Background: Due to experiencing traumatic and stressful events, refugees are at risk of having mental disorders. The refugees might need to use psychotropic agents to treat mental disorders. It is ...essential to understand this population’s adherence rate to psychotropic medication. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate adherence to psychotropic medication and the relationship with psychiatric symptoms among Syrian refugees in Turkey. Method: The study design was descriptive and correlational. The study was conducted with 55 Syrian refugees attending a community health center in southern Turkey. The data was collected with General Medication Adherence Scale–Arabic Version (GMAS–AR) and Brief Psychiatric Inventory (BPI). Results: 78.2% (n: 43) of the participants’ medication adherence was poor, and a significant negative and weak correlation was found at 0.01 level between GMAS–AR and BPI (r: −0.37). According to multiple linear regression analysis, the model with gender and BPI was significant, and this model explained 19% of GMAS–AR total points (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Mental health professionals should test the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions that increase adherence to treatment for the cultural characteristics of societies.
Introduction
Globally, healthcare regulatory bodies require providers of academic programs to involve service users in the design and delivery of education, yet concrete and tested directions for ...operationalising this are lacking. Service users' involvement in education is often passive, ad‐hoc and tokenistic, with limited input at the program development level.
Aim
To explore the co‐design processes and outcomes of a collaborative revision of an Australian post‐registration mental health nursing curriculum.
Method
Using qualitative case study design, the experiences and collaborative practices of five stakeholders (one mental health service user, two carers and two academics) co‐designing a post‐registration mental health nursing curriculum were explored.
Results
Commonly identified barriers to meaningful involvement were overcome through planning and collaborative execution of the group's work. Participants reported a strong sense of successful collaboration in reviewing the curriculum, trusting relationships and mutual respect.
Discussion
While it was possible to support and augment stakeholder knowledge in the context of post‐registration education, co‐design processes were ultimately bound by the university's relatively inflexible bureaucratic context.
Implications for Practice
To ensure effective stakeholder collaboration beyond classroom teaching, mental health nurse academics must prepare service users for the role, explaining the language and practices of the tertiary health education and nursing context. As part of co‐design processes, organisational mandates must be explored and negotiated, and mutual clarity regarding expectations and roles must be established. A Design Thinking approach can support meaningful engagement of stakeholders in curriculum development.
Accessible Summary
What is known on the subject?
Many studies have investigated the attitudes of mental health nurses towards a range of targets. These targets are person‐oriented (for example groups ...of people with a similar mental health diagnosis) or practice‐oriented (for example practices such as seclusion or restraint).
It is thought that attitudes contribute to the practice of mental health nurses because research suggests attitudes have a role in shaping behaviour.
What the paper adds to existing knowledge?
To date, research about mental health nurses' attitudes has examined different attitudes in isolation from one another. By demonstrating a lack of connectedness across studies this paper highlights the need for new theory‐informed approaches to attitudinal research.
By standardizing measurements across different studies this review demonstrates that the most negatively appraised attitudinal targets—indicated by large proportions of respondents who appraise negatively—concern people with diagnoses of borderline personality disorder, substance misuse, and acute mental health presentations.
What are the implications for practice?
Significant numbers of mental health nurses may have attitudes, especially towards people with borderline personality diagnoses and those who misuse substances, that may not be concordant with good practice.
There is insufficient evidence about what the actual implications this has for practice because the body of relevant research lacks coherence, interconnectedness and a grounding in contemporary theoretical developments.
Training programmes that focus on attitudinal change need to be more rigorously evaluated.
Introduction
Attitudes are considered integral to mental health nursing practice.
Aims
To comprehensively describe the (i) measured attitudes of UK mental health nurses towards people and practice; (ii) effectiveness of interventions to change attitudes; and (iii) relationships between their attitudes, other variables/constructs and practice.
Methods
Using systematic review methodology, multiple databases (CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Google Scholar) were searched. Eligible studies involved measurement of UK‐based mental health nurses' attitudes with multi‐item scales. Studies were quality appraised, mean (SD) attitudinal data were standardized, and other results converted to standardized effect sizes.
Results
N = 42 studies were included. Negatively appraised attitudinal targets were people with a borderline personality disorder diagnosis, substance misuse, and acute mental health presentations. Educational interventions were associated with immediate increases in positive appraisals but sustainability was poorly evidenced. There was very limited study of attitude‐practice links.
Discussion
This review identifies priority attitudinal targets for action but also demonstrates that future work must consider the interconnectedness of attitudes and their relationship with practice.
Implications for Practice
Priority areas for consideration are attitudes to borderline personality disorder, substance misuse and mental health co‐morbidity. Addressing disparities between nurses' attitudes and those of service users is important. More robust research is required into the effectiveness of interventions to change attitudes and into attitude‐practice links.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la producción de conocimiento en la literatura científica sobre la constitución de la identidad profesional en enfermeros que trabajan en el campo de la salud mental. ...Método: revisión integradora de la literatura a través del portal Biblioteca Virtual en Salud en cuatro bases de datos: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed y BDENF. Se eligieron como criterios de elegibilidad los artículos originales completos publicados en el período 2017-2022, en inglés, portugués o español. Resultados: La muestra se compuso de 18 estudios agrupados en dos categorías temáticas. Los resultados versan sobre las (in)definiciones del proceso de trabajo de las enfermeras que trabajan en el ámbito de la salud mental y sobre la fragmentación de los cuidados y sus implicaciones para la constitución de esta identidad profesional. Conclusión: las enfermeras desempeñan funciones diversificadas en su trabajo diario, lo que contribuye a una comprensión insuficiente de su ámbito de atribuciones y repercute directamente en la percepción de su identidad profesional.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a produção do conhecimento na literatura científica sobre a constituição da identidade profissional em enfermeiras que atuam no campo da saúde mental. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura por meio do portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde em quatro bases de dados: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed e BDENF. Elencaram-se como critérios de elegibilidade artigos originais completos publicados no período de 2017-2022, nos idiomas inglês, português ou espanhol. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 18 estudos agrupados em duas categorias temáticas. Os resultados versam sobre as (in)definições do processo de trabalho das enfermeiras que atuam no campo da saúde mental e a respeito da fragmentação do cuidado e de suas implicações na constituição desta identidade profissional. Conclusão: as enfermeiras desempenham papéis diversificados no cotidiano de trabalho, o que contribui para uma compreensão insuficiente acerca de seu escopo de atribuições e impacta diretamente na percepção de sua identidade profissional.
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the production of knowledge in the scientific literature on the constitution of professional identity in nurses working in the field of mental health. Method: integrative literature review through the Virtual Health Library portal in four databases: Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed and BDENF. The eligibility criteria were full original articles published from 2017-2022 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. Results: the sample was composed of 18 studies grouped into two thematic categories. The results are about the (in)definitions of the work process of nurses working in the mental health field, and about the fragmentation of care and its implications for the constitution of this professional identity. Conclusion: nurses play diversified roles in their daily work, which contributes to an insufficient understanding of their scope of attributions and directly impacts the perception of their professional identity.
With the theme of "Foreseeing the Unforeseen: Towards a New Era of Nursing", this special issue on nursing includes a variety of articles from different countries and institutions. Several key ...features of this issue include: i) the impact and responses/countermeasures to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic; ii) innovative nursing practice, management, education, research, and policy in response to the issues raised; iii) nursing toward a low fertility and a super-aged society, internationalization, or cultural diversity; and iv) human resource development, systems development, and policy recommendations for health, medical care, and welfare in the next era. In this Editorial article, we summarize the issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications for the next era, particularly in the fields of mental health and gerontic nursing. We also provide several perspectives on mental health issues in the general population and for nurses, as well as gerontic nursing issues related to older adults.
Objective:
To summarize a preconference workshop that focused on how to be successful in obtaining funding by making one’s scholarship innovative and significant.
Method:
In 2021, at the annual ...American Psychiatric Nurses Association (APNA) Conference, a panel of nurse scholars reflected on and discussed how to make grant proposals innovative and significant. Two moderators posed questions to five panelists at different stages in their research trajectories about four key research concepts: idea conception, framing for the funding agency, significance, and innovation.
Results:
Conceptualizing an innovative, scholarly idea starts with a passion for the topic, a team of experts and scholarly community, and time to think and delve into the literature. For funding opportunities, start small, read the funding announcements thoroughly and carefully, and make sure it is the right fit. Strategies to illustrate significance include avoiding generalizations, maintaining objectivity, being clear about impact, and using strength-based language. Contemplate the many facets of innovation as well as balance innovation and feasibility.
Conclusions:
Inclusion of challenges in composing significance and innovation sections of grant proposals offers knowledge for psychiatric nurse researchers to add to their toolkits as they seek funding and conduct research and scholarship.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout in mental health nurses and to identify its predictors. A systematic review was conducted of studies published in the following ...databases: CINAHL, Dialnet, LILACS, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus. The search equation used was “Nurs * AND Burnout AND mental health”. Subsequently, three fixed‐effects meta‐analyses were performed, one for each dimension of burnout, to calculate its prevalence and the corresponding confidence intervals. The data were analysed using StatsDirect meta‐analysis software. Eleven studies were finally included (n = 11). In most cases, the literature informs about moderate levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The studies inform that variables such as work overload, work‐related stress, professional seniority, male gender, being single, and aggression at work, among other factors, contribute to burnout development. The meta‐analytic prevalence estimations of burnout with a sample of n = 868 mental health nurses are 25% for high emotional exhaustion, 15% for depersonalization, and 22% for low personal accomplishment. From a workforce development and safety perspective, it is important for managers to address the emotional exhaustion and low personal accomplishment aspects of burnout reported in the workplace by mental health nurses.
Title. A socially inclusive approach to user participation in higher education
Aim. This paper is a report of a study to evaluate the development of an innovative Service User Academic post in ...mental health nursing in relation to student learning and good employment practice in terms of social inclusion.
Background. Institutions providing professional mental health education are usually expected to demonstrate user involvement in the design, delivery and evaluation of their educational programmes to ensure that user voices are central to the development of clinical practice. Involvement can take many forms but not everyone values user knowledge as equal to other sources of knowledge. This can lead to users feeling exploited, rather than fully integrated in healthcare professional education processes. Development of the post discussed in this paper was stimulated and informed by an innovative example from Australia.
Method. An observational case study of the development and practice of a Service User Academic post was undertaken in 2005. Participants were purposively sampled and included the User Academic, six members of a user and carer reference group, 10 educators and 35 students. Data were collected by group discussions and interviews. Data analysis was based on the framework approach.
Findings. The evaluation revealed tangible benefits for the students and the wider academic community. Most important was the powerful role model the Service User Academic provided for students. The post proved an effective method to promote service user participation and began to integrate service user perspectives within the educational process. However, the attempts to achieve socially inclusive practices were inhibited by organizational factors. The expectations of the role and unintended discriminatory behaviours had an impact on achieving full integration of the role. Furthermore, shortcomings in the support arrangements were revealed.
Conclusions. The search for an optimum model of involvement may prove elusive, but the need to research and debate different strategies, to avoid tokenism and exploitation, remains.
Virtual reality technology has been used to establish a risk-free environment in which students can practice psychiatric nursing. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to examine the effects of a ...virtual reality (VR) based mental health nursing simulation on practice performance of undergraduate nursing students.
A quasi-experimental, pre- and post-test design was used. A total of 68 students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 36). The control group received conventional simulation using text scenario-based role play. The intervention group received VR software consisting of 360° video clips and related quiz questions.
The self-reported perceived competency in nursing performance showed no statistically significant improvement in the experimental group, whereas the control group showed a statistically significant improvement in symptom management (t = 2.84, p = 0.007) and nurse-patient interaction (t = 2.10, p = 0.043). Scores from the assessor showed better performance scores in the experimental group in symptom management (t = −2.62, p = 0.011), violence risk management (t = −3.42, p = 0.001), and nurse-patient interaction (t = −3.12, p = 0.003).
The findings of this study indicate the potential of using VR for optimized mental health nursing simulation. VR technology allowed realistic experiences which may ensure students have a more comprehensive understanding of mentally ill patients and in doing so, overcome barriers of traditional simulation, resulting in better learning outcomes.
•Virtual reality (VR) is recognized as a substitute for clinical simulation.•VR simulation provides an immersive patient experience in mental health nursing education.•360° VR simulation can improve nursing performance of undergraduate students.•360° VR should be considered as a pre-clinical placement training tool.
While there is widespread use of OSCE in general nursing specialties, psychiatric nursing has been slow to adopt this evaluation method and it has only recently been introduced to psychiatric nursing ...education.
The main aim of the present study is to test the first application, validity and reliability of the OSCE in undergraduate psychiatric nursing education.
OSCE was developed to assess undergraduate psychiatric nursing students' clinical skills. The students' evaluation of the OSCE process was obtained after the completion of each OSCE circuit.
The psychiatric nursing OSCE proved to be a reliable and valid method in assessing psychiatric nursing clinical competencies. In general, the students perceived OSCE as a positive experience and stressful on the other hand.
OSCE is a reliable and valid method of assessing the students' psychiatric nursing competency skills. It has been shown to have many advantages over traditional methods of assessment and has the ability to objectively assess psychiatric nursing skills.
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