This paper presents a new control method to suppress current harmonics for permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMSLM) that is applied in the miniature microsecond laser cutting system. In the ...control method, the resonant-two-degree-of-freedom (R-2DOF) proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller is proposed by combining a resonant controller and a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) PID controller. The current harmonic components are first analyzed. The resonant controller is subsequently added to the current loop in parallel to the traditional PI controller to suppress the current harmonic components. However, with the current harmonics suppression, the resonant controller can result in the overshoot in the current loop response. The 2DOF PID controller is adopted to reduce the overshoot. Thus, an R-2DOF PID controller is developed by combining the resonant controller and 2DOF PID controller. Meanwhile, the stability of the proposed controller is analyzed. Compared with the traditional PID controller and the Kalman filter, the proposed controller not only can suppress the current harmonics but can reduce the overshoot and thrust ripple as well. Finally, the simulation and experimental comparison results confirm the validity of the proposed control algorithm.
Review of fractional PID controller Shah, Pritesh; Agashe, Sudhir
Mechatronics (Oxford),
September 2016, 2016-09-00, Letnik:
38
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Fractional calculus has been studied for over three centuries, and it has multifarious applications in science and engineering. This review investigates its progress since the first reported use of ...control systems, covering the fractional PID proposed by Podlubny in 1994, and is presenting a state-of-the-art fractional PID controller, incorporating the latest contributions in this field. It highlights developments in the field of fractional PID controllers, including their design and tuning, as well as explores their various versions. Software tools associated to the design of fractional PID controllers are also discussed.
In this paper, two different speed controllers i.e., fuzzy online gain tuned anti wind up Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller and fuzzy PID supervised online ANFIS controller for ...the speed control of brushless dc motor have been proposed. The control system parameters such as rise time, settling time, peak time, recovery time, peak overshoot and undershoot of speed response of the brushless dc motor with the proposed controllers have been compared with already published controllers such as anti wind up PID controller, fuzzy PID controller, offline ANFIS controller, PID supervised online ANFIS controller and On-line Recursive least square—error back propagation algorithm based ANFIS controller. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers, the brushless dc motor is operated under constant load condition, varying load conditions and varying set speed conditions. The simulation results under MATLAB environment have predicted better performance with fuzzy PID supervised online ANFIS controller under all operating conditions of the drive.
•Fuzzy online gain tuned anti wind up PID and Fuzzy PID supervised online ANFIS based speed controllers are proposed for brushless dc motor.•Simulation has been performed and analyzed for varying speed and load conditions.•The proposed controller effectively eliminates the problem of wind up phenomenon and also improves the control system performance in all operating conditions of the brushless dc motor.
In the fast developing world of today, automatic generation control (AGC) plays an incredibly significant role in offering inevident demand of good quality power supply in power system. To deliver a ...quality power, AGC system requires an efficient and intelligent control algorithm. Hence, in this paper, a novel fractional order fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (FOFPID) controller is proposed for AGC of electric power generating systems. The proposed controller is tested for the first time on three structures of multi-area multi-source AGC system. The gains and fractional order parameters such as order of integrator (λ) and differentiator (µ and γ) of FOFPID controller are optimized using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA). Initially, the proposed controller is implemented on a traditional two-area multi-source hydrothermal power system and its effectiveness is established by comparing the results with FOPID, fuzzy PID (FPID) and PI/PID controller based on recently published optimization techniques like hybrid firefly algorithm-pattern search (hFA-PS) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The approach is further extended to restructured multi-source hydrothermal and thermal gas systems. It is observed that the dynamic performance of the proposed BFOA optimized FOFPID controller is superior to BFOA optimized FPID/FOPID/PID and differential evolution (DE)/genetic algorithm (GA) optimized PID controllers. It is also detected that the dynamic responses obtained under different power transactions with/without appropriate generation rate constraint, time delay and governor dead-zone effectively satisfy the AGC requirement in deregulated environment. Moreover, robustness of the suggested approach is verified against wide variations in the nominal initial loading, system parameters, distribution company participation matrix structure and size and position of uncontracted power demand.
•A novel fractional controller structure is investigated based on internal model control scheme.•An analytical method is proposed for the controller parameters tuning using maximum sensitivity.•The ...proposed fractional IMC-PID controller has a good robustness with respect to process variation and model uncertainty.•The controller parameters can be easily determined by a given robust degree (maximum sensitivity).
A simple approach with a small number of tuning parameters is a key goal in fractional order controller design. Recently there have been a number of limited attempts to bring about improvements in these areas. In this paper, a new design method for a fractional order PID controller based on internal model control (IMC) is proposed to handle non-integer order systems with time delay. In order to reduce the number of tuning parameters and mitigate the impact of time delay, the fractional order internal model control scheme is used. Considering the robustness of the control system with respect to process variations and model uncertainty, maximum sensitivity is applied to the tuning of the parameters. The resulting controller has the structure of a fractional order PID which is cascaded with a filter. This is named a fractional IMC–PID controller. Numerical results are given to show the efficiency of the proposed controller.
Complex fractional Order PID (COPID) controller is an extension to the Real fractional Order PID (ROPID) controller by extending the orders of differentiation and integration to include complex ...numbers, i.e., two extra parameters (the imaginary parts of the orders of the differentiator and the integrator) are introduced into the formula of the controller. The purpose is to overcome the limitation stemmed from restricting the parameters of the ROPID controller to belong to certain intervals, where this limitation results in a control system that does not satisfy the required design specification accurately. In this paper, analysis and design of COPID controller is presented, and for comparison purposes, both ROPID and COPID controllers are designed for a low pressure flowing water circuit, which is a First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) system. The design specifications are given in frequency domain, which are gain crossover frequency, phase margin, and robustness against gain variation. The design specifications are taken as two cases, simple an rigorous, where the latter is considered to demonstrate the superiority of the COPID controller over the ROPID controller to achieve hard specifications. Although the design of the COPID controller is more complex than that of the ROPID controller, the first achieves the required design specification more accurately.
•Integration and differentiation orders of PID controller can be complex numbers.•It presents analysis and design of the COPID controller.•Design of COPID controller are more complex than ROPID controller.•COPID controller has better performance and robustness than ROPID controller.
•Multi-objective optimization-based fractional-order PID controller is designed.•NSGA-II algorithm is augmented with chaotic Logistic and Henon map.•Load disturbance rejection and controller effort ...are minimized as two conflicting objectives.•FOPID controller outperforms the PID controller in suppressing frequency deviation.•Better trade-off is obtained for load-frequency control of power systems with FOPID.
Fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers are designed for load-frequency control (LFC) of two interconnected power systems. Conflicting time-domain design objectives are considered in a multi-objective optimization (MOO)-based design framework to design the gains and the fractional differ-integral orders of the FOPID controllers in the two areas. Here, we explore the effect of augmenting two different chaotic maps along with the uniform random number generator (RNG) in the popular MOO algorithm—the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Different measures of quality for MOO, e.g. hypervolume indicator, moment of inertia-based diversity metric, total Pareto spread, spacing metric, are adopted to select the best set of controller parameters from multiple runs of all the NSGA-II variants (i.e. nominal and chaotic versions). The chaotic versions of the NSGA-II algorithm are compared with the standard NSGA-II in terms of solution quality and computational time. In addition, the Pareto optimal fronts showing the trade-off between the two conflicting time domain design objectives are compared to show the advantage of using the FOPID controller over that with simple PID controller. The nature of fast/slow and high/low noise amplification effects of the FOPID structure or the four quadrant operation in the two inter-connected areas of the power system is also explored. A fuzzy logic-based method has been adopted next to select the best compromise solution from the best Pareto fronts corresponding to each MOO comparison criteria. The time-domain system responses are shown for the fuzzy best compromise solutions under nominal operating conditions. Comparative analysis on the merits and de-merits of each controller structure is reported then. A robustness analysis is also done for the PID and the FOPID controllers.
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•TLBO algorithm is proposed for AGC with 2-DOF PID controller.•Results are compared with TLBO over ZN, GA, BFOA, DE and hBFOA-PSO to show its superiority.•Different sources of power ...generation like thermal, hydro and gas are proposed.•Sensitivity analysis is performed by varying the loading and system parameters.•The proposed approach is investigated under randomly varying step load.
In this paper, a novel Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm with 2-Degree Freedom of Proportional–Integral–Derivative (2-DOF PID) controller is proposed for Automatic Generation Control (AGC). Initially a widely used two area thermal system is considered and the gains of the PI/PID/2-DOF PID controller are optimized employing a TLBO algorithm. The supremacy of the proposed 2-DOF PID controller has been shown by comparing the results with recently published technique such as conventional ZN, GA, BFOA, DE and hBFOA-PSO based PI controllers for the same system. Additionally, the proposed approach is further extended to multi source power system such as thermal, hydro and gas power plant. The advantage of the proposed approach is demonstrated by comparing the results with some recently published approaches. Sensitivity analysis is performed which demonstrates the ability of the proposed approach to wide changes in system parameters. Finally the proposed approach is investigated under random load variation.
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