Purpose: Within the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa, no record of factors that inhibit the successful pursuit of the food truck business exists. This study closes this ...gap, as its chief goal was to ascertain the factors influencing the sustainability of food truck entrepreneurs in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB). Theoretical Framework: The study used a conceptual framework developed from previous studies on factors that affect food truck entrepreneurs and business sustainability. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data for the study was collected through semi-structured interviews with seven food truck entrepreneurs from NMB. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Findings: Reviewing the factors that have been highlighted in this study, it is evident that several factors are most important for a food truck business to remain sustainable and profitable. It was established that both internal and external factors play an important role in the success of a food truck business. A framework that highlights the factors influencing a food truck business in NMB has been created for ease of use by entrepreneurs in the food truck industry. Research, Practical & Social Implications: Prospective and current practitioners in the field can predict the long-term success of their endeavours by understanding the factors. The framework can also be used by metro officials and local governments to determine where support might be needed to promote and support entrepreneurs in their business ventures by reviewing policies and regulations. Originality/Value: Improved regulations could help food truck owners grow their businesses, employ more people, and upskill others.
O livro Conversas que tive comigo mostra com profundidade o Nelson Mandela (como é conhecido em todo mundo), Madiba, Tata, Rolihlahla alguns de seus nomes conhecido pelo povo da África. Nasceu na ...cidade de Transkei, África do Sul, em 18 de julho de 1918 e morreu numa quinta-feira no dia 05 de dezembro de 2013, aos 95 anos. Ele lutou contra o regime de segregação racial, o Apartheid, em seu país. O regime, como se sabe, negava aos africanos, o direito de viver livres em seu próprio território tradicional. O livro é constituído de escritos de Mandela, em sua maioria, nos quase 28 anos de sua vida que foi preso político. Palavras-Chave: Resenha. Conversas que tive comigo. Nelson Mandela
Design science research is typically used to conduct research in the information systems space. Design science research has also existed for many years, and might be seen as a daunting task when ...first undertaken by inexperienced researchers. This is most likely due to the various approaches and terminologies that exist for conducting design science research. Therefore, this paper proposes a tailor-made approach for inexperienced researchers to conduct design science research. Accordingly, this approach aims to specifically assist researchers to develop an artefact as a research contribution in an environment where the artefact is developed and evaluated concurrently in close collaboration with stakeholders.
Epistemic Freedom in Africa is about the struggle for African people to think, theorize, interpret the world and write from where they are located, unencumbered by Eurocentrism. The imperial denial ...of common humanity to some human beings meant that in turn their knowledges and experiences lost their value, their epistemic virtue. Now, in the twenty-first century, descendants of enslaved, displaced, colonized, and racialized peoples have entered academies across the world, proclaiming loudly that they are human beings, their lives matter and they were born into valid and legitimate knowledge systems that are capable of helping humanity to transcend the current epistemic and systemic crises. Together, they are engaging in diverse struggles for cognitive justice, fighting against the epistemic line which haunts the twenty-first century.The renowned historian and decolonial theorist Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni offers a penetrating and well-argued case for centering Africa as a legitimate historical unit of analysis and epistemic site from which to interpret the world, whilst simultaneously making an equally strong argument for globalizing knowledge from Africa so as to attain ecologies of knowledges. This is a dual process of both deprovincializing Africa, and in turn provincializing Europe. The book highlights how the mental universe of Africa was invaded and colonized, the long-standing struggles for 'an African university', and the trajectories of contemporary decolonial movements such as Rhodes Must Fall and Fees Must Fall in South Africa. This landmark work underscores the fact that only once the problem of epistemic freedom has been addressed can Africa achieve political, cultural, economic and other freedoms.This groundbreaking new book is accessible to students and scholars across Education, History, Philosophy, Ethics, African Studies, Development Studies, Politics, International Relations, Sociology, Postcolonial Studies and the emerging field of Decolonial Studies.
Nelson Mandela as poetic trope Lewis, Simon
Journal of the African Literature Association,
03/2022, Letnik:
16, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Over the last fifty or sixty years, Nelson Mandela has almost certainly been the most frequently mentioned public figure in South African poetry. As with the "shape-shifting quality" (Barnard 5) of ...his political iconicity, so his representation in poetry has varied over time. More often than not, the meaning of "Mandela" in any given poem tells us as much about the poet's attitudes as about Mandela the (once-)living man, but the sheer frequency of the references attests to his unique stature. This essay illustrates the range of meanings ascribed to Mandela by poets from the 1960s to the present day: the stoic embodiment of resistance during his imprisonment, the messianic figure leading his people to freedom in 1990, the potentially compromised/compromising politician following his release, and finally the revered elder trapped by his own iconicity and weighed down by the burden of public (over-)expectation. The essay concludes by suggesting that Mandela's name will continue to be invoked in the future as a kind of touchstone of personal character, political probity, and national promise.
Solitary confinement cells are where those considered to be too dangerous to themselves or to others, too troublesome, too mentally unwell, or simply different, will be locked away, spending 22-24 ...hours a day alone, out of sight and out of mind.
Solitary confinement is an extreme and harmful practice on the cusp of prohibited treatment of people deprived of their liberty, with potentially grave consequences for the individuals concerned and the societies to which they eventually return.
This article reflects on some of the achievements, and remaining challenges, around the use and regulation of solitary confinement practices internationally in the last 30 years, drawing on recent developments and the author’s work in the area.
Community health workers (CHWs) cover extensive areas observing the environmental conditions in which community members live. However, current CHW training modules do not have modules focusing ...specifically on environmental health. CHWs appear to lack knowledge of environmental health hazards, and little is known of their attitudes and practices regarding environmental health hazards. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of CHWs in relation to environmental health hazards in the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB).
This study used a quantitative, cross-sectional research design. A sample of 110 respondents completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the literature, consisting of 36 items in four sections. Data analysis consisted of descriptive and inferential statistics. Reliability and validity were enhanced by utilizing a pre-test study.
There were significant differences in attitudes (t = -2.308, df = 91.107,
= 0.023) and practices (t = -2.936, df = 62.491,
= 0.005). Those trained in environmental health had a significantly lower mean attitudes score (m = 3.2365, sd = 1.113) compared to those not trained in environmental health (m = 3.694, sd = 0.894). In addition, those trained in environmental health had a significantly lower mean practice score (practiced more frequently) (m = 1.231, sd = 0.327) compared to those not trained in environmental health (m = 1.4605, sd = 0.4162). Regarding training, 62% (
= 67) of CHWs felt they needed additional training in environmental health.
Most of the CHWs had a moderate knowledge of environmental health hazards. Furthermore, most of the CHWs had a very positive or positive attitude towards environmental health hazards. However, there is a need for CHWs to receive very specific training in environmental health. In addition, the scope of work of CHWs, as well as their role in relation to environmental health, needs to be further explored.
Summary/Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has plunged the world into turmoil and uncertainty. The academic world is no exception. In South Africa, due to a nationwide lockdown imposed by government, ...universities had to suspend all academic activities, but very quickly explored online teaching and learning options in order to ensure continued education to students. As far as Clinical Legal Education, or CLE, is concerned, such online options of teaching and learning could present problems to university law faculties, university law clinics and law students in general, as CLE is a practical methodology, usually following a live-client or simulation model, depending on the particular university and law clinic.
This article provides insight into the online methodology followed by the Nelson Mandela University, or NMU. The NMU presents CLE as part of its Legal Practice-module and conventionally follows the live-client model. As the national lockdown in South Africa required inter alia social distancing, the live-client model had been temporarily suspended by the NMU Law Faculty Management Committee and replaced with an online methodology. The aim of this was an attempt to complete the first semester of the academic year in 2020. This online methodology is structured so as to provide practical-orientated training to students relating to a wide variety of topics, including drafting of legal documents, divorce matters, medico-legal practice, labour legal practice, criminal legal practice, as well as professional ethics. The online training took place in two staggered teaching and learning pathways in line with the strategy of the NMU, underpinned by the principle of “no student will be left behind.” In this way, provision had been made for students with online connectivity and access to electronic devices, students with online connectivity only after return to campus or another venue where connectivity is possible and electronic devices are available, as well as for students who do not have access to online connectivity and electronic devices at all.
The reworked CLE-programme of the NMU, planned for the second semester of the 2020-academic year, will also be discussed in this article. The online methodology, followed by the NMU, should however not be viewed as definitive or cast in stone in any way. There might be – and there surely are – alternative methodologies, both online and otherwise, that may provide equally good or even better training to CLE-students during a global pandemic. Alternative suggestions in this regard will also be discussed in this article.
It is hoped that this article will provide inspiration, as well as assistance, to university law faculties and law clinics that are struggling to engage with continued practical legal education during the testing and uncertain times brought about by the Covid-19 pandemic. It is further hoped that this article may provide guidance in other difficult and unforeseen future instances that may await CLE. In this regard, it is important to remember that the Fourth Industrial Revolution is rapidly increasing its grip on the world and that CLE will have to adapt to the demands thereof.
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