Culture? A commonplace — a term assimilated by every individual, yet understood by few. Tradition is a series of manifestations viewed from far, where they have not entered yet the shadow cone of ...forgetfulness, something that does not attract us anymore, a product of an antiquated society. We could affirm that what belongs to us is within our reach, and what belongs to somebody else is tempting… Harassed by the context of a modern society, we forget to look soberly at the origins that define each one of us and on whose basis we defined our civic, ethical, moral and professional personality.
Using two recent films-Long Long Time Ago and Diam Diam Era-this article analyses how Jack Neo communicates a sanitized nostalgia for the "kampong spirit" through his films, which calibrates willing ...acceptance of the Singapore government's authoritarian rule. In supporting the state's presentist historiography, the films of Jack Neo induce a depoliticization of unpleasant memories arising from the ruling party's unpopular housing and language policies of the past. The nostalgia mediated in both films is aligned towards an imaginary geography and mental map of a First World nation, which exhorts Singaporeans to disavow "the tropics" by nostalgizing the state's modernization efforts. The cumulative thrust of an evidence-free and presentist nostalgia ostensible in both films, this work argues, satisfies the paternalistic state's obsession with the public legitimation of its ruling mandate.
Flavour in Scotch malt whisky is a key differentiating factor for consumers and producers alike. Yeast (commonly Saccharomyces cerevisiae) metabolites produce a significant amount of this flavour as ...part of distillery fermentations, as well as ethanol and carbon dioxide. Whilst yeast strains contribute flavour, there is limited information on the relationship between yeast strain and observed flavour profile. In this work, the impact of yeast strain on the aroma profile of new make spirit (freshly distilled, unmatured spirit) was investigated using 24 commercially available active dried yeast strains. The contribution of alcoholic, fruity, sulfury and sweet notes to new make spirit by yeast was confirmed. Generally, distilling strains could be distinguished from brewing and wine strains based on aroma and ester concentrations. However, no statistically significant differences between individual yeast strains could be perceived in the intensity of seven aroma categories typically associated with whisky. Overall, from the yeast strains assessed, it was found that new make spirit produced using yeast strains marketed as ‘brewing’ strains was preferred in terms of acceptability rating.
The present study aims to analyze the similarities found between two biblical pericopes in chapter 1 of the Gospel of John, namely the description of the baptism of Jesus by St. John the Baptist and ...the call to the apostolate of the first disciples. The two pericopes are analyzed from the perspective of the concept of indwelling, which is found in both texts, the first which speaks about the indwelling/location of the Spirit upon Jesus from the Baptism onwards, and the second which presents the indwelling/location of the first disciples at the place where Jesus lived. Both texts demonstrate a similar structure, consisting of five elements: introduction, ignorance or limited knowledge about Jesus, hints about knowing more, success in reaching this higher stage of knowledge, and testimony about what has been achieved.
The relationship between Europe and Spain is one of the main topics in Miguel de Unamuno’s thought. He considers that Spain’s role in the Western context of his time is to awaken the rest of the ...nations to a spiritual life, one that he finds threatened by the central current of European thought, solely devoted to the securities of materialism and scientism. His international correspondence contains various testimonies of how this thought reached different people who dialogued around these ideas from their positions and circumstances. This article offers a study of these letters aiming to show, on the one hand, the vitality of Unamuno’s approach, which exerted its influence beyond national borders and, on the other, its links with other intellectual movements in Europe at the time.
La relación Europa-España tiene una importante presencia en el pensamiento de Miguel de Unamuno. El intelectual vasco considera que el papel que España ha de desempeñar en el contexto occidental del momento es el de despertar al resto de naciones a una vida espiritual que él ve amenazada por una corriente central de pensamiento que se abandona únicamente a las seguridades del materialismo y el cientificismo. En su epistolario internacional encontramos testimonios de cómo esta reflexión caló en diversos individuos que pasaron a establecer un diálogo en torno a estas ideas desde sus propias posturas y circunstancias. El presente artículo ofrece un estudio de estas misivas para mostrar, por un lado, la vitalidad de este planteamiento unamuniano que ejerce su influjo más allá de las fronteras nacionales y, por otro, su vinculación con otros movimientos intelectuales de la Europa del momento.
Ethyl alcohol, or ethanol, is one of the most ubiquitous chemical compounds in the history of the chemical sciences. The generation of alcohol via fermentation is also one of the oldest forms of ...chemical technology, with the production of fermented beverages predating the smelting of metals. By the 12th century, the ability to isolate alcohol from wine had moved this chemical species from a simple component of alcoholic beverages to both a new medicine and a powerful new solvent. The use of alcohol as a fuel, however, did not occur until significantly later periods, the history of which is generally presented as a separate narrative from its initial applications as intoxicating beverages, medicines, or chemical reagents. The current report aims to more firmly connect these two disparate historical accounts, presenting an overview of the history of ethanol from its initial isolation in the 12th century through its current application as a fuel additive for most automotive vehicles in the United States.
Gamification is gaining popularity in organisational settings, yet it is unclear if investments in organisational gamification will pay off, given that reports of mixed results are commonplace in the ...literature. It is important that potential factors behind any mixed results from the initial wave of gamification research be identified and addressed before organisational scholars and practitioners start investing valuable resources into large-scale gamification projects. In this Issues and Opinions paper, we identify and discuss several reasons that may be contributing to the problem of mixed results. We ground our arguments in an umbrella review of the gamification literature. In line with the theme of "Putting more than mere 'Fun and Games' into Systems" for this special issue, we propose a framework grounded in Adaptive Structuration Theory and present a set of research questions that can help guide future organisational gamification research. Further, based on the strengths and limitations of our work, we identify several additional avenues to stimulate future research and produce fresh practical insights.
Bored stones are prolific in South Africa and found across much of sub-Saharan Africa. Most are surface finds, but some have been excavated from Pleistocene Stone Age deposits dating to between about ...11,000 to 45,000 years ago. Others are found in association with late Holocene Iron Age farmer occupations, and in some places, they have been used during historical times. The relationships between humans and these objects, therefore, transcend socio-economical boundaries. The stones are mostly thought of as weights for digging sticks—but some groups in sub-Saharan Africa also had/have ritualised, symbolic relationships with them. Here, I explore bored stones in their ritual and spiritual contexts, drawing largely on historical accounts. I also provide a summary of archaeological finds to demonstrate the possible time depth of such relationships.
Separation process is one of the key processes in the production of fruit spirits, including the traditional distillation method and the new pervaporation membrane method. The separation process ...significantly determines the constituents and proportions of compounds in the fruit spirit, which has a significant impact on the spirit quality and consumer acceptance. Therefore, it is important and complex to reveal the changing rules of chemical substances and the principles behind them during the separation process of fruit spirits. This review summarized the traditional separation methods commonly used in fruit spirits, covering the types, principles, and corresponding equipment of distillation methods, focused on the enrichment or removal of aroma compounds and harmful factors in fruit spirits by distillation methods, and tried to explain the mechanism behind it. It also proposed a new separation technology for the production of fruit spirits, pervaporation membrane technology, summarized its working principle, operation, working parameters, and application in the production of fruit spirits, and outlined the impact of the separation method on the production of fruit spirits based on existing research, focusing on the separation of flavor compounds, sensory qualities, and hazard factors in fruit spirits, along with a preliminary comparison with distillation. Finally, according to the current researches of the separation methods and the development requirement of the separation process of fruit spirits, the prospect of corresponding research is put forward, in order to propose new ideas and development directions for the research in this field.
In 2009, a land spirit disrupted plantation development within a contested Economic Land Concession in Cambodia. The spirit, along with efforts of a monk and NGO, ultimately persuaded state officials ...to return 5 ha of land to the local temple. In this paper, we bring together literature on the anthropology of religion, political economy of land possession, and critical development studies; we demonstrate that land spirits continue as members of political patronage chains at both the state and the local level, and show how the non‐capitalist logics of spirit negotiations both challenged and legitimized large‐scale land acquisition projects. The spirit was not subsumed by, but rather shaped, contemporary capitalist expansion in ways that call for a critical examination of the ontological certainty that all land is designed for human production and consumption.
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