"This book presents the theory and practice of impact assessment tailored to new border control technologies that are increasingly employed at state borders with the aim of facilitating border ...checks. Experience has shown that their use often comes into conflict with societal values such as the respect for fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection. As a result, there is a growing need to accommodate two requirements, the first being the deployment of new border control technologies and the second being the respect for relevant societal values. This book introduces a tool that seeks to accommodate both requirements: impact assessment. Impact assessment is an evaluation technique used to analyse the potential future consequences of a given measure for societal values. The main objective of the assessment process is to support informed decision-making about whether or not, and under what conditions, to deploy a given measure. Border Control and New Technologies. Addressing Integrated Impact Assessment is addressed predominantly to border control authorities in the European Union and in the Schengen Area who wish to ensure that new technologies for controlling state borders respect the principles of democracy, the rule of law and human rights. The book will be of interest also for border control officials elsewhere in the world as well as for anyone dealing with the theory and practice of impact assessment."
Nove oblike odločanja za trajnostni razvoj Praper Gulič, Sergeja; Pfefferkorn, Wolfgang; Golobič, Mojca
Urbani izziv,
2007, 20070101, 2007-01-01, Letnik:
18, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Avtorji se v članku ukvarjajo z vprašanjem, v kolikšni meri in na kakšen način oblika odločitvenega procesa vpliva na njegove rezultate z vidika meril trajnostnega razvoja. Kratek pregled znanstvene ...in politične razprave pokaže visoko mero zaupanja v uspešnost participativnih oblik odločanja pri doseganju trajnostnega razvoja. Med tem ko je prispevek participacije pri zagotavljanju preglednosti postopka, vključevanja, poštenosti in soodločevalskih možnosti za prizadeto javnost nedvoumen in dokazljiv, pa je njihov vpliv na doseganje drugih ciljev trajnostnega razvoja manj jasen in podprt z empiričnimi dokazi. Splošen pregled odločevalske prakse pri doseganju ciljev trajnostnega razvoja potrjuje nezadostnost tradicionalnih odločevalskih oblik, kot so tržni, tehnokratski in posvetovalni procesi. Drugi del članka pa predstavlja rezultate študije, ki je poskusila zbrati dokaze o učinkovitosti soodločevalskih praks na osnovi analize primerov dobre prakse, ki so bili zbrani in opisani v okviru projekta Prihodnost v Alpah. Podrobna analiza teh primerov je pokazala, da so dokaj učinkoviti pri doseganju ciljev trajnostnega razvoja. Po pričakovanju je bila njihova uspešnost največja na področju družbenih ciljev, prispevek k okoljskim ciljem je bil na splošno tudi visok, vendar včasih dvoumen, med tem ko so učinki na gospodarstvo ocenjeni kot precej dolgoročni in včasih prerazdelitveni.
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate rural women's attitudes to their participation in the decision-making process and production of potato crops in Shoushtar, Iran. It is an applied ...research for which a descriptive-correlation method is chosen. Using the documentary study methodology and field study, required data have been collected and then described in terms of frequency, percentage and standard deviation. According to the size of population, the number of samples was determined to be 288 people. According to the results, there is a significant correlation between the level of attitude and participation in the decision-making process and production. Also, the rural women's higher levels of attitude to their participation in decision-making processes regarding crop production and farm work improves their self-confidence, sense of independence and power and, therefore, encourages them to participate in those activities effectively.
Cilj raziskave je ovrednotiti držo podeželskih žensk do njihove udeležbe v procesu odločanja in pridelave krompirja v Shoushtarju v Iranu. Gre za aplikativno raziskavo, pri kateri je uporabljena deskriptivno-korelacijska metoda. Želeni podatki so bili zbrani s pomočjo študija metodološke literature in terenske raziskave, predstavljeni pa so s frekvencami, odstotki in variancami. Glede na velikost populacije je bil izbran vzorec, ki je zajemal 288 ljudi. Rezultati so nakazali močno povezavo med odnosom do dela ter participacijo v procesih odločanja in pridelave. Rezultati so prav tako pokazali, da boljša drža žensk do njihove participacije v procesu odločanja glede pridelovanja in dela na kmetiji izboljša njihovo samozavest, občutek neodvisnosti in moči ter jih tako spodbuja k učinkovitemu sodelovanju v teh dejavnostih.
In the article, we suggest a method of decision-making about the number and composition of functional regions in the state. The method considers the economic variable of the average monthly gross ...earnings per capita in the functional region (the variability between regions should be minimal) as well as the guidelines for the population size of the regions. The method was applied to analyse regions at NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 levels in Slovenia in 2000-2010. In our application we are looking for equally developed regions (with the smallest disparities between regions possible).
In the article, we suggest a method of decision-making about the number and composition of functional regions in the state. The method considers the economic variable of the average monthly gross ...earnings per capita in the functional region (the variability between regions should be minimal) as well as the guidelines for the population size of the regions. The method was applied to analyse regions at NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 levels in Slovenia in 2000-2010. In our application we are looking for equally developed regions (with the smallest disparities between regions possible).
Koncept varstva pred škodljivim delovanjem voda se sistemsko nanaša na odnos med poplavno nevarnostjo, poplavno ranljivostjo in poplavno ogroženostjo. Doslej je bila pozornost usmerjena predvsem na ...postopke in vsebine, povezane s poplavno nevarnostjo. Pri raziskovalnem delu s partnerji pa obravnavamo tudi poplavno ranljivost in ogroženost, kar omogoča začetek procesov za sistemsko zmanjšanje slednje. V prispevku bo predstavljen osnovni teoretični pristop, ki opredeljuje poplavno ranljivost, in iz tega izhajajočo poplavno ogroženost, oboje v povezavi s poplavno nevarnostjo. Pri tem je ključnega pomena denarno vrednotenje poplavne ogroženosti oziroma pričakovane poplavne škode. Podajamo tudi ugotovitev, da v evidencah, ki so na voljo v Sloveniji, manjka podatek o koti pritličja objekta. V članku bo predstavljen nov koncept opredeljevanja poplavne ogroženosti glede na različne namene: interventno ukrepanje, izbor ukrepov za zmanjšanje poplavne nevarnosti, razvoj individualnih zaščitnih ukrepov idr. Vsi navedeni ukrepi imajo tudi prostorsko dimenzijo, ki jo upoštevamo kot merilo pri umeščanju v prostor. Tako bo posebej poudarjen vidik prostorskega umeščanja obravnave poplavne ogroženosti in njenega zmanjševanja, ki bi moral biti vključen tudi v dokumente, s katerimi se opredeljuje prostorski razvoj nekega območja ; The conceptual framework of flood management addresses the relationship among flood hazard, flood vulnerability and flood risk. Most of the active efforts in the Republic of Slovenia were focused towards flood hazard mapping. In this research, the issue of flood vulnerability and flood hazard is addressed in order to systematically reduce flood hazards. In this article, an advanced theoretical approach is presented, which defines flood vulnerability and (in connection to flood risk) provides information on flood hazards. Based upon this, it is possible to define flood hazards in monetary terms. This approach is setting forward special information that is missing from existing public registries, i.e. benchmark data. The article also presents a new concept of flood hazard definition, which is based upon different uses of flood hazard information: rescue and relief measures, optimization and selection of flood hazard mitigation measures, development of individual flood proofing measures, and other. All the listed measures have their spatial dimension, which is also a subject of positioning into space. In this framework, an information of spatial positioning of existing flood hazard and mitigation measures aiming at the reduction of flood hazard is challenged, especially from the point of view of development of documents that define development of specific area.
Na Nizozemskem več stanovanjskih združenj ponuja svoja stanovanja tudi za prodajo. Najemniki novih ali obstoječih stanovanj se lahko odločijo, ali bodo sklenili klasično najemniško pogodbo ali pa ...bodo stanovanje kupili. Strokovnjaki za stanovanjska vprašanja pričakujejo, da bo tako imenovani program strankina izbira deloval spodbudno, vendar številnih vplivov programa še niso ugotovili in raziskali. V tem članku presojamo različne učinke programa. Presoja temelji na mnenjih najemnikov, ki smo jih pridobili z anketo. Najemniki so ponudbe veseli, vendar so njihova pričakovanja in izkušnje, ki se navezujejo na program strankina izbira, drugačni od pričakovanj in izkušenj upraviteljev stanovanjskih združenj in so na splošno manj optimistični.
Theories of Team Cognition Salas, Eduardo; Fiore, Stephen M; Letsky, Michael P
2012, 20130617, 2011, 2013-06-17, 20120101
eBook
Cognitive processes in teams have been a valuable arena for team researchers to explore. Team cognition research advances and informs a variety of disciplines, including cognitive and social ...sciences, engineering, military science, organizational science, human factors, medicine, and communications. There has been a great deal of progress in the team cognition literature, yet the field is still in its early stages of maturity. There is much more to be gained from the field's insights and there is a need to unite the diverse array of scholarly ideas that permeate the field. This movement will serve to organize the research and ideas that have surfaced in the field, thereby making them more accessible to different disciplines while at the same time, motivating continued progress in the field. This book aims to be a step in this direction and acts as a forum for leading scholars to share their ideas, theories, models, and conceptions about what matters and where more attention is needed in the field of team cognition.
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