Rezultati iskanja

Karl Mannheim’s orientations to time can be plotted between subjectivist and objectivist extremes. The latter corresponds to social engineering, while the former offers the context in which Mannheim ... uses Hobbes’s primaeval war to imagine the chaotic struggle over time that he hopes to escape. Mannheim’s distinctive achievement is ‘dynamic sociology’, an experimental approach marked by the recognition not only of historicity in social phenomena and concepts but also of the opportunities thereby provided for clarifying meaning on terms congruent with the experiences of contemporary humankind. Mannheim’s initial statement of ‘dynamic sociology’ is refined by his better-known studies of generations, ideologies, and utopias, which specify his awareness of co-existent multiple time worlds. Coordination is left to ad hocmediation. This does not answer Mannheim’s deepest fears and wishes, but he has the discipline to settle for less. več

一般に知識社会学は知識と社会的存在との相互関係を究明する社会学の一分野として定義される。したがって基本的に知識社会学には知識と社会、精神と物質といった二元論的構図が伴われる。しかしその確立者であるK.Mannheimがそうするようにあらゆる知識が社会的に制約されると規定する場合、その二元論的構図はジレンマに陥る。二元論の両極はいずれも知識であり、もし社会的存在を説明されるべき知識の関係項として実体的に扱うなら、知識の普遍的な社会的制約性の主張と矛盾するように見えるからである。 本稿はこの知識社会学一般にかかわる根本問題の解決に向けた予備的研究として位置づけられる。解決の基本方針は知識社会学を知のホーリズムとして定式化するというものであり、それに向けて本稿では、Mannheimの知識社会学がW.V.O.Quineが提起する知のホーリズムとしての性格をもつこと、逆にそのQuineのホーリズムは知識社会学化される必要があること、MannheimとQuineを補完する議論としてA.Schützの知識理論を位置づけうること、そしてそのSchützの知識理論もまた独自の知のホーリズムとしての特徴をもつことを論じる。最後に、知識社会学を知のホーリズムとして定式化する際のSchützの貢献を明確化し、知識社会学の根本問題の解決に向けて残された主要な課題を指摘する。

In unserer kulturell und medial zunehmend differenzierten Gesellschaft sind auch Sprache und Sprechen mit neuen Anforderungen und Gebrauchskontexten konfrontiert. In den neuen Medien treten Text und ... Bild in immer engere Bezüge, und die traditionell als fest gedachten Grenzen zwischen den materialen Formen der Sprache - zwischen Stimme und Schrift - erscheinen zunehmend als fließend. Der Band behandelt die Vielfalt der Erscheinungsformen unserer Sprache und ihre intermedialen Bezüge zu anderen Formen von Kommunikation, darunter Bilder, Körperausdruck, Geräusche und Musik. In our modern society with its increasing differentiation in culture and media, language and speech are also confronted with new demands and contexts for their use. In the new media, text and image become increasingly closely interwoven, and what were traditionally thought to be firm boundaries between the material forms of language - between speech and writing - appear as increasingly fluid. The volume deals with the diversity of manifestations of our language and its intermedial relations with other forms of communication, including images, body language, sounds, and music. več

Im Sprachvergleich zeigt sich, wo das Deutsche eigene Wege geht und wo seine Strukturen mit denen anderer Sprachen konvergieren. Die Beiträge des Jahrbuchs 2011 widmen sich dem Vergleich des ... Deutschen auf allen grammatischen Ebenen, von der Phonetik und Phonologie, Graphematik, Morphologie und Syntax bis zur Semantik, Pragmatik und Textgrammatik. Ergänzend werden neuere korpuslinguistische Methoden des Sprachvergleichs vorgestellt. Zielgruppe sind Sprachwissenschaftler des Deutschen und der Nachbarphilologien sowie Vertreter des Fachs Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Gisela Zifonun,Universität Mannheim. več

This paper revisits the classical sociological hypothesis of conservatism, specifically the `Mannheim Hypothesis,' and its bearing on liberty or liberal modernity. The original formulation of the ... Mannheim Hypothesis posits that conservatism tends to oppose the `principle of liberty' and, hence, liberal modernity or liberalism, defined as its immediate antagonist. This paper presents the Mannheim Hypothesis of conservatism and liberty, as well as its initial general solution by Mannheim and other classical sociologists. Then it attempts to solve this hypothesis by presenting relevant theoretical arguments and supporting empirical evidence. Overall this essay reaffirms the classical sociological solution of the Mannheim Hypothesis of conservatism and liberty in contemporary society. več

In the summer of 1990, one of the most eminent sociologists of the 20th century, the German Norbert Elias, died in Amsterdam. His profoundly interwoven life and work are a reflection of the ... complexity - the light and shade - of the last century. With this proposed intellectual portrait, taking the opportunity of the twentieth anniversary of his death, we attempt offer an introductory guide to a figure and a body of work which, because of its magnitude and originality, undoubtedly deserves to be considered among the most important in sociology. As the thread running through this portrait, we propose a combination of the physical and symbolic places, spaces and people, events and connections that marked a long life and academic career which was little known and largely unrecognised until his later years. It is a career which undoubtedly constitutes one of the most outstanding and attractive legacies that the sociology of the last century has passed on to new generations of social science researchers. Reprinted by permission of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Sociologia več

To ascertain the frequency and distribution of new cases of dementing illness in the elderly population of Mannheim (population 308,000), a survey sample of community residents of > 65 years of age ... was re-examined after an interval of 7-8 years, and a sample of elderly persons in long-stay care after 5-6 years. The estimated annual incidence rate for all forms of dementia, after correction for ageing of the samples, was 15.4 per 1000 persons aged > 65, made up of dementia of Alzheimer type (8.9 per 1000), vascular dementia (4.4 per 1000) and other forms (2.1 per 1000). Apart from the expected association with age > 65 years, the most powerful predictors of onset of a dementing illness were residence in long-stay care and the presence of minor cognitive deficits at the initial examination, each of which was associated with a highly significant increase in risk. In addition, a number of socio-demographic characteristics (marital status, occupational history and quality of present living accommodation) was found to be predictive, though analysis of larger samples or pooled research data would be necessary to establish their importance in this respect. The findings suggest that identification of mild cognitive impairment on screening could prove helpful in assessing risk for dementia from two to three years before the condition becomes clinically apparent. več

Die Stadtbibliothek Mannheim versteht sich vornehmlich als Bildungseinrichtung und hat sich mit ihrem Programm konsequent dem strategischen Zielsystem der Stadt Mannheim verschrieben. Verschiedene ... mobile Angebote wie Bücherbus und Fahrradbibliothek bringen bereits mobile Angebote in die Stadtteile; nach der Einrichtung eines Bibliothekslabors in der Innenstadt war es daher nur konsequent ein mobiles Bibliothekslabor mittels eines Elektrofahrzeugs zu beschaffen. več