This valuable study explores the Russian Enlightenment with reference to the religious Enlightenment of the mid to late eighteenth century. Grounded in close reading of the sermons and devotional ...writings of Platon (Levshin), Court preacher and Metropolitan of Moscow, the book examines the blending of European ideas into the teachings of Russian Orthodoxy. Highlighting the interplay between Enlightenment thought and Orthodox enlightenment, Elise Wirtschafter addresses key questions of concern to religious Enlighteners across Europe: humanity's relationship to God and creation, the distinction between learning and enlightenment, the role of Christian love in authority relationships, the meaning of free will in a universe governed by Divine Providence, and the unity of church, monarchy, and civil society. Countering scholarship that depicts an Orthodox religious culture under assault from European modernity and Petrine absolutism, Wirtschafter emphasizes the ability of Russia's educated churchmen to assimilate and transform Enlightenment ideas. The intellectual and spiritual vitality of eighteenth-century Orthodoxy helps to explain how Russian policymakers and intellectuals met the challenge of European power while simultaneously coming to terms with the broad cultural appeal of the Enlightenment's universalistic human rights agenda. Religion and Enlightenment in Catherinian Russia defines the Russian Enlightenment as a response to the allure of European modernity, as an instrument of social control, and as the moral voice of an emergent independent society. Because Russia's enlightened intellectuals focused on the moral perfectibility of the individual human being, rather than social and political change, the originality of the Russian Enlightenment has gone unrecognized. This study corrects images of a superficial Enlightenment and crisis-ridden religious culture, arguing that in order to understand the humanistic sensibility and emphasis on individual dignity that permeate Russian intellectual history, and the history of the educated classes more broadly, it is necessary to bring Orthodox teachings into the discussion of Enlightenment thought. The result is a book that explains the distinctive origins of modern Russian culture while also allowing scholars to situate the Russian Enlightenment in European and global history.
Una sfida culturale Ravasi, Gianfranco; Piazza, Alberto
2019., 2019, 2020, Letnik:
9
eBook
Davvero tale, profonda e benissimo argomentata, quella su Fede e Ragione, tra il Cardinale Gianfranco Ravasi, biblista ed ebraista, teologo e umanista nel senso più pieno, Presidente del Pontificio ...Consiglio della Cultura, e il prof. Alberto Piazza, biologo e genetista di valore internazionale, Presidente della Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. Se ne leggono le approfondite, vivaci valutazioni e le accattivanti esemplificazioni in pagine di sempre trasparente chiarezza e di robusta sostanza, espressione di una cultura esemplare, ricca e raffinata. Testo dell'editore
At the heart of the French Revolution there lay a fundamental paradox: how to liberate the minds of the people whilst simultaneously ensuring their loyalty to the new regime. It is an exploration of ...the facts and implications of this tension that forms the basis of this study, which reconstructs the intellectual world of the Revolution.
The new radical regime attacked the old institutionalized forms of Catholic worship and instruction, yet retained the catechetical outlook with its dogmatic mindset as an important feature of political education. Catechisms not only conveyed information in an accessible manner, they also revealed the intellectual tendencies of those who favoured the genre. Civic catechisms were meant to play an important part of revolutionary instruction; they were the only category of texts repeatedly mentioned in the National Assembly and in various pieces of legislation, including education bills, and there were calls for a 'national catechism'. The status of the catechisms changed throughout the Revolution, and this study also investigates the degree of continuity of purpose across the period, as well as the catechisms' place alongside other texts such as speeches and bills.
An important contribution to the literature on the intellectual history of the French Revolution, this book will also be of interest to scholars of rhetoric, education and the intellectual history of the eighteenth century, as well as to revolutionary studies in general.
What is a reason to act? Setiya, Kieran
Philosophical studies,
01/2014, Letnik:
167, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Argues for a conception of reasons as premises of practical reasoning. This conception is applied to questions about ignorance, advice, enabling conditions, "ought," and evidence.
In the Philebus, Plato considers pleasure to be part of the good life. Always despises pleasure, Plato, however, no longer insists on extreme rationalism, instead, he reconciles reason and pleasure ...with the fundamental principle of 'measure' In the Philebus, Plato considers 'measure (μέτρον)' to be of the highest value. He not only argues for the concrete application of 'measure' in the sensual world, but also confirms the metaphysical ground of 'measure'. Many scholars have discussed the application of 'measure' from different perspectives, but the deep logical principle of 'measure' has not been clarified clearly yet. Actually, the thought of 'measure' involves the relationship between ideas and sensual things. On the basis of the redefinition of this relationship, Plato proposes that a life that mixes reason and pleasure is a good one. On the one hand, 'measure' gives a certain rationalistic color to pleasure, and on the other hand, 'measure' protects pleasure from being replaced by reason. In this way, Plato turns to moderate rationalism, pioneers the principle of 'measure' in dealing with ethical issues, and draws a line between the gods and man.
This article aims to reveal the reasons for juridical divorce and further reveal the psychological factors contained in the reasons for divorce in the Islamic Law Compilation. Through a psychological ...approach (psychological approach) and legislation (statute approach), the authors analyze descriptively and analytically based on materials collected through literature study. The result is that the reasons for divorce as stated in the KHI show the existence of psychological relationships such as mental readiness, the level of maturity and maturity of thought and accuracy in making decisions when having to divorce a partner. That in the reasons for divorce there are psychological factors that directly influence the occurrence of divorce.
The increasing amount of e-waste and poor participation of individuals in proper recycling or disposal has become a big concern for policymakers. Therefore, it is essential to understand the factors ...that may facilitate or inhibit individuals from adopting e-waste recycling. The present research examines the attitude and intentions of individuals by applying the theoretical lens of Behavioral Reasoning Theory (BRT). The study uses a mixed-method approach and has been conducted in two phases: Phase 1- qualitative study (one-to-one interview: 30 respondents) and Phase 2: quantitative study (survey-based questionnaire- 348 responses). The qualitative part employs thematic analysis, and the quantitative study has been analyzed using SEM. Through the qualitative research, the study has identified self-image perceived negative effect and salvage value as the ‘reasons for’, whereas inconvenience, lack of support system, and emotional attachment have been identified as the ‘reasons against’ e-waste recycling. The findings show that moral and social norms significantly impact individual reasoning (‘reason for’/‘reason against’) and attitude toward e-waste recycling. The result has also confirmed the moderation effect on self-efficacy among reasoning, attitude, and intention. The findings offer interesting insights to the government and policymakers for increasing individuals' participation in e-waste recycling.
•Self-image, perceived negative effects, & salvage value were identified as “reasons for” e-waste recycling.•Inconvenience, lack of support, & emotional attachment were identified as “reasons against” e-waste recycling.•Moral and social norms significantly influenced the reasoning and attitude toward e-waste recycling.•Reasoning (for/against) significantly influenced individuals' recycling intention.
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