North by 2020 Eicken, Hajo; Lovecraft, Amy Lauren
11/2011
eBook
Originating from a series of workshops held at the Alaska Forum
of the Fourth International Polar Year, this interdisciplinary
volume addresses a host of current concerns regarding the ecology
and ...rapid transformation of the arctic. Concentrating on the most
important linked social-ecological systems, including fresh water,
marine resources, and oil and gas development, this volume explores
opportunities for sustainable development from a variety of
perspectives, among them social sciences, natural and applied
sciences, and the arts. Individual chapters highlight expressions
of climate change in dance, music, and film, as well as from an
indigenous knowledge-based perspective.
Climate change and rising oil prices have thrust the Arctic to the top of the foreign policy agenda and raised difficult issues of sovereignty, security and environmental protection. Improved access ...for shipping and resource development is leading to new international rules on safety, pollution prevention and emergency response. Around the Arctic, maritime boundary disputes are being negotiated and resolved, and new international institutions, such as the Arctic Council, are mediating deep-rooted tensions between Russia and NATO and between nation states and indigenous peoples. International Law and the Arctic explains these developments and reveals a strong trend towards international cooperation and law-making. It thus contradicts the widespread misconception that the Arctic is an unregulated zone of potential conflict.
To understand better how selection processes balance the benefits of Ig repertoire diversity with the risks of autoreactivity and nonfunctionality of highly variable IgH CDR3s, we collected millions ...of rearranged germline IgH CDR3 sequences by deep sequencing of DNA from mature human naive B cells purified from four individuals and analyzed the data with computational methods. Long HCDR3 regions, often components of HIV-neutralizing Abs, appear to derive not only from incorporation of long D genes and insertion of large N regions but also by usage of multiple D gene segments in tandem. However, comparison of productive and out-of-frame IgH rearrangements revealed a selection bias against long HCDR3 loops, suggesting these may be disproportionately either poorly functional or autoreactive. Our data suggest that developmental selection removes HCDR3 loops containing patches of hydrophobicity, which are commonly found in some auto-antibodies, and at least 69% of the initial productive IgH rearrangements are removed from the repertoire during B cell development. Additionally, we have demonstrated the potential utility of this new technology for vaccine development with the identification in all four individuals of related candidate germline IgH precursors of the HIV-neutralizing Ab 4E10.
This series presents diverse and fascinating movements in world cinema. Each volume concentrates on a set of films from a different national, regional or, in some cases, cross-cultural cinema which ...constitute a particular tradition.
The Changing Arctic and the European Union a book based on the report "Strategic Assessment of the Development of the Arctic: Assessment Conducted for the European Union". It provides a balanced ...overview of changes taking place in the Arctic. The ways how the EU affects Arctic developments is considered, including the process of formulating an umbrella EU Arctic policy.
China’s Arctic Ambitions and What They Mean for Canada is one of the first in-depth studies of China’s increasing interest in the Arctic. It offers a holistic approach to understanding Chinese ...motivations and the potential impacts of greater Chinese presence in the circumpolar region, exploring resource development, shipping, scientific research, governance, and security. Drawing on extensive research in Chinese government documentation, business and media reports, and current academic literature, this timely volume eschews the traditional assumption that Chinese actions are unified and monolithic in their approach to Arctic affairs. Instead, it offers a careful analysis of the different, and often competing, interests and priorities of Chinese government and industry. Analyzing Chinese interests and activities from a Canadian perspective, the book provides an unparalleled point of reference to discuss the implications for the Canadian and broader circumpolar North.
Stellar feedback is needed to produce realistic giant molecular clouds and galaxies in simulations, but due to limited numerical resolution, feedback must be implemented using sub-grid models. ...Observational work is an important means to test and anchor these models, but limited studies have assessed the relative dynamical role of multiple feedback modes, particularly at the earliest stages of expansion when H ii regions are still deeply embedded. In this paper, we use multiwavelength (radio, infrared, and X-ray) data to measure the pressures associated with direct radiation (Pdir), dust-processed radiation (PIR), photoionization heating (PH II), and shock-heating from stellar winds (PX) in a sample of 106 young, resolved H ii regions with radii 0.5 pc to determine how stellar feedback drives their expansion. We find that the PIR dominates in 84% of the regions and that the median Pdir and PH II are smaller than the median PIR by factors of 6 and 9, respectively. Based on the radial dependences of the pressure terms, we show that H ii regions transition from PIR-dominated to PH II-dominated at radii of ∼3 pc. We find a median trapping factor of ftrap ∼ 8 without any radial dependence for the sample, suggesting this value can be adopted in sub-grid feedback models. Moreover, we show that the total pressure is greater than the gravitational pressure in the majority of our sample, indicating that the feedback is sufficient to expel gas from the regions.
In this timely new book, international scholars and military professionals come together to explore the strategic consequences of the thawing of the Arctic. Their analyses of efforts by governments ...and defence, security, and coast guard organizations to address these challenges make timely and urgent reading. Rather than a single national perspective, The Fast-Changing Arctic brings together circumpolar viewpoints from North America, Europe and Asia for an integrated discussion of strategic military, diplomatic, and security challenges in the high North. Thoughtful analyses are included of different regions, climate issues, institutions, and foreign and security policies. This is an important book for students of international studies, political science, and northern studies. With a Foreword by the Honorable Mead Treadwell and an Afterword by Lawson W. Brigham. With Contributions By: Alun Anderson, Caitlyn Antrim, Rasmus Gjedsso Bertelsen, Lawson W. Brigham, Ian G. Brosnan, Daniel Clausen, J.G. Michael Clausen, Lassi Kalevi Heininen, Nong Hong, Rob Huebert, Henrik Jedig Jorgensen, P. Whitney Lackenbauer, Thomas M. Leschine, James Manicom, Edward L. Miles, Barry Scott Zellen, and Katarzyna Zysk.
Spoiling Tibet Lafitte, Gabriel
2013., 2013, 2013-09-12
eBook
China's plans to expand exponentially its exploitation of Tibet's natural resources will have terrifying consequences for land and people. This book is an entirely unique, authoritative guide through ...the torrent of online posts, official propaganda and exile speculation.
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