Histories of Portugal's transition to democracy have long focused on the 1974 military coup that toppled the authoritarian Estado Novo regime and set in motion the divestment of the nation's colonial ...holdings. However, the events of this "Carnation Revolution" were in many ways the culmination of a much longer process of resistance and protest originating in universities and other sectors of society. Combining careful research in police, government, and student archives with insights from social movement theory, The Revolution before the Revolution broadens our understanding of Portuguese democratization by tracing the societal convulsions that preceded it over the course of the "long 1960s."
In The Crown, the Court and the Casa da Índia, Susannah Humble Ferreira re-evaluates the place of the overseas expansion in the policies of the Portuguese Crown in the so-called 'Age of Discoveries'.
This monograph places the science and ideology of eugenics in early twentieth century Portugal in the context of manifestations in other countries in the same period. The author argues that three ...factors limited the impact of eugenics in Portugal: a low level of institutionalization, opposition from Catholics and the conservative nature of the Salazar regime. In Portugal the eugenic science and movement were confined to three expressions: individualized studies on mental health, often from a ‘biotypological’ perspective; a particular stance on racial miscegenation in the context of the substantial Portuguese colonial empire; and a diffuse model of social hygiene, maternity care and puericulture.
The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE), Early Jurassic, was an episode of rapid warming and deep perturbation of the carbon cycle, as suggested by the large carbon and oxygen isotope excursions ...recorded by various carbonate and organic materials of this age. Previous studies have shown that strata deposited immediately below the T-OAE are marked by widespread discontinuities, but their duration and synchronicity remain uncertain. In this study, we use the carbon isotope profiles of twelve sections from the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal, to correlate shallower and deeper settings and identify the durations and possible causes of these discontinuities. The obtained correlation suggests the existence of three major discontinuities. The first occurs close to the Pliensbachian–Toarcian boundary and locally corresponds to an interval of condensation due to rapid transgression. The second and most marked discontinuity occurs in the mid-upper part of the Polymorphum ammonite Zone. Depending on the location in the Lusitanian Basin, this discontinuity is interpreted to reflect either marine erosion (in deeper parts of the basin) or subaerial exposure (in the shallow parts of the basin), both induced by a high-amplitude sea-level fall. In intermediate parts of the basin, this discontinuity is interpreted as a transgressive ravinement surface due to subsequent sea-level rise. This latter transgression induced the formation of a third discontinuity of sedimentary condensation (uppermost Polymorphum Zone) that corresponds to the interval of highest rate of sea-level rise just before the onset of the T-OAE. The comparison of the carbon isotope record of the Lusitanian Basin with that of other European basins indicates that these discontinuities are present on a wide paleogeographical scale within the western Tethys, and correspond to marked changes in seawater temperatures and CO2 levels, implying a control by high-amplitude, likely glacio-eustatic sea-level changes.
•C isotope stratigraphy helps in identifying discontinuities in the sedimentary record.•Major sea-level fluctuations and erosion pre-date the Toarcian Oceanic Event.•Paleotopographies likely contributed to reduce water circulation during the T-OAE.
Lisbon rising Pinto, Pedro
2015, 2015., 20130930, 2013, 2015-11-01
eBook
Lisbon rising explores the role of a widespread urban social movement in the revolutionary process that accompanied Portugal's transition from authoritarianism to democracy. It is the first in-depth ...study of the widest urban movement of the European post-war period, an event that shook the balance of Cold War politics by threatening the possibility of revolution in Western Europe. Using hitherto unknown sources produced by movement organisations themselves, it challenges long-established views of civil society in Southern Europe as weak, arguing that popular movements had an important and auto.
In Portugal between 2005 and 2010, "modernization through technology" was the major political motto used to develop and improve the country's peripheral and backward condition. This study reflects on ...one of the resulting, specific aspects of this trend-the implementation of public video surveillance. The in-depth ethnography provides evidence of how the political construction of security and surveillance as a strategic program actually conceals intricate institutional relationships between political decision-makers and common citizens. Essentially, the detailed account of the major actors, as well as their roles and motivations, serves to explain phenomena such as the confusion between objective data and subjective perceptions or the lack of communication between parties, which as this study argues, underlies the idiosyncrasies and fragilities of Portugal's still relatively young democratic system.
Portugal made great efforts to tie its territories together, but the Luso-Brazilian empire eventually succumbed to revolution like its British, French and Spanish counterparts. This book reveals the ...links and relationships between Portugal and Brazil that survived the demise of empire and shaped the trajectories of the two countries.
This book follows the renovation of European economic history towards a more unified interpretation of sources of growth and stagnation. It looks at Portuguese agricultural development across the ...second Millennium, showing a sector that was often adaptive and dynamic. Portugal's economic backwardness was not overcome at the end of the period, but that is now only part of the story.
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