Son yıllarda, bilgisayar teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerin de etkisiyle, fantastik yapımlarda ciddi bir artış meydana gelmiştir. Birer kitle kültürü ürünü olarak fantastik yapımlar dünya genelinde ...hatırı sayılır izlenme oranlarına sahiptir. Gerçek dışı kurgular olmaları sebebiyle toplumsal gerçeklikten uzak kabul edilen bu yapımlar esasında ideolojik anlamın inşa edilebildiği mecralardır. Bu çalışmada ideoloji kavramı Karl Mannheim’ın bilgi sosyolojisi disiplini içerisinden tanımladığı şekilde, mevcut toplumsal gerçeklikteki bilgi örgüsü olarak ele alınacaktır. Mannheim’ın ideoloji ile birlikte kullandığı diğer kavram olan ütopya ise toplumdaki hakim bilgi örgüsünün dışında kalan ve farklı toplumsal düzen fikirlerini savunan zihinsel kodlardır. Fantastik bile olsa hiçbir metnin, içerisinde üretildiği toplumsal bilgi örgüsünden bağımsız olamayacağı savından hareketle her metinde hem ideolojik hem de ütopik düşüncelerin yer alabileceği iddia edilmektedir. Dolayısıyla metin, ideoloji ve ütopyanın mücadele alanı olarak görünür hale geldiği mecralardan biridir. Bu çalışmada Avatar: Korra Efsanesi (2012-2014) isimli fantastik çizgi filmdeki ideolojik ve ütopik unsurlar ele alınarak ideolojik anlamın nasıl inşa edildiği tartışılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuç ise, çizgi filmde ABD’nin temsil ettiği liberalizmin alternatifsiz olduğu ve ABD müdahaleciliğinin kutsal bir misyon olarak kabul edilmesi gerektiği şeklinde bir ideolojik anlam inşa edildiğidir.
In recent years, with the influence of the developments in computer technology, a serious increase in fantastic
productions has come to fruition. As a mass culture product, fantastic productions have a considerable
number of viewing rates throughout the World. These productions, which are regarded as far from social reality because they are unrealistic fictions, are the media on which the ideological meaning can be built.
In this work, the ideology concept will be treated as a knowledge pattern in the existing social reality, as
Karl Mannheim defines within the discipline sociology of knowledge. Utopia, the other concept Mannheim
uses in conjunction with ideology, is the mental codes outside of the prevailing knowledge frame in society
and advocating different social order ideas. Even if it is fantastic, it can not be independent of the pattern
of social knowledge that is produced in any text. For this reason it is claimed that in every text there can be
both ideological and utopian considerations. Therefore, text is one of the manifestations in which ideology
and utopian become visible as the field of struggle. In this work, the ideological and utopian elements in
the fantastic cartoon named Avatar: The Legend of Korra are handled and how the ideological meaning
is constructed is discussed. The resulting conclusion is that in the cartoon an ideological meaning was
constructed that the liberalism represented by the USA, has no alternative and that USA interventionism
should be regarded as a sacred mission.
Is there a political philosophy of conservatism? A history of the phenomenon written along sceptical lines casts doubt on the existence of a transhistorical doctrine, or even an enduring conservative ...outlook. The main typologies of conservatism uniformly trace its origins to opposition to the French Revolution. Accordingly, Edmund Burke is standardly singled out as the ‘father’ of this style of politics. Yet Burke was de facto an opposition Whig who devoted his career to assorted programmes of reform. In restoring Burke to his original milieu, the argument presented here takes issue with 20th-century accounts of conservative ideology developed by such figures as Karl Mannheim, Klaus Epstein and Samuel Huntington. It argues that the idea of a conservative tradition is best seen as a belated construction, and that the notion of a univocal philosophy of conservatism is basically misconceived.
Symmetry is a frequently recurring theme in mathematics, nature, science, etc. In mathematics, its most familiar manifestation appears in geometry, most notably line geometry, and in other closely ...related areas. In this study, we take advantage of the symmetry properties of both dual space and original space in order to transfer problems in original space to dual space. We use E. Study Mappingas a direct method for analyzing the kinematic geometry of timelike ruled and developable surfaces. Then, the invariants for a spacelike line trajectory are studied and the well-known formulae of Hamilton and Mannheim on the theory of surfaces are provenfor the line space. Meanwhile, a timelike Plücker conoid generated by the Disteli-axis is derived and its kinematic geometry is discussed. Finally, some equations for particular timelike ruled surfaces, such as the general timelike helicoid, the Lorentzian sphere, and the timelike cone, are derived and plotted.
Karl Mannheim’s work, particularly his book Ideology and Utopia, has considerable relevance to current concerns about the public role of sociology. However, this is not widely recognised, and key ...aspects of his thought have frequently been neglected or disparaged. In this article the background to Mannheim’s work is outlined, and a summary provided of the central argument of Ideology and Utopia, comparing this with the positions taken by Max Weber and Georg Lukács, both of whom were important influences on Mannheim. The major criticisms of, and problems with, Mannheim’s argument are then addressed. While he was by no means completely successful in putting forward a convincing conception of sociology’s public role, there is a great deal to be learned from his work, and from the manner in which he pursued it.
From political to social generations Aboim, Sofia; Vasconcelos, Pedro
European journal of social theory,
05/2014, Letnik:
17, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Faced with the confused meanings of the concept of generation, this article defends the need to move from Karl Mannheim’s excessive emphasis on political and intellectual self-awareness as a ...pre-condition for generation formation to an enlarged social and cultural definition of generations. By developing the concept of social generations, we argue that rather than concrete groups, generations are better conceived as discourses with which individuals relate in order to build self-identification. Individuals living in similar historical contexts may share mental and practical dispositions, but must always position themselves in face of the narratives that have come to be dominant to describe a given generational location. Such a contention implies redressing Mannheim’s culturalist view through a reformulation of his hierarchical view of the scheme of generations. By replacing generation-units by dominant ideas, we contend that generations are better conceived as discursive formations in the Foucauldian sense.
Abstract
Social work literature suggests that three depoliticisation tendencies characterise the youngest generation of social workers. First, they exhibit less interest in the structural level of ...social problems. Secondly, they are supposed to incline towards the idea of welfare conditionality. And thirdly, they are evolving towards increasingly shallow technical, box-ticking professionals. As such, this generation of social workers seems to conform with a policy climate in which social justice is increasingly under pressure. It is our contention that this debate is one-sided and negative. It dismisses the perspective of the social workers themselves. For organisations in social work, it might appear paradoxical that the youngest generation of social workers—although submersed in the context of workfare—hold the key to revising institutional processes and guidelines. Based on generational theory, however, we argue that social work needs to consider the ability of the newest generation to signal procedural and institutional barriers that hinder the pursuit of social justice.
Art et culture Watier, Patrick
Revue des sciences sociales (Strasbourg),
01/2022
68
Journal Article
Recenzirano
L'article propose une mise en relation de certaines perspectives de recherches en histoire de l'art et en sociologie. Il développe la thèse d'une parenté d'approches entre des histoires de l'art et ...une sociologie interprétative ou compréhensive. La réception par Erwin Panofsky de l'article de Karl Mannheim sur l'analyse des conceptions du monde et, notamment, sur les trois caractères du sens, est le point de départ de l'analyse. L'article se poursuit en présentant les études de Baxandall à propos du style cognitif du regard, et sur la manière d'interpréter des œuvres pour parvenir à les voir comme un indigène de la culture qui les a produites. In fine, l'article montre comment le sens documentaire de Mannheim, la recherche d'un cadre par Goffman, d'un arrière-plan par Searle, sont autant de façons de situer un acteur doté de certaines dispositions, de comprendre leur mise en œuvre et d'en proposer une interprétation.
Ideologia e Utopia Antonio Ozaí da Silva
Revista espaço acadêmico,
05/2018, Letnik:
9, Številka:
96
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
As ideologias mobilizam indivíduos e multidões, alimentam intolerâncias, intentam conservar ou transformar sociedades, produzem guerras e revoluções. Qual a fonte dessa força imensa que se dissemina ...e conquista corações e mentes em povos de culturas e realidades tão díspares? Será porque expressam utopias? Ideologias e utopias são semelhantes, nomes diferentes para os mesmos fenômenos políticos e sociais? Se as ideologias sobrevivem ao passar dos anos e vivificam nos homens e mulheres do tempo presente, mesmo quando são declaradas mortas, será que vivemos uma época em que a utopia se exauriu? O objetivo deste texto é analisar essas questões, a partir da obra de Karl Mannheim.
Background: Peritonitis is the inflammation of peritoneum, the serosal membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and organs inside. The hollow viscous perforation (HVP) is one of the most common ...surgical emergencies encountered by surgeons on a daily basis. Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) is a simple and effective method in predicting the morbidity of patients with HVP.
Aims and Objectives: This study attempts to evaluate the prognostic value of MPI scoring system in patients with peritonitis due to HVP.
Materials and Methods: This is a clinical, prospective, and observational study. There were 50 patients with HVP (stomach, duodenum, ileum, and appendix) admitted in Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital from March 2021 to October 2022 included in the study. Necessary data were collected; MPI score was calculated for each patient and analyzed.
Results: The number of post-operative complications, duration of intensive care unit, and hospital stay proportionately increased with the MPI score. Out of the eight variables used in this scoring system, duration of pain, intraperitoneal fluid and organ failure on admission carried more significance in predicting the morbidity in the post-operative period than the other variables.
Conclusion: MPI is a simple and effective method in predicting the morbidity of patients with HVP and to assess it as a clinical tool in stratifying these patients according to individual surgical risk.
Much of the empirical literature analysing the relation between environmental innovation and competitiveness has focused on the question whether “it pays to be green”. We differentiate between ...different types of environmental innovations, which will be disentangled in those aiming at reducing the negative externalities and those allowing for efficiency increases and cost savings. What we analyse is at first the extent to which these two typologies have impacts on firms' profitability with opposite signs, and, secondly, whether the motivations driving the adoption of those innovations make the difference in terms of economic gains. We find empirical evidence that both the typology of Environmental Innovation and the driver of their adoption affect the sign of the relationship between competitiveness and environmental performance. Innovations leading to a reduction in the use of energy or materials per unit of output positively affect firms' competitiveness. Contrarily, externality reducing innovations hamper firms' competitiveness. The empirical strategy is based on a sample of German firms and makes use of a merge of two waves of the Mannheim Innovation Panel in 2011 and 2009 that allow overcoming some endogeneity issues which may arise in a cross-section setting.
•We contribute to the debate whether it pays to be green.•We propose a differentiation between typologies of Environmental Innovations (EI).•Energy and Resource Efficient Innovations engender positive profitability effects.•Externality Reducing Innovation hamper firms' profitability.•The motivations driving the adoption of EI moderate their profitability gains.
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