In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O’Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize ...the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe’s far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia.
As Regiões Ultraperiféricas (RUPs) da União Europeia têm uma relevância geoestratégica que passa frequentemente despercebida, relevância essa que poderá ser aumentada significativamente caso a UE, as ...suas instituições e os seus Estados‑ membros escolham fortalecer as políticas europeias na área da Defesa e da presença da UE no Mundo. Neste artigo, procuramos demonstrar que o combate às ameaças securitárias tradicionais é apenas uma das problemáticas nas quais as RUPs podem ser uma mais‑ valia para a UE e para a NATO. A ascensão e o surgimento de outros tipos de constrangimentos à segurança global trazem com elas a necessidade das grandes potências se adaptarem.Ao assumir a responsabilidade de contribuir para e de levar a cabo missões próprias de manutenção de paz e de apoio em países e zonas do Mundo afetadas por estes novos perigos, a UE tem a necessidade de possuir pontos estratégicos no globo a partir dos quais pode lançar, monitorizar e prestar apoio logístico a tais empreendimentos.
This research paper emphasizes the importance of NATO’s adaptation to non-traditional threats in maintaining stability and security in the changing security environment. It highlights the need for ...NATO allies to prioritize the development of strategies and action plans that address emerging issues such as new technologies, energy security, climate change, hybrid threats, and cyber threats.
The paper suggests that in order to effectively counter these non-traditional threats, NATO must remain current with the latest technological advancements. As such, the paper recommends that NATO allies develop new strategies and action plans without delay to counter these threats and ensure security. The relevance of NATO can only be ensured through its transformation and adaptation, which in turn makes its existence self-justified.
Currently, the international environment is characterized by complexity. Global security is threatened by numerous factors, and specific organizations like NATO, OSCE, or the UN strive to eliminate ...or minimize these challenges. In this regard, an important element is the economic evolution of states. Economic supremacy is accompanied by advantages in other areas of development such as the political, social, or military. China is the state that has surprised the whole world with its ability to evolve economically, becoming an important actor in the field in a relatively short time. This status brings both benefits and numerous obligations, including the need to cooperate with security organizations to develop a climate of peace at the international level. That is precisely why the Chinese state must maintain good relationships with these organizations and make efforts to generate its own collective security, ensuring a climate of peace and setting an example for other structures.
20 Jahre nach den NATO-Luftangriffen auf Serbien im Rahmen des Kosovokrieges eröffnet Elisa Satjukow den Blick auf die »andere Seite« dieser Intervention. Anhand bisher unerschlossener Dokumente ...fragt sie nach den Erfahrungen, Emotionen und Erinnerungen der serbischen Gesellschaft unter den Bedingungen von Bomben und Ausnahmezustand im Frühjahr 1999. Dabei zeigt sie, dass die NATO-Intervention nicht nur eine Schlüsselerfahrung der Milosevic-Ära darstellt: Bis heute bildet der völkerrechtswidrige Einsatz einen umkämpften Erinnerungsort für Serbien, das zwischen Russland und Europa, zwischen Opfertum und Heroismus, zwischen Nationalismus und Demokratie seinen Weg sucht.
The main goal of this paper is to outline the importance of Article 4 in the daily work of the North Atlantic Treaty Association. The paper answer the questions such as: in what cases are ...consultations called? Who can apply for consultations in NATO? What role does consultation play in the organization's decision-making? What kind of consultations can hold in the organization? A broad definition of consultation in the paper demonstrates its importance and effectiveness in the work of an organization. At the same time, practical examples indicate that it is very effective, and based on it, the Member States can make the best decisions. This allows the Member States not only to respond to threats of territorial integrity, political independence and security but also to have a preventive nature. The paper also includes the definition of bases of consultations that may threaten: that's are territorial integrity, political independence or security. Accordingly, the political and legal meanings of these terms are widely defined. Finally, the paper provides a clear legal definition of Article 4 of the founding Treaty of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which will enable the interested party to comprehend the conditions of this paper.
The paper aims at a retrospective analysis of the evolution of the NATO in the context of the new security challenges that have arisen, especially in the eastern and northeastern areas of Europe, and ...of the factors that have substantially contributed to the strategic orientation of the political-military organization, acting both from within, as well as from without. The work follows in stages the events that had a major impact on the positioning of the Alliance in one direction or another, while remaining consistent with the principles established in the Washington Treaty. Descouragement and defense are only part of the Alliance's eighth strategic concept.
Abstract The western response to Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 was unprecedented. The states of the European Union, the G7 and NATO have targeted Russia with sanctions and ...diplomatic isolation, and furnished Ukraine with military assistance sufficient to ensure the Zelensky regime's survival. These efforts have proven insufficient to dislodge Russia from its occupation of Ukrainian territory. Nonetheless, when launched in the aftermath of the invasion, they were seen (and often justified as) as bold, innovative, and steadfast—a necessary response to a grievous act. What explains this response? In this article we argue that the answer lies in the emotions of guilt and shame for past actions and mistakes in the West's dealings with Russia and Ukraine. Informed by a qualitative discourse analysis of key speeches, statements and interviews with leading western policy-makers (past and present), we regard these two emotions—expressed as apologies and the acknowledgment of mistakes—as important drivers of policy. This article contributes to the bourgeoning literature on emotions in world politics. In addition to offering a coherent explanation of the West's unprecedented response our argument has policy implications. While the admission of wrongdoing is laudable, it can lead to actors overcompensating, resulting in further mistakes and policy failures. Fast-tracking Ukraine into the European Union would be one such error.
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