The formation and deformation history of back-arc basins play a critical role in understanding the tectonics of plate interactions. Furthermore, opening of extensional back-arc basins during the ...overall convergence between Africa and Europe is a fundamental process in the overall tectonic evolution of the Mediterranean and adjacent areas. In this frame, Miocene tectonic evolution of the western Pannonian Basin of Central Europe and its connection to inherited Cretaceous structures of the Eastern Alpine nappes are presented.
Revision of published and addition of new structural and thermochronological data, as well as seismic profiles from the western Pannonian Basin is complemented by high-resolution thermo-mechanical numerical modeling in order to propose a new physically consistent tectono-sedimentary model for the basin evolution. The onset of extension is dated as ~25–23 Ma, and higher rates are inferred between 19 and 15 Ma at the south-western part of the area (Pohorje, Kozjak Domes, Murska Sobota Ridge, and Mura-Zala Basin). Rift initiation involved the exhumation of the middle part of the Austroalpine nappe pile along low-angle detachment faults and mylonite zones. The Miocene low-angle shear zones could reactivate major Cretaceous thrust boundaries, the exhumation channel of ultra-high-pressure rocks of the Pohorje Dome, or Late Cretaceous extensional structures. Miocene extension was associated with granodiorite and dacite intrusions between 18.64 and 15 Ma. The Pohorje pluton intruded at variable depth from ~4 to 16–18 km and experienced ductile stretching, westward tilting, and asymmetric exhumation of its eastern side. Terrestrial early Miocene (Ottnangian to Karpatian, 19–17.25 Ma) syn-rift depositional environment in supradetachment basins evolved to near-shore and bathyal one by the middle Miocene (Badenian, 15.97–12.8 Ma). Deformation subsequently migrated eastwards to the western part of the Transdanubian Range (Keszthely Hills) and to newly formed grabens. In this formerly emerged terrestrial area active faulting started at 15–14.5 Ma and continued through the late Miocene almost continuously up to ~8 Ma but basically terminated in the Mura-Zala Basin by ~15 Ma (early Badenian). These observations suggest a ~200 km shift of active faulting, basin formation, and related syn-tectonic sedimentation from the SW (Pohorje and Mura-Zala Basin) toward the Pannonian Basin center. Building on the above described observational and modeling data makes the Pannonian Basin an ideal natural laboratory for understanding the coupling between deep Earth and surface processes.
•Variable extensional structures characterize the western Pannonian Basin.•Exhumation of deeper crustal rocks along detachments occurred in the Miocene.•Depocenters and faulting shifted from basin margin toward basin center.•Thermomechanical modelling predicts depocenter migration within 12 Ma.•Miocene extensional structures reactivated and were bounded to inherited weakness zones.
Purpose The purpose of the paper is to present the results of research in the region covered by the Murska Sobota Police Directorate based on semi-structured interviews we conducted with community ...policing officers in the rural and urban areas of Pomurje. Design/methodology/approach Community policing is one of the more recent (yet hardly new) ways of ensuring security. It focuses on collaboration between citizens and the police, the joint identification of security issues and resolving them. Not long ago, it was established that policing varies depending on geographical criteria, specifically the urbanisation of the environment since police work in cities is often very narrowly specialised compared to in a rural environment. We were therefore interested in whether the Pomurje region also shows that it is easier to practise community policing in rural areas compared to cities. Findings The research results confirm previous findings; namely, that in urban areas approximately two-thirds of the population does not know the community policing officer, leading to the mutual cooperation between residents and the police being poorer than in rural areas. The conclusion describes ways of improving the established situation facing Pomurje. Research limitations/implications We see the limitations of the study in the peculiarities of the Pomurje region; therefore the results cannot be generalised and applied in areas of other police directorates. Originality/value The survey offers insight into rural and urban policing in the Pomurje region at the same time, focusing on possibilities for improvements.
This paper investigates depletion rates and available thermal water resources of the transboundary Upper Pannonian loose sandstone geothermal aquifer of the Mura Formation in the Mura-Zala ...sedimentary basin in north-eastern Slovenia, and outlines a regional reinjection strategy to mitigate depletion. The research monitoring network of 12 geothermal wells, which is being constantly upgraded since 2009, has highlighted that the current abstraction rate of 2.4 million m
3
in 2014 is not sustainable because hydraulic state has been continuously deteriorating regionally while the chemical state is affected only locally. The average regional drawdown rate in observation wells is 0.67 m annually, while very rough average value for abstraction wells is 3.0 m per year. The cumulative historical regional drawdown is above 16 m. The available thermal water resources are addressed as the cumulative abstraction rate which reverses the observed declining trend of groundwater levels, and were numerically assessed to be ~1.3 million m
3
of thermal water per year. These numerical models set up in the AUTOUGH2 code also provided the quantification tool of the regional groundwater balance and confirmed the gravity-driven regional groundwater flow with prevailing conductive heat transfer mechanism. Simulations of the regional reinjection strategy outline that the cumulative reinjection rate of ~1.48 million m
3
of thermal water per year should be sufficient to reach good status of the aquifer if the cumulative regional abstraction rate does not change. If it does, the rate should be adjusted accordingly. The water is provided by eight users of geothermal heat and should be returned by the existing reinjection wells in Lendava and Murska Sobota and two new wells situated in the central part of the basin by 2021 the latest. These findings should enhance optimization of exploitation practice and implementation of geothermal doublets in the region as the successful example of a doublet in Lendava exemplifies that no major technological issues should occur if the system is properly designed.
Between 1908 and 1912, Murska Sobota got three new churches. For a town that changed its rural image into an urban district centre at the turn of the century, these represented a remarkable ...architectural surplus. In the spirit of Secession, the completely rebuilt Catholic Church of St. Nicholas, today's cathedral, is an important building achievement of the local architect Ladislav Takač. The neo-Gothic complex of the Evangelical Church, with a rectory and a cantor's house, enriched the image of the main town street. Not far away, a magnificent synagogue, designed by the famous architect of such buildings in the Hungarian area Lipót Baumhorn, got its place. The new church buildings were an external expression of the power and importance of the three religion communities, whose dignitaries held important positions in the town's administrative, financial and school institutions, and were one of the driving forces of the town's economic and cultural development. Regardless of the number of believers, among whom Catholics predominated, the equal coexistence of three religious communities had a significant impact on the development of Murska Sobota in the period from the second half of the 19th century to the Second World War. Of course, tolerant coexistence was not a permanent state. Changing political situation, exclusionary and politically based legislation, the prevailing political affiliation of members of different religious groups and their prevailing national identification, historical resentments, prejudices, ignorance – these are all elements that need to be considered if we want to create a more comprehensive picture of their relations. In this article, I especially emphasize the relations between religious groups according to their prevailing national identity. We are talking about the time of the emergence of nationalisms associated with the formation of nation-states in the 19th century. That ultimately resulted in the collapse of one multinational monarchy, the emergence of a new multinational monarchy, part of which Prekmurje became in 1919, and revisionist Hungarian politics, that joined the Triple Alliance to achieve its national goals.
Thermal water produced from the Sob-1 well is a water mixture contributed from several stratified aquifers that belong to two hydrogeological subsystems termed Middle- and Upper Subsystem. The ...subsystems’ thermal waters differ appreciably in the REE and Y signatures; ΣREE + Y averages to about 10 and 0.2 ppb for the Middle- and Upper-subsystem, respectively. As the Sob-1 well experiences pressure cycling, the inflow from the subsystems’ aquifers is not constant but cycles as well causing the cycling of chemical composition of abstracted thermal water mixture, including REEs and Y. PAAS normalized cycling REE and Y distribution for thermal water mixture from the Sob-1 well indicates that the abundance of REEs and Y is mainly controlled by solubility of their carbonate and bicarbonate species, and therefore by availability of free and dissolved carbon dioxide in the aquifer.
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Ob vsem kar se dogaja, vključno z letalskim bombardiranjem pred slabo uro avtoceste pri Vodicah v Ljubljani, ...se upravičeno zastavlja vprašanje, komu so namenjena lažna sporočila Zveznega sekretariata za ljudsko obrambo in tudi Anteja Markoviča o ustavitvi ognja. Zato poglejmo, kaj se dejansko dogaja po Sloveniji.
Poročilo s Šentilja, letala preletavajo, goreči tovornjak, hiše.
Holmec: dim, cesta, rešilni avto, barikade, medicinska sestra, ranjenec.
Murska Sobota: bombardiranje Murske Sobote, prelet vojaških letal, kasarna, vojak JA, reporter pred kasarno, sledovi strelov na kasarni, naboj na roki, pokaže kaj lahko uniči, hiše, občani, tovornjak, barikade.- Information:- Slovenia: The escalation of YA aggression: armed conflicts at the Šentilj and Holmec international border crossings; air assault by the YA on the town of Murska Sobota.- Original language summary:
Slovenija: vse hujše stopnjevanje nasilja zvezne armade; boji na mejnih prehodih Šentilj in Holmec, bombardiranje Murske Sobote.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
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Murska Sobota: »Trezino senje«, sejem v Murski Soboti; ljudje na sejmu, ljudje, lončeni izdelki, lectova srca, ...suha roba.- Original language summary:
Murska Sobota: tradicionalni sejem »Trezino senje«.- Murska Sobota: traditional fair with arts and crafts products »Trezino senje«.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
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