Located along the Tigris River in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, the Mosul Dam Reservoir is the second biggest dam of the Near East and represents an important water storage for local human ...activities. The dam was built between 1981 and 1988 north of the village of Eski Mosul, submerging the course of the Tigris River for c. 100 km. The analysis of historical images derived from declassified Corona satellite imagery acquired between December 1967 and August 1968 reveals the pristine pattern of the Tigris River, including the seasonal changes of its riverbed, shifting across the hydrological year from meandering to anastomosing patterns. Geomorphological mapping based on Corona images allowed us to estimate the seasonal modification of fluvial elements such as the floodplain and point, middle and longitudinal bars. The comparison with Landsat data collected since the 1990s showed the first phases of the basin filling and the control on the present‐day aspect of the lake inherited from the setting of the Tigris channel belt and, more in general, the litho‐structural control over the evolution of the local hydrographic network; we also document the influence of the original Tigris River course on its recent insertion into the lake. Our work allowed reconstruction of the ancient fluvial landscape below the Mosul Dam Lake and the evolution of its riverscape controlled by litho‐structural factors and seasonal variations of the river discharge. Finally, this contribution highlights the relevance of declassified intelligence satellite imagery in interpreting natural geomorphic processes and landforms, today altered by human agency.
Historical images derived from declassified Corona satellite imagery acquired between December 1967 and August 1968 reveal the pristine pattern of the Tigris River Geomorphological mapping based on Corona images allowed to estimate the seasonal modification of fluvial elements. Timelapse of Landsat imagery showed the first phases of the basin filling and the control on the present‐day aspect of the lake.
Although ongoing control strategies are attempting to minimize certain metabolic disorders such as hyperketonemia, factors such as genetics, management, environment, and geography still present a ...potential challenge to the achievement of the desired results. In light of this, this study was conducted (i) to determine the prevalence of subclinical and clinical ketosis based on the concentration of ketone bodies (BHB) using ELISA Kit, and (ii) to examine a number of epidemiological risk factors related to the conditions. From October, 2020 to the January, 2021. A 80 blood samples were collected in a cross-sectional survey in different areas of Mosul. Data included age, management systems, parity, and origin. At the cut-off point ≥1.2-≤ 1.4 mmol / L, the prevalence of subclinical ketosis was 27.5% and for clinical ketosis it was 5%. Results revealed that the animals aged > 3 years were more at risk for subclinical ketosis compared to animals aged ≤ 3 years RR = 2.6471. Multiparous animals were more at risk compared to the primiparous (two or less births) RR = 2.0652. No significant difference between the animals’ origins RR = 0.6863. Indoor and outdoor system animals were more at risk for subclinical ketosis compared to the indoor system only RR = 2.1389. In conclusion, hyperketonemia is prevalent in Mosul. Certain risk factors should be taking into account when planning control programs. Attention should be paid to diagnosis, management, and control of this disease during the risk stage to avert economic loss to the dairy farmers.
The aim of this study was to identify and diagnose of M. haemolytica strains as one of the most important causes of ovine clinical mastitis in Mosul city. One hundred and thirty-three milk samples ...were directly obtained from the udders of ewes infected by clinical mastitis from November 2020 to January 2021.Standard and conventional methods were followed for isolation and identification of M. haemolytica. Milk samples were cultured on blood agar 7% and MacConkey agar, then it was purified and was stained by Methylene blue. Later, different biochemical tests were Conducted. Molecular identification of M. haemolytica depending on 16srRNA gene, followed by sequencing, similarity and phylogenetic tree was generated. The results showed that 62(46.61%) of samples were positive for bacterial isolation, biochemical tests and conventional PCR technique. Sequencing results showed that the positive samples were belonged to M. haemolytica strains. The similarity within strain Ib001 and within strain 39433 were 100%, and 99.47% respectively. Poor management was associated with the high level of mastitis caused by M. haemolytica, so the application of prophylactic programs should be followed to limit the spread of the disease.
Background: Depression in elderly aged (60 year and above )is a widespread mental health problem . The current primary healthcare systeminadequately recognize and treat elderly patients with ...depression..
Objectives:To determine the prevalence of depression among elderly patientsin Mosul city, its correlation with some sociodemographic variablesand to assess severity of depression in relation to past history of depression.
Type of the study: This is a cross-sectional study.
Methods: This study assess the prevalence of depression in a randomly selected sample 150 elderly patients aged 60 years and above (89 female & 61 male) who attended the geriatric clinic in Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital /Mosul City between the 1st/March /2014 to the 10th /June 2014.A short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) the Arabic version was used to assess depressionand a semi-structured interview were applied after screening the patients for cognitive impairment using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) to exclude those who scored less than 23 on this scale .
Results:The study showed that the Prevalence of depression was 65.3% , statistically significant difference was not found with any variable used. Strong positive relation was found in severely depressed patients with the past history of depression, multiple physical complaint was found in the depressed sample.
Conclousin:As the prevalence of depression among elderly patients was high , National programs should be developed in community & health services focusing on early detection and treatment of depression among the elderly population.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is described as a tick-borne viral zoonosis highly prevalent in Africa, Asia, Russia and the Balkans within the distribution range of ticks that belong to the ...genus Hyalomma. This research aimed to verify the seroprevalence of CCHF in cows employing Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) in Mosul city / Iraq, to examine some epidemiological risk factors related to the incidence of CCHF. From October 2019 - September 2020, one hundred eighty-four blood samples were taken from 3-8-year-old cattle of both sexes, from several management systems and origins, from various parts in Mosul city, 10 ml of blood was taken from the jugular vein in test tubes without anticoagulant to obtain the sera for I-ELISA test, while epidemiological data were obtained by interviewing the farm-owners. I-ELISA was applied to detect the antibodies of CCHF in the serum. The overall seroprevalence of CCHF in cows was 40/184 (21.7%). As for the risk factors associated with increased seroprevalence of the disease, an increase in seroprevalence rates was observed at ages 6, 7 and 8 years 30.5%, among females 26.3% and imported animals 27.5%. which showed that the serological prevalence in indoor feeding and outdoor feeding, was not significantly different (p<0.05). This study concluded that there is a higher seroprevalence of CCHF in Mosul city along with many risk factors related to its incidence.
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