This article carries out a multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) of a Romanian Facebook page where comments are made in response to a shared news-clip showing a Roma wedding which clearly ...invites ridicule. It has been documented that there are well-established discourses representing the Roma as criminal, uneducated, dirty, immoral, and as resisting assimilation into wider society. This Facebook page offers the opportunity to explore which discourses are used in 1500 posts to represent the Roma. We show that the affordances of Facebook open-up the mixing of humor, venting of frustration, extreme racism and sexual violence as those posting entertain each other, create bonds and overtly call out the Roma and others who are believed to be part of a conspiracy against ordinary Romanians. We argue that these newer patterns of representing the Roma are related to the rise of extreme right-wing populist ideology across Europe and beyond. An ideology where direct, simple and violent solutions are required.
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This lecture offers a review of Roma knowledge production and what has been termed a critical turn in the academic field ...of Romani Studies (Bogdan et al, 2018). What counts as ‘knowledge production’, in this context, and what makes it specifically Roma? Further, what does a ‘critical turn’ involve? Whilst it is true that people and communities known as Roma, Sinti, Travellers, Gypsies have been discussed in University curriculum and academic projects over many years now, it is only more recently that the discipline has started to be ‘seen through Romani eyes’ (Le Bas and Acton, 2010). This post-colonial shift, in both perspective and practice, is, it will be argued, long overdue and, for the most part, welcomed. However, it would also be fair to say that this paradigmatic shift was not welcomed by everyone (Matras, 2017). Some scholars, often non-Roma, queried the nature and consequences of this alleged ‘critical turn’ leading to ‘the dangers of a closed society research paradigm’ (Stewart, 2017). There appears to be, at the heart of such debates, a philosophical and epistemological clash: the assumed values of truth, science and objectivity as opposed to assertions of propaganda, politics and subjectivity. This lecture offers comments on these matters. It will provide a trajectory of where we are now and how we came to be here. In what way might these debates need to be re-examined in light of broader decolonization efforts across North American and European Universities, as well as the work of Black Lives Matter and other campaigns? Topically, what does Roma knowledge production look like in times of COVID-19? And what might happen if our current conditions mean that the critical turn is derailed due to neoliberalism, populism and the far-right? The lecture will conclude by offering a roadmap of what such futures might hold. At heart of all of them there needs to be a narrative of Roma intellectual liberation and emancipation.
Bavarlipe Roma Online University is an online educational platform where Roma and non-Roma can access knowledge about the Roma identity(ies), history(ies) and culture(s) thorough a collection of high-quality lectures delivered by leading Roma scholars on topics ranging from the Roma Holocaust to Roma cultural productions. In partnership with Central European University (CEU), this project is part of ERIAC’s Roma Cultural History Initiative financed by the German Federal Foreign Office (FFO).- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
Provider: - Institution: ERIAC - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Abstract:
This lecture offers a review of Roma knowledge production and what has been termed a critical turn in the academic ...field of Romani Studies (Bogdan et al, 2018). What counts as ‘knowledge production’, in this context, and what makes it specifically Roma? Further, what does a ‘critical turn’ involve? Whilst it is true that people and communities known as Roma, Sinti, Travellers, Gypsies have been discussed in University curriculum and academic projects over many years now, it is only more recently that the discipline has started to be ‘seen through Romani eyes’ (Le Bas and Acton, 2010). This post-colonial shift, in both perspective and practice, is, it will be argued, long overdue and, for the most part, welcomed. However, it would also be fair to say that this paradigmatic shift was not welcomed by everyone (Matras, 2017). Some scholars, often non-Roma, queried the nature and consequences of this alleged ‘critical turn’ leading to ‘the dangers of a closed society research paradigm’ (Stewart, 2017). There appears to be, at the heart of such debates, a philosophical and epistemological clash: the assumed values of truth, science and objectivity as opposed to assertions of propaganda, politics and subjectivity. This lecture offers comments on these matters. It will provide a trajectory of where we are now and how we came to be here. In what way might these debates need to be re-examined in light of broader decolonization efforts across North American and European Universities, as well as the work of Black Lives Matter and other campaigns? Topically, what does Roma knowledge production look like in times of COVID-19? And what might happen if our current conditions mean that the critical turn is derailed due to neoliberalism, populism and the far-right? The lecture will conclude by offering a roadmap of what such futures might hold. At heart of all of them there needs to be a narrative of Roma intellectual liberation and emancipation.
Bavarlipe Roma Online University is an online educational platform where Roma and non-Roma can access knowledge about the Roma identity(ies), history(ies) and culture(s) thorough a collection of high-quality lectures delivered by leading Roma scholars on topics ranging from the Roma Holocaust to Roma cultural productions. In partnership with Central European University (CEU), this project is part of ERIAC’s Roma Cultural History Initiative financed by the German Federal Foreign Office (FFO).- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
The Roma population is a European ethnic minority characterized by recent and multiple dispersals and founder effects. After their origin in South Asia around 1,500 years ago, they migrated West. In ...Europe, they diverged into ethnolinguistically distinct migrant groups that spread across the continent. Previous genetic studies based on genome-wide data and uniparental markers detected Roma founder events and West-Eurasian gene flow. However, to the best of our knowledge, it has not been assessed whether these demographic processes have equally affected both sexes in the population. The present study uses the largest and most comprehensive dataset of complete mitochondrial and Y chromosome Roma sequences to unravel the sex-biased patterns that have shaped their genetic history. The results show that the Roma maternal genetic pool carries a higher lineage diversity from South Asia, as opposed to a single paternal South Asian lineage. Nonetheless, the European gene flow events mainly occurred through the maternal lineages; however, a signal of this gene flow is also traceable in the paternal lineages. We also detect a higher female migration rate among European Roma groups. Altogether, these results suggest that sociocultural factors influenced the emergence of sex-biased genetic patterns at global and local scales in the Roma population through time.
The lysosomal storage disorder, GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1), is a neurodegenerative condition resulting from deficiency of the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-gal). Mutation of the
gene, which codes for ...β-gal, prevents cleavage of the terminal β-1,4-linked galactose residue from GM1 ganglioside. Subsequent accumulation of GM1 ganglioside and other substrates in the lysosome impairs cell physiology and precipitates dysfunction of the nervous system. Beyond palliative and supportive care, no FDA-approved treatments exist for GM1 patients. Researchers are critically evaluating the efficacy of substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperones, enzyme replacement therapy, stem cell transplantation, and gene therapy for GM1. A Phase I/II clinical trial for GM1 children is ongoing to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adeno-associated virus-mediated
delivery by intravenous injection, providing patients and families with hope for the future.
The Roma, also known as 'Gypsies', represent the largest and the most widespread ethnic minority of Europe. There is increasing evidence, based on linguistic, anthropological and genetic data, to ...suggest that they originated from the Indian subcontinent, with subsequent bottlenecks and undetermined gene flow from/to hosting populations during their diaspora. Further support comes from the presence of Indian uniparentally inherited lineages, such as mitochondrial DNA M and Y-chromosome H haplogroups, in a significant number of Roma individuals. However, the limited resolution of most genetic studies so far, together with the restriction of the samples used, have prevented the detection of other non-Indian founder lineages that might have been present in the proto-Roma population. We performed a high-resolution study of the uniparental genomes of 753 Roma and 984 non-Roma hosting European individuals. Roma groups show lower genetic diversity and high heterogeneity compared with non-Roma samples as a result of lower effective population size and extensive drift, consistent with a series of bottlenecks during their diaspora. We found a set of founder lineages, present in the Roma and virtually absent in the non-Roma, for the maternal (H7, J1b3, J1c1, M18, M35b, M5a1, U3, and X2d) and paternal (I-P259, J-M92, and J-M67) genomes. This lineage classification allows us to identify extensive gene flow from non-Roma to Roma groups, whereas the opposite pattern, although not negligible, is substantially lower (up to 6.3%). Finally, the exact haplotype matching analysis of both uniparental lineages consistently points to a Northwestern origin of the proto-Roma population within the Indian subcontinent.
In this article, we analyze the role of Roma families in shaping the paths of academic success of Roma women (hereinafter, the Romí). Our findings challenge biased views of Roma culture as a ...reproducer of gender inequality, which is assumed to be higher among the Roma than in other cultures. Recent advancements in the field of cultural and feminist studies show the role of Romí as agents of change in gender relations, which contributes to overcoming a stereotype that tends to hierarchically classify cultures as less or more unequal with regard to gender relations. This research includes Romí voices and concludes that family support in academic careers is a way of transforming gender relations within the Roma community. This study is based on the dialogical feminism and contributes to the acquisition of cultural competences about Romí among social workers, which may have a positive impact in the social work practice and the overcoming of stereotypes about this community.
Provider: - Institution: ERIAC - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Abstract:
What is Romani music? Balkan brass bands, zurla & tapan music, lăutar music, Manouche/Sinti/Gypsy jazz, and ...flamenco. These genres are just a few distinct musical repertoires that could fall under the broad definition of Romani Music. Music composed, played, and danced to by Romani performers is a diverse set of practices that are difficult to unite through musicological analysis; There is no “Gypsy scale,” rhythmic pattern, or harmonic structure shared by the vast repertoires of Romani Music. Romani musicians also engaged in cross-cultural exchange with local musical styles. In this lecture, we will explore the diverse universe of Romani Music as well as the role of music in fostering awareness of Romani people and their history.
Bavarlipe Roma Online University is an online educational platform where Roma and non-Roma can access knowledge about the Roma identity(ies), history(ies) and culture(s) thorough a collection of high-quality lectures delivered by leading Roma scholars on topics ranging from the Roma Holocaust to Roma cultural productions. In partnership with Central European University (CEU), this project is part of ERIAC’s Roma Cultural History Initiative financed by the German Federal Foreign Office (FFO).- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
This article focuses on the interplay of (de)marginalization and identity building among evangelical Roma in Estonia and Latvia. The evangelization of the Roma, who are traditionally Orthodox, ...Lutheran, or Catholic, is conducted by Finnish Roma as part of their Eastern European outreach. I discuss the complexity of conversion and attempts to de-marginalize the Roma in Estonia and the Vidzeme region of Latvia. The narrative of de-marginalization turns out not to be the main reason to convert, and even converted Roma face the challenge of managing the tensions arising from having to follow several moral codes. Nevertheless, the way the converted Roma build their new more layered identity is still dependent on the narrative of de-marginalization.
Renal hypouricemia (RHUC) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by impaired urate reabsorption in the proximal tubule resulting in low urate serum levels and increased urate excretion. Some ...patients may present severe complications such as exercise-induced acute renal failure and nephrolithiasis. RHUC is caused by inactivating mutations in the
(RHUC type 1) or
(RHUC type 2) genes, which encode urate transporters URAT1 and GLUT9, respectively. In this study, our goal was to identify mutations associated with twenty-one new cases with RHUC through direct sequencing of
and
coding exons. Additionally, we carried out an SNPs-haplotype analysis to determine whether the rare
variant c.374C>T; p.(T125M), which is recurrent in Spanish families with RHUC type 2, had a common-linked haplotype. Six intragenic informative SNPs were analyzed using PCR amplification from genomic DNA and direct sequencing. Our results showed that ten patients carried the
mutation c.1400C>T; p.(T467M), ten presented the
mutation c.374C>T, and one carried a new
heterozygous mutation, c.593G>A; p.(R198H). Patients carrying the
mutation c.374C>T share a common-linked haplotype, confirming that it emerged due to a founder effect.
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