatid mite, Psoroptes ovis (Hering) (Acari: Psoroptidae), is an obligate, non-burrowing ectoparasite of vertebrates, of particular economic importance in domestic sheep flocks where it ...causes clinical psoroptic mange. To help understand the behaviour which facilitates transmission via the environment, the responses of P. ovis derived from rabbits (syn. Psoroptes cuniculi) to temperature and light were examined in the laboratory. On a vertical surface of uniform temperature, the presence and direction of illumination had a significant effect on the distance and direction moved by the mites. In darkness or with illumination from both above and below, the mites moved relatively little, but this movement was upwards. In contrast, with illumination from above only, mites moved downwards. When the direction of the illumination was reversed so that it came from below only, the mites moved upwards. On a vertical surface with a temperature gradient, in darkness or with illumination from both above and below, the mites moved up or down towards the area of highest temperature, depending on whether this was above or below, respectively. However, the movement of the mites in response to the temperature gradient was strongly displaced up or down by the presence of unidirectional illumination from above or below, respectively. The results indicate that the movement of these mites is strongly directed towards areas of high temperature but away from higher light intensity. These behaviours might be expected to maintain the position of the mites on a host animal and help them locate the skin surface of a new host when displaced into the environment.
This chapter discusses the various fungal skin diseases of caprine. Chorioptic mange is a common, cosmopolitan infestation caused by the mite Chorioptes bovis. Psoroptic mange is a rare to uncommon, ...cosmopolitan infestation caused by, perhaps, two different mites: Psoroptes cuniculi and Psoroptes bovis. Sarcoptic mange is a rare to uncommon, cosmopolitan infestation caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var caprae. Pediculosis is a common, cosmopolitan infestation caused by various lice. In the United States, recognized goat lice include Damalinia caprae, Damalinia crassipes, and Damalinia limbata and Linognathus stenopsis and Linognathus stenopsis africanus. Przhevalskiana silenus infestation is common in certain parts of Asia and Europe. Parelaphostrongylus tenuis is a common parasite of white‐tailed deer in North America, and a common cause of neurologic diseases in goats. Infestation of goats occurs through ingestion of intermediate hosts containing larvae passed in deer feces.
Parasites of the camel in Burkina Faso Dia, M.L
Tropical animal health and production,
2006, 2006-Jan, 2006-1-00, 20060101, Letnik:
38, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Sarcoptes scabiei infestation was diagnosed in two freshly dead free-ranging pampas foxes (Pseudalopex gymnocercus) in the Gran Chaco, Bolivia. Diagnosis was made based on histologic evaluation of ...skin biopsies and identification of the parasite from skin scrapings. Characteristic gross lesions consistent with mange were noted in 19 of 94 observations of free-ranging pampas foxes in the region from December 1998 to January 2000. None of 16 crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) observed during the same time period had visible lesions consistent with scabies. These are the first case reports of S. scabiei in pampas foxes.
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the detection of specific antibodies against crude
Psoroptes antigen. The diagnostic sensitivity was 93.7% in 191 sheep with clinical ...signs associated with mange. These animals originated from 29 flocks in which psoroptic mites were detected. All of 59 sheep infested with
Psoroptes ovis were seropositive. Additionally, in 49% of 70 clinically unaffected sheep originating from
P. ovis-infested flocks, specific antibodies could be detected, suggesting that asymptomatic infestations can be diagnosed by serology. The specificity of the ELISA was 96.5% as determined with 254 sheep originating from 44 flocks without clinical mange. Cross-reactivity in a low range was detected with selected sera of sheep with clinical chorioptic or forage mite infestations. Four sheep seroconverted 2 weeks after experimental
P. ovis infestation, i.e. 2 weeks before clinical signs became obvious. After successful doramectin treatment of 14 sheep with naturally acquired
P. ovis infestation, the ELISA values declined slowly but remained positive in seven cases beyond 17 weeks.
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