The transition of land use function and its effects on ecosystem services is a key issue in eco-environmental protection and is the basis of territorial space governance and optimization. Previous ...studies have typically selected land use types to evaluate ecosystem service value (ESV) and have overlooked comprehensive characteristics of ecosystem services and the mutual feedback relationship between human social systems and the ecosystem. Taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Hubei section (TGRA-HS) as a case study, we used a transition matrix, the revised ESV method, and an ecological contribution rate model to explore land use function transition (LUFT) and its effects on the change in ESV based on the production–living–ecological space (PLES) classification system. The results show that: (1) The transition of land use function based on PLES was the mapping of the evolution of the human–nature relationship in the spatial pattern, which reflected the evolution of the spatial pattern caused by human interference with the continuous development of society; (2) The evolution of PLES showed the characteristics of a reduction in production space (P-space), and an expansion in living space (L-space) and ecological space (E-space). The distribution pattern of PLES from 1990 to 2020 was basically the same, and the characteristics of structural transform reflected the characteristics of project construction in different phases; (3) The E-space contributed the most to the total ESV, and it has risen by CNY 13.06 × 108. The transition of land use function caused by human construction projects impacts the spatiotemporal change in the regional ESV; (4) The change in ESV induced by LUFT revealed the whole dynamic process of the positive and negative effects of human construction projects on ecosystem services, and the two effects offset each other to keep the ESV relatively stable. The transition of E-space to P-space had the greatest impact on the reduction in ESV, whose contribution rate was 82.76%. The dynamic changes in land use function and ESV corresponding to the different stages of the Three Gorges Project’s (TGP) construction reveals the important driving effect of human activities on ecosystem services. It reminds us that humans should not forget to protect the eco-environment when obtaining services from the ecosystem.
Space is the fundamental carrier for production, living, and ecological activities, and optimizing the spatial pattern is of vital importance to promote regional sustainable development. To achieve ...this goal, the core issues are to identify the risks of resource and environmental constraints of development and to realize the rational distribution of human living space. Based on the integration of multisource heterogeneous data, taking Yunnan Province, a typical mountainous area in China, as an example, this research proposes a multi-object suitability evaluation method based on 50 × 50 m grid data at the provincial scale. We build a spatial conflict analysis model to identify production–living–ecological space (PLES) and propose governance suggestions for different functional areas. The results show that (1) areas suitable for ecology make up the greatest proportion of Yunnan Province, but areas with living and ecological functions show obvious spatial complementarity; (2) areas suitable for production are restricted by steep slope, geological hazards and fragmented pattern; (3) areas suitable for living is rare, and they are mainly concentrated in the plains of central Yunnan; and (4) twenty-seven percent of area has potential spatial conflicts, among which 4.38% of the area is all suitable for production–living–ecological. The production–living advantage areas are concentrated in the central Yunnan UA (Urban agglomeration), which has a high spatial overlap. These results are expected to provide valuable insights to support comprehensive multifunctional spatial utilization and sustainable development in mountainous areas.
The identification, evaluation, and spatial distribution of “Production–Living–Ecological” space (PLEs) have been widely studied, but there is still little attention paid to whether their ...distribution characteristics will vary with scale changes. This article takes the organic whole of the PLEs composed of production space, living space, and ecological space on Hainan Island as the research object. Starting from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity, it quantitatively evaluates its spatial functions and explores the regularities of its aggregation and coordination characteristics with changes in scale, revealing the evolution of its distribution pattern with changes in scale. The results show that: (1) The distribution of PLEs in Hainan Island has obvious heterogeneity. The functional values of production and living space are distributed in a pattern of high in the south and north, low in the middle; The ecological space shows a high distribution pattern in the middle and low around it. (2) The PLEs in Hainan Island is significantly affected by scale effects. The degree of aggregation decreases as the scale increases, with the ecological space showing the most obvious downward trend, the living space showing a weaker downward trend and the production space being moderate. (3) The overall level of coupling-coordination of PLEs in Hainan Island is low, which decreases as the scale increases, with 500 m × 500 m being the peak value. The research results of this article indicate that there are scale effects in the functional distribution characteristics of PLEs, which can provide decision support for the national spatial planning at different scales.
Osrednji slovenski literarni časopis je izhajal mesečno. Po prenehanju izhajanja Stritarjevega časnika Zvona, so Josip Jurčič, Fran Levec, Janko Kersnik in Ivan Tavčar ustanovili literarno ...svobodomiselno revijo, sprva kot glasilo realistov. Poleg leposlovja, je vseboval tudi umetniško kritiko ter razprave in eseje o umetnostih. Sprva je bil bolj znanstveno usmerjen (Leposlovni in znanstveni list), kasneje se je omejil še na humanistiko (Mesečnik za književnost in prosveto), od 1931 (Slovenska revija) je objavljal tudi prispevke o aktualnih družbenih vprašanjih. V Ljubljanskem zvonu so objavljali pomembnejši slovenski pesniki in pisatelji: Anton Aškerc, Simon Gregorčič, Janko Kersnik, Ivan Tavčar, Janez Trdina, Oton Župančič, Ivan Cankar, Vladimir Bartol… Avtorji, ki so pisali o znanosti so bili: Fran levstik, Josip Apih, Ivan Šubic…
Osrednji slovenski literarni časopis je izhajal mesečno. Po prenehanju izhajanja Stritarjevega časnika Zvona, so Josip Jurčič, Fran Levec, Janko Kersnik in Ivan Tavčar ustanovili literarno ...svobodomiselno revijo, sprva kot glasilo realistov. Poleg leposlovja, je vseboval tudi umetniško kritiko ter razprave in eseje o umetnostih. Sprva je bil bolj znanstveno usmerjen (Leposlovni in znanstveni list), kasneje se je omejil še na humanistiko (Mesečnik za književnost in prosveto), od 1931 (Slovenska revija) je objavljal tudi prispevke o aktualnih družbenih vprašanjih. V Ljubljanskem zvonu so objavljali pomembnejši slovenski pesniki in pisatelji: Anton Aškerc, Simon Gregorčič, Janko Kersnik, Ivan Tavčar, Janez Trdina, Oton Župančič, Ivan Cankar, Vladimir Bartol… Avtorji, ki so pisali o znanosti so bili: Fran levstik, Josip Apih, Ivan Šubic…
Osrednji slovenski literarni časopis je izhajal mesečno. Po prenehanju izhajanja Stritarjevega časnika Zvona, so Josip Jurčič, Fran Levec, Janko Kersnik in Ivan Tavčar ustanovili literarno ...svobodomiselno revijo, sprva kot glasilo realistov. Poleg leposlovja, je vseboval tudi umetniško kritiko ter razprave in eseje o umetnostih. Sprva je bil bolj znanstveno usmerjen (Leposlovni in znanstveni list), kasneje se je omejil še na humanistiko (Mesečnik za književnost in prosveto), od 1931 (Slovenska revija) je objavljal tudi prispevke o aktualnih družbenih vprašanjih. V Ljubljanskem zvonu so objavljali pomembnejši slovenski pesniki in pisatelji: Anton Aškerc, Simon Gregorčič, Janko Kersnik, Ivan Tavčar, Janez Trdina, Oton Župančič, Ivan Cankar, Vladimir Bartol… Avtorji, ki so pisali o znanosti so bili: Fran levstik, Josip Apih, Ivan Šubic…
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