•New C-glucosidic ellagitannin-derived spirit compounds quantification in Cognac eaux-de-vie.•Identification and quantification of a new compound, called brandy tannin B.•Oxidation compounds derived ...from ellagitannins are identified and quantified for the first time.•Brandy tannin B influences the gustative perception of Cognac eau-de-vie.
Ellagitannins are the main extractible phenolic compounds in oak wood. They can be extracted by eaux-de-vie aging in barrels but rapidly undergo chemical transformations, such as hydrolysis, reduction, oxidation, or even substitution reactions. Given gaps in knowledge about their composition in spirits, the goal of this work was to explore ellagitannin behavior during Cognac eaux-de-vie aging and search for new C-glucosidic ellagitannin-derived compounds. A purification protocol was followed to isolate the new formed compounds. UPLC-UV-Q-ToF and NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize a new C-glucosidic ellagitannin, named brandy tannin B. Two new forms of whiskey tannins were also isolated. The new compound, Brandy tannin B along with β-1-O-ethylvescalagin and β-1-O-ethylvescalin, and whiskey tannins were identified and quantified for the first time in Cognac eaux-de-vie. In addition, the organoleptic impact of brandy tannin B was evaluated. This work brings new insights into ellagitannin composition and their contribution to spirit quality.
El enfoque de género es mucho más que una simple percepción discursiva. Si bien la tolerancia y el respeto juegan un rol importante en la prevención de la violencia y cualquier forma de ...discriminación del género, no quiere decir que los factores culturales sean las únicas cuestiones predominantes en esta materia de estudio, pues lo queer, lo extraño, lo raro, últimamente se ha vuelto la excusa predilecta para rechazar todo aquello que se opone al género como una construcción. Palabras Claves: Enfoque de género; queer; identidad; espíritu; discriminación. The gender approach is much more than a simple discursive perception. While tolerance and respect play an important role in the prevention of violence and any form of gender discrimination, it does not mean that cultural factors are the only predominant issues in this subject of study, as the queer theory, the strange, the weird, lately it has become the favorite excuse to reject everything that opposes gender as a construction. Keywords: Gender approach; queer; identity; spirit; discrimination.
As settler colonialism has forcibly constricted vast expanses of Indigenous lands, criss-crossing them with superimposed borders, it has sought to redraw the boundaries of Indigenous identity by ...imposing definitions and categories that invariably lead to Indigenous diminishment. Strategic and eliminatory categorization is essential to the settler-colonial imperative. This essay explores settler-colonial exercises of rhetorical imperialism that deploy language, connotation, and categorization to dismantle Indigenous cultural systems. The author discusses the political stake in who is designated Indigenous, the drive to remake Indigenous nations in the image of the settler-state, the enforcement of cis-heteropatriarchal capitalist norms, and assimilationist strategies aiming to disrupt Indigenous formations of gender and kinship. The author argues that Indigenous assertions of peoplehood as a definitional and unifying framework and Two-Spirit as a self-identifier are acts of resistance that they term "oppositional identification" and "contrast mechanisms." They are exercises of rhetorical and radical sovereignty, tantamount to everyday decolonization.
Man is always a Sorcerer to Man. Welten, Ruud
Forum philosophicum (Kraków, Poland),
12/2023, Letnik:
28, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This article sets out to reinterpret Sartre’s famous analysis of the look in Being and Nothingness from the cultural-anthropological perspective developed in the posthumous Notebooks for an Ethics. ...In the latter, he comments on some passages by Michel Leiris on the cult of the zar, a North-African belief and practice involving spirit possession. The article also seeks to show the influence of cultural-anthropological thought on Sartre, asking about what new light these rather unexpected analyses may shed on his thinking about the relationship to the Other. I start with the doctrine of the look as we know it from Being and Nothingness. Then I examine how, in Sartre’s Notebooks, his account takes some new directions. The link with possession, already present—though underdeveloped—in Being and Nothingness, becomes clear. I briefly introduce Michel Leiris in order to interpret Sartre’s comments on the zar cult as described by Leiris. This opens up a new perspective on religion and the social. Finally, I offer some concluding considerations.
•Spirit-based distillers’ grain (SDG) was firstly used to produce 2,3-butanediol.•Starch could be directly converted into 2,3-BD by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.•Additional supplementation of ...commercial sources of nutrients was not necessary.
Spirit-based distillers’ grain (SDG), a waste eluted from the Chinese spirit-making process, is rich in starch, nitrogen, water-soluble vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and other growth stimulants. In this work, we investigated the use of SDG as feedstock for the fermentative production of 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD). Hydrolysis of the waste SDG was not necessary, and it was directly used as a substrate by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B10-127 to produce 2,3-BD. Exogenous nitrogen sources had little stimulating effect on 2,3-BD production, demonstrating that SDG requires no supplementary nutrient source for successful conversion. A productivity of 0.81g/L/h was achieved, which is the highest reported result for productivity of 2,3-BD with SDG waste material as the fermentation medium. We suggest that raw SDG can be used as the sole source of C and N in a commercially viable process to produce 2,3-BD.
Culture? A commonplace — a term assimilated by every individual, yet understood by few. Tradition is a series of manifestations viewed from far, where they have not entered yet the shadow cone of ...forgetfulness, something that does not attract us anymore, a product of an antiquated society. We could affirm that what belongs to us is within our reach, and what belongs to somebody else is tempting… Harassed by the context of a modern society, we forget to look soberly at the origins that define each one of us and on whose basis we defined our civic, ethical, moral and professional personality.
Spirit possession is a phenomenon that often elicits a response of fear, particular in those who are ignorant of its meaning and role within its particular religious and cultural traditions. ...Possession by divine beings (such as spirits or gods) is, however, a key practice in religions worldwide. It is therefore important to gain an understanding of this practice in its cultural context before trying to develop a wider theory about it. This fascinating book contains several case studies that present new interpretations of spirit possession worldwide. The authors show the diversity of possible interpretations and methodological approaches that provide a new insight into the understanding of possession and trance.
To identify, summarize, and analyse comments on the core reporting guidelines for protocols of randomized trials (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials SPIRIT 2013) and ...for completed trials (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials CONSORT 2010), with special emphasis on suggestions for guideline modifications.
We included documents written in English and published after 2010 that explicitly commented on SPIRIT 2013 or CONSORT 2010. We searched four bibliographic databases (Embase and MEDLINE to June 2022; Web of Science and Google Scholar to April 2022) and other sources (e.g., the EQUATOR Network website, the BMC Blog Network, and the BMJ rapid response section). Two authors independently assessed documents for eligibility and extracted data on basic characteristics and the wording of the main comments. We categorized comments as ‘suggestion for modification to the wording of an existing guideline item,’ ‘suggestion for a new item,’ or ‘reflections on challenges or strengths.’ We provided a summary and examples of the proposed suggestions and categorized comments into those that were directly linked to empirical investigations, were continuations of previous methodological discussions, or reflected new methodological developments.
We assessed full text of 2,320 potentially eligible documents and included 93 documents with 114 comments. In total, 37 comments suggested modifications to existing guideline items. The participant flow section of CONSORT 2010 received the most comments (eight comments made different suggestions, e.g., one comment suggested to add numbers on nonrandomized screened participants). There were 46 comments suggesting new items. Multiple suggestions were related to trial interventions (eight comments made different suggestions, e.g., one comment suggested to add content on cointerventions), blinding (six comments suggested to add content on risk of unblinding), statistical methods (five comments made different suggestions, e.g., one comment suggested to add content on blinding of statisticians), and participant flow (seven comments made different suggestions, e.g., three comments suggested to add content on missing data). Half (53%) of the suggestions were directly linked to empirical investigations. Six (7%) suggestions were continuations of previous methodological discussions and five (6%) suggestions reflected new methodological developments related to conflicts of interest and funding, data sharing, and patient and public involvement.
The issues raised provide context to authors, peer reviewers, editors, and readers of trials using SPIRIT 2013 and CONSORT 2010 and inform the planned updates of the core guidelines.
The convenient myth of Wilhelm Reich is that he “lost his mind” in the early 1950s, if not before, and that the last seven years of his life and work — the orgone and radiation experiments, the ...cloudbuster, and flying saucer intrigues — present an embarrassment. Even the counterculture that embraced Reich, not least William S. Burroughs, Norman Mailer, and filmmaker Dušan Makavejev, tended to distort his theory. The psychosis attached to Reich by his detractors was the culmination of decades of scapegoating by psychoanalysts, Nazis, communists, and conservatives. But Reich’s environmental and Cold War preoccupations and his slow-burning fascination with UFO phenomena were not signs of a madness incipient since his break with Sigmund Freud. They anticipated and reflected much in the American psyche. Defining the presence of a “cinematic self” in the misunderstood analyst once considered an heir to Freud, Wilhelm Reich versus the Flying Saucers rejects orthodox portrayals of Reich’s final years as merely pathological. Combining original analysis and evidence from the Wilhelm Reich Archive, James Reich uncovers the fatal moments in the psychologist’s uncanny identification with the “spaceman,” and the myth of a scientist lost to his own grandiosity and paranoia. Taking seriously the influence of The Day the Earth Stood Still, Bad Day at Black Rock, and other pop cultural narratives on Reich, this “psychoanalytic detective story” concerns existential traps, conscious and unconscious collaborations and betrayals by disciples, and unidentified flying object-relations. Reich’s is an atomic-age passion narrative. Vitally, Reich’s story could be ours. The author is not related to his subject.
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