U radu se daje kratki prikaz javnozdravstvene djelatnosti medicinskih sestara i ističe njihova zdravstveno-prosvjetiteljska uloga. Osim skrbi za bolesne, sestre pomoćnice bile su zdravstvene ...učiteljice, voditeljice tečajeva, odlazile su u kućne posjete te su bile preteča socijalnih radnika kakve danas poznajemo. U drugom dijelu rada razmatraju se nastavni programi od 1921. godine do danas i prikazuje slijed razvoja nastavnog predmeta Metodika zdravstvenog odgoja. Prvi nastavni planovi i programi obuhvaćali su općemedicinsku naobrazbu. Naglasak se ipak stavljao na sadržaje o tuberkulozi što je razumljivo radi osnovne namjere o osnivanju Škole za sestre pomoćnice. Nastava se od samog osnutka Škole organizirala kao teorijska i praktična izobrazba. Praktični dio izobrazbe između ostaloga se sastojao od kuhanja u školskoj kuhinji, praktične nastave u školskoj poliklinici i provođenja higijensko-domaćinskih tečajeva. Izvanučionička nastava izvodila se posjetom različitim zdravstvenim i socijalnim ustanovama kao što su stanice za medikopedagoško savjetovanje, posjetom gradskim i seoskim higijenskim instalacijama, stanici za izbor zvanja, posjetom odgojnim zavodima, ustanovama za kolektivnu prehranu, tvornicama i dr. U sto godina obrazovanja medicinskih sestara u Hrvatskoj bilo je više reformi obrazovanja, mijenjala se zdravstvena politika, mijenjalo se trajanje obrazovanja, modernizirali su se i prilagođavali nastavni planovi i programi te pratile potrebe populacije za zdravstvenim stručnjacima. Aktualni nastavni plan i program u obrazovanju medicinske sestre / medicinskog tehničara opće njege također sadrži značajan udio socijalno-medicinskih sadržaja u skladu s današnjim izazovima koji ugrožavaju zdravlje pojedinca i zajednice. Metode poučavanja u zdravstvenom odgoju također su pratile suvremene spoznaje, a nastavna sredstva i pomagala modernizirala su se s vremenom do gotovo neslućenih razmjera u stogodišnjem periodu. Škola za medicinske sestre Mlinarska i danas pohranjuje te brižno čuva neka nastavna sredstva i pomagala koja su se koristila u predmetu Metodika zdravstvenog odgoja i u ostalim predmetima struke.
This paper gives a brief overview of the public health activities of nurses and emphasizes their health education role. In addition to caring for the sick, the assistant nurses were health teachers, course leaders, home visits and were the forerunners of social workers as we know them today. The second part of the paper discusses the curricula from 1921 to the present day and shows the sequence of development of the subject of health education methods. The first curricula included general medical education. The emphasis, however, was on the contents of tuberculosis, which is understandable given the basic intention of establishing a School for Assistant Nurses. Teaching has been organized as a theoretical and practical training since the very foundation of the School. The practical part of the training consisted, among other things, of cooking in the school kitchen, practical classes in the school clinic, conducting hygiene and homework courses, etc. Extracurricular classes were conducted by visiting various health and social institutions such as medical and pedagogical counseling stations, visiting urban and rural hygiene, installations, vocational training stations, visits to educational institutions, institutions for collective nutrition, factories, etc. In the hundred years of education of nurses in Croatia, there have been several educational reforms, changes of health policy, the duration of education has changed, curricula have been modernized and adjusted, and programs in modern medicine, followed the needs of the population for health professionals. The current curriculum in the education of a nurse / general care technician also contains a significant share of the social medical content in line with today's challenges that threaten the health of the individual and the community. Teaching methods in health education have also been accompanied by modern knowledge, and teaching aids and aids have been modernized over time to almost unimaginable proportions over a hundred years. The School of Nursing Mlinarska still stores and carefully preserves some teaching aids and aids that have been used in the subject of health education methodology, as well as in other subjects of the profession.
Článek navazuje na autorovy předchozí články Analýza dopravy při akcích hromadného charakteru v Hradci Králové a Příklady organizace dopravy při akcích hromadného charakteru publikované v Perner´s ...Contacts v letech 2010 a 2011. V příspěvku je navržena metodika organizace hromadné dopravy při akcích hromadného charakteru z pohledu dopravce a detailní popis jejích jednotlivých kroků.
Straipsnyje pateikiama glausta Lietuvos ir užsienio šalių arboristinių ir dendrologinių tyrimų apžvalga, teikiamos metodinės įžvalgos. Patikrintos praktinėje veikloje šios įžvalgos galėtų būti rimtas ...pagrindas parengti ir teisės aktu patvirtinti struktūrizuotą Lietuvos ne miško žemėje augančių medžių (želdinių ir želdynų) būklės ekspertizės metodiką. Pasiūlyta ekspertizės atlikimo tvarka ir principai, metodinės nuostatos formuotų bendrą medžių būklės vertinimo sistemą.
Važnost tradicije i narodne umjetnosti postaje sve više aktuelna u nastavi, ali joj se ipak ne pridaje dovoljno značaja ili ako se to čini onda je u pitanju metodički zastarjeli i neadekvatan ...pristup. Naše istraživanje je zasnovano na umjetnosti (engl. Art-based Research) u okviru kvalitativnog metodološkog pristupa, a u kojem je učenik postavljen u ulogu aktivnog istraživača. U istraživnaju je učestvovalo 272 učenika razredne i predmetne nastave. Podaci su prikupljeni sistemskim posmatranjem, intervjuima te likovnom analizom dječjih radova. Pozivajući se na novija istraživanja iz metodike nastave likovne kulture koja zagovaraju nastavu u kojoj je učenik aktivan kreator vlastitog znanja, određeni su ciljevi istraživanja. Namjera nam je bila da se utvrdi da li narodni vez može služiti kao podsticaj za dječje likovno izražavanje u razrednoj i predmetnoj nastavi i na koji način učenici mogu realizovati projektno istraživanje, ali i izraditi vlastiti rad podstaknuti narodnim vezom kao likovnim motivom. Nalazi istraživanja ukazuju da se narodni vez, kao likovni motiv, po svim svojim karakteristikama, može prilagoditi nastavnim temama određenim Nastavnim planom i programom u osnovnoj školi. Učenici vole istraživati, posebno putem intervjua dolaziti do informacija. Narodni vez kao likovni motiv, uz mogućnost korištenja različitih likovnih materijala i tehnika, razvija kod učenika raznovrsne pristupe likovnom problemu što dovodi do posebnih i inovativnih likovnih rješenja. U radu se, nastoje ponuditi prijedlozi za prevazilaženje nedostataka koji nastaju uslijed minimalne satnice, tradicionalnog pristupa nastavi likovne kulture te posebnih uslova u nastavi uvedenih zbog pandemije koronavirusa. Rješenje se pronalazi u konstruktivističkom pristupu i primjeni projektnog istraživanja u metodici nastave likovne kulture.
Članek dava navod, jak statisticky zpracovat vysledky experimentalnich zkoušek ozubenych kol na pulsatoru. Za předpokladu zkoušeni materialu podle metody stair-case jsou uvedeny algoritmy, jak ...vyhodnotit pravděpodobnostni průběh meze unavy v ohybu. Vyhodnoceni je demonstrovano na realnych vysledcich unavovych zkoušek.
This article provides guidelines on how to statistically treat the results from single tooth fatigue tests. Assuming the methodology for testing is followed, algorithms are presented here to evaluate the probability plot of the fatigue limit in bending. The evaluation is demonstrated using actual results from fatigue tests.
Članek popisuje mechanismy pro realizaci unavovych zkoušek ozubenych kol na pulsatoru, ktere vedou k ziskani pravděpodobnostniho průběhu meze unavy v ohybu. Na zakladě realizovanych experimentů je ...navržena metodika pro navrh a realizaci tohoto typu zkoušek. Pozornost je rovněž věnovana konstrukci zkušebnich vzorků a tvaru zkušebnich čelisti.
This article describes the mechanisms for performing fatigue tests on gears using a single tooth bending test, which enables determination of the probability of fatigue limit in bending. The testing methodology is proposed based on experiments carried out. Attention is also paid to the design of the test specimen and shape of the jaws.
More than ever, data drives decisions in organizations--and we have more data, and more ways to analyze it, than ever. Yet strategic initiatives continue to fail as often as they did when computers ...ran on punch cards. Economist and research scientist Alec Levenson says we need a new approach. The problem, Levenson says, is that the business people who devise the strategies and the human resources people who get employees to implement them use completely different analytics. Business analytics can determine if operational priorities aren't being achieved but can't explain why. HR analytics reveal potentially helpful policy and process improvements but can't identify which would have the greatest strategic impact. This book shows how to use an integrated approach to bring these two pieces together. Levenson presents a thorough and realistic treatment of the reasons for and challenges of taking an integrated approach. He provides details on the different parts of both enterprise and human capital analytics that have to be conducted for integration to be successful and includes specific questions to ask, along with examples of applying integrated analytics to address particular organizational challenges.Effective analytics is a team sport. Levenson's approach allows you to get the deepest insights by bringing people together from both the business and HR perspectives to assess what's going on and determine the right solution.
This article raises the problem of high energy consumption stimulated by heating buildings and preparing hot water. The paper shortly revises the state of renovating public buildings in Lithuania. A ...number of scientists devote close attention to examining various aspects of building renovation (technical regulations on constructions, subsidies provided by the state, cost-effectiveness, factors influencing building renovation, etc.). The article presents a few studies by foreign scientists, lists factors that determine public building renovation (unsatisfactory indoor air hygiene and floor temperature, indoor relative humidity, indoor air velocity, indoor carbon dioxide concentration, physical deterioration of a large building, poor aesthetic appearance of the building, etc.) and demonstrates a few practical examples. In accordance with Lithuanian design codes, a methodology for determining heat transfer coefficients in public buildings is provided. Besides, investigations into heat transfer coefficients before and after the renovation of public buildings have been conducted. A few nursery school buildings in Lithuania have been examined applying laboratory equipment before and after renovation. It was found that the wall heat transfer coefficient of properly designed and insulated buildings falls by more than 4-5 times to reach the normal value of the heat transfer coefficient (value of the heat transfer coefficient falls from 1.12 to 0.22 W/(m
2
·K)). A comparison of an external thermal insulation plastering composite system with an external aeration heat-insulated system has been done. The estimation has revealed that due to lower costs, better results of thermal resistance obtained using the external thermal insulation plastering composite system can produce better wall heat transfer coefficient values. The obtained results have been determined referring to better wall insulation tightness. The paper also summarizes data on heating buildings and consumption of prepared hot water before and after renovation. On the basis of the findings acquired employing the degree-day-method, public building energy consumption for heating and hot water preparation decreased from 41.30 to 43.73%.
The article-based thesis is becoming increasingly common, especially in the 'hard' sciences such as biology, medicine and technology, and is beginning to replace the traditional monograph. Format ...guidelines vary among universities. This is the first book to summarise the main features, showing the PhD student how to prepare a thesis in such a format. The suggestions are highly practical; both its good and bad examples from published theses support the author's wise advice on all aspects of such theses. Poor figures are not only scrutinised in detail but also redrawn for comparison. Guidance also covers the issues of reprint permissions and copyright. This informative and accessible book, from the author of How to Write and Illustrate a Scientific Paper, has been developed through the author's extensive teaching experience in scientific writing and also his experience as a journal editor. It is therefore an indispensable guide to article-based thesis success.
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