Binge drinking and suicidal ideation are public health problems that have consequences on the well-being of Peruvian adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between binge drinking ...and suicidal ideation in Peruvian adolescents.
A secondary data analysis of the health questionnaire of the Demographic and Family Health Surveys from 2013 to 2019 was performed. The outcome variable was suicidal ideation in the last 14 days, assessed with one of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) questions, while the independent variable was binge drinking in the last 30 days. Generalized linear models of the Poisson family with logarithmic link (crude and adjusted) were used to assess the association of interest.
Data from a total of 11,609 participants were analyzed. The pooled prevalence of suicidal ideation was 8.5 % (95 % confidence interval CI: 7.8–9.2), and that of binge drinking was 5.8 % (95 % CI: 5.2–6.5). An association was found between binge drinking and suicidal ideation in the adjusted analysis (adjusted prevalence ratio: 2.95; 95 % CI: 1.69–3.09).
The cross-sectional design of the study does not allow for establishing a causal relationship.
Between 2013 and 2019, nine out of every 100 Peruvian adolescents had suicidal ideation, and six out of every 100 adolescents had binge drinking. An association was found between both risk behaviors in Peruvian adolescents.
•Suicidal ideation is a health problem affecting 9 % of Peruvian adolescents.•Binge drinking is a social and health problem that affects 6 % of Peruvian adolescents.•Our study found an association between both problems in Peruvian adolescents.•Identification of binge drinking should be a mandatory criterion in mental health assessment.
La diabetes mellitus es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y causa un aumento de la morbimortalidad en la población afectada con el desarrollo de complicaciones micro y macrovasculares. ...Actualmente la epidemia causada por el SARS-CoV-2 está en constante aumento en muchos países provocando el colapso de los sistemas de salud al generar un aumento de la demanda de atención, así como un aumento de la mortalidad asociada. Los reportes disponibles describen que los pacientes con diabetes mellitus presentan un mayor riesgo de evolución desfavorable, desarrollo de complicaciones e incluso un aumento de la tasa de mortalidad. Se ha propuesto algunos mecanismos fisiopatológicos para tratar de explicar esta especial evolución en los pacientes con diabetes. Ante la presencia de enfermedad por el coronavirus 2019 en nuestro país y de un importante grupo de pacientes de alto riesgo, se presenta una revisión de la fisiopatología y consideraciones de manejo de esta asociación.
In a study of residues from gourd and squash artifacts, we recovered starch grains from manioc (Manihot esculenta), potato (Solanum sp.), chili pepper (Capsicum spp.), arrowroot (Maranta ...arundinacea), and algarrobo (Prosopis sp.) from feasting contexts at the Buena Vista site, a central Peruvian preceramic site dating to almost equal to2200 calendar years B.C. This study has implications for the study of plant food use wherever gourds or squashes are preserved, documents the earliest evidence for the consumption of algarrobo and arrowroot in Peru, and provides insights into foods consumed at feasts.
Between 38.5 ka cal BP and 32.4 ka cal BP, a dacitic Volcanic Explosivity Index 5 eruption at Misti volcano emplaced the Sacarosa tephra-fall deposit. Its biotite phenocrysts, fine grain size, scarce ...lithics, and abundant loose crystals characterize the deposit at locations sampled. The eruption’s ~ 800 °C magma rose rapidly from ~ 10 km depth, culminating in a Plinian eruption which reached a mass eruption rate of 7.7 × 10
6
–4.1 × 10
7
kg/s and emplaced about 3 km
3
of tephra within tens of hours. The unit comprises two layers of subequal thickness separated by a diffuse contact with the upper distinguished by being slightly coarser and less well sorted than the lower. The deposit’s coarser upper layer indicates either climactic conditions or a lesser degree of fragmentation during the latter half of the eruption. Strong winds distributed the deposit southwest of Misti, where it crops out over at least 800 km
2
and drapes the present site of Arequipa with up to 100 cm of tephra. The Sacarosa deposit is the first among the Cayma stage deposits, a distinctive group of felsic, biotite-bearing units, to be carefully described and its eruption characterized. Several Cayma stage deposits were emplaced by voluminous explosive eruptions similar to the Sacarosa eruption, representing a ~ 8.9–15.5 ky interval of powerful eruptions. Such an explosive eruption today would threaten Arequipa’s over 1,100,000 residents, many of whom live within the Sacarosa deposit’s distribution.
Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) caused by a gain-of-function mutation in the PIK3CD gene. It is characterized by recurrent ...respiratory infections, chronic herpes infections, lymphoproliferation, mucosal lymphoid hyperplasia, enteropathy and immune dysregulation. This condition can be misdiagnosed with other diseases, such as lymphoma or other IEI. Additionally, limited knowledge of APDS in physicians could generate delay in diagnosis, treatment and lead to worse outcomes, especially in developing countries. This study aimed to describe the clinical features and treatment of APDS in Peruvian children evaluated in two centers.
We retrospectively analyzed data from eight patients with APDS evaluated in the two main Peruvian clinical immunology centers. Demographics, clinical features, laboratory analysis, and treatment data were included.
All patients were female. At the onset of symptoms and diagnosis, the mean age was 1.4 (SD: 0.98) and 6 (SD: 2.1) years, respectively. The mean delay in diagnosis was 4.5 (SD: 2.7) years. No consanguinity was reported, and only one patient had a family history of IEI. The mortality rate was 25% (2 patients). The main clinical manifestations were lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly (100%), chronic diarrhea and recurrent pneumonia (87.5%), and splenomegaly (62.5%). All the patients had E1021K mutation. Seven patients (87.5%) had elevated IgG and 50% had elevated IgM. Regarding treatment, all the patients received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), 50% were treated with everolimus and only one patient received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, chronic diarrhea, pneumonia, and IVIG treatment were the main features. Our cohort had limited treatment options with calcineurin inhibitors and transplantation and laboratory testing such as lymphocyte population and functional antibody tests. Although genetic testing was done on all the patients, it was supported by international collaboration. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the diagnosis and management impact on patients with APDS in our setting.
The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected higher education and higher education students around the world, but few studies of college students’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic have been ...conducted in Latin America. This study describes the COVID-19-related experiences and perspectives of Peruvian college students. We surveyed 3,427 full-time college students (average age: 23 years) attending a multi-campus Peruvian university in fall 2020. Participants were recruited through the digital platform of the learning management system at their university, email, and social media. We asked participants how they were managing risks related to COVID-19; the continuity of social, educational, and work activities; and the psychological and economic impacts of the pandemic on their lives. Since March 2020, 73.0% of participants reported COVID-19-related symptoms, but only 33.9% were tested for COVID-19. During the national quarantine imposed by the Peruvian government (March 15–June 30, 2020), 64.3% of participants remained in their house. Furthermore, while 44.0% of participants were working in February 2020 (95% CI: 41.7%, 46.4%), only 23.6% (95% CI: 21.7%, 25.7%) were working immediately after the pandemic began (i.e., at the end of April 2020). Participants were more stressed about the health and educational implications of COVID-19 for Peruvian society and their families than about themselves. The public health, economic, and educational implications of COVID-19 on college students are continuing to unfold. This study informed Peruvian higher education institutions’ continued response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the progressive return to postpandemic activities, as well as other future pandemics and other crises.
RESUMEN Andrés Avelino Cáceres (1836-1923) fue un destacado político y militar peruano que ocupó la presidencia en dos periodos y lideró al ejército peruano durante la Guerra del Pacífico, por lo que ...es considerado un héroe nacional. Al inicio de su carrera militar, durante el sitio a la ciudad de Arequipa en 1858, sufrió una lesión ocular cuya cicatriz se observa en las fotografías que se le tomaron posteriormente a lo largo de su vida, lo que hizo que fuera apodado “El Tuerto” aunque al parecer su agudeza visual estuvo indemne. En este trabajo describiremos las circunstancias en las que se produjo la lesión oftálmica de Andrés Avelino Cáceres, las secuelas que pudo tener este traumatismo oftálmico y el tratamiento médico que pudo haber recibido, en base al propio relato del héroe y a las imágenes suyas que se conservan.
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