Antibiotics have garnered global attention as a pressing concern due to their wide spread discharge to the environment and resulting significant threats to both human health and the environment. The ...Sulfate Radical-based Advanced Oxidation Processes (SR-AOPs) technique has already been verified as an effective process for pollutant degradation. Herein, FeS2@Co3O4-C composites, utilizing ZIF-67-derived Co3O4-C as the substrate material, were fabricated using a single-step solvothermal technique for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) by activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in combination with visible light irradiation. In the FeS2@Co3O4-C/PMS/Vis system, the FeS2@Co3O4-C showed better activation performance than the single chemical activation system or photocatalytic system, with 97.2 % TC removed in 20 min. The FeS2@Co3O4-C composite material was thoroughly investigated employing X-ray diffraction (XRD) for analyzing its crystal structure, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for detailed structural insights, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphological examination, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the elemental valence states. The quenching experiments, along with EPR test, revealed that the primary active oxygen species consisted of 1O2, O2·-, and h+. The results presented here suggest the impressive stability and recyclability of FeS2@Co3O4-C making it a potential candidate as an efficient catalyst for initiating the activation of PMS in degrading persistent organic pollutants present in water.
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•FeS2@Co3O4-C composite was prepared by a facile hydrothermal process.•Persulfate activation of FeS2@Co3O4-C was tested for tetracycline (TC) degradation.•TC removal efficiency of FeS2@Co3O4-C/PMS/Vis system exceeded 97 % in 20 min.•The active radicals and activation mechanisms involved in reaction were proposed.
Myocardial uptake of bone tracers has emerged as useful tool for the early detection of transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR). The prevalence of wild-type ATTR (ATTRwt) in individuals remains to be ...established.
All whole body bone scans performed in individuals ≥ 75 years with no previous clinical suspicion of ATTR were revised in a population-based university hospital over a 7-year period (1509 studies corresponding to 1114 patients; 80.5 ± 4.1 years, 65% males). Positive cardiac uptake was defined according to Perugini score as grade 2 or 3. Heart failure (HF) hospitalizations during the follow-up were obtained from regional administrative databases.
Thirty-one patients ≥ 75 years (2.78%) showed cardiac uptake; compared with those without uptake, these patients were older (85 ± 5 vs. 80 ± 4, p < 0.001) and predominantly males (90% vs. 64%, p = 0.005). The prevalence of cardiac uptake was 3.88% in males and 0.77% in females, and increased with age, reaching 13.9% in males≥85 years (2.7% among females). The estimated prevalence for the European standard population ≥ 75 years was 4.15% in males, 1.03% in females and 2.59% in the general population. HF hospitalizations rates were 14% in patients without uptake and 29% in those with cardiac uptake (p = 0.034). After adjusting for age and gender, cardiac uptake was associated with a higher risk of HF hospitalization (OR 2.60, 95%CI 1.09–5.74, p = 0.022).
Myocardial uptake in bone scan is very prevalent with ageing, mainly affects males and is associated with an increased risk of HF hospitalization. These findings reinforce ATTRwt as a relevant cause of HF in the elderly.
•Over 75 years, 3.88% of males and 0.77% of females had cardiac uptake in bone scan.•Among males over 85 years, prevalence of cardiac uptake reached 13.9%.•Cardiac uptake was associated with a higher risk of HF hospitalization.
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•A Sphingobacterium changzhouense strain capable of removing and biodegrading TC was isolated.•EPS and cellular surface biosorption, biodegradation and antibiotics efflux was the main ...survival mechanism for S. changzhouense TC931.•Eight possible biotransformation products were identified and the potential degradation pathway was proposed.•The ecological safety assessment when applied in microbial bioremediation was evaluated through genomic bioinformation analysis.
Sphingobacterium changzhouense TC931 was isolated as a novel TC (tetracycline) removal bacterium through adsorption on extracellular polymerase substances (EPS) and cellular surface and biodegradation. TC biodegradation efficiency by strain TC931 was affected by solution initial pH and carbon source. Polysaccharides and hydrocarbons in EPS and cellular surface were responsible for TC biosorption. Eight possible biodegradation products were identified and the biodegradation pathway was proposed. Strain TC931 was rich in antibiotic resistance genes, and tetX-TC931 and antibiotics resistance genome island (GI) may be acquired via horizontal gene transfer in early evolutionary history. The GI was incomplete and may stable in strain TC931, but it could develop into an intact and transferability GI with help of other mobile genetic elements. This work offers a theoretical basis for understanding the survival and biodegradation mechanisms of S. changzhouense TC931 under TC stress, and offers an ecological safety assessment for its application in environmental bioremediation.
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•3D multi-stage porous structure provides abundance catalytic active sites.•High pyridine-N and amination porous structure enhance adsorption capacity.•The added porphyrin effectively ...promotes light-trapping ability of the material.•The materials exhibited photocatalytic reduction–oxidation bifunctionality.•The 3D foam materials favor to solve aggregation and recovery of powder catalysts.
Facing energy waste caused by carbon emissions and environmental pollution brought by the overuse of antibiotics, this work successfully synthesized a series of biomimetic porphyrin-modified three-dimensional (3D) porous composites as catalysts and used photocatalysis to recycle CO2 greenhouse gas and degrade tetracycline (TC) into harmless small molecules. The integration of adsorption and catalysis is an important way to achieve efficient photocatalysis. A prepared composite material (x-TA/C-ZCF) featured a porous structure, high content of pyridine nitrogen, and modified surface amino groups with strong adsorption capacity for CO2, as well as excellent light absorption performance derived from the incorporation of the TCPP porphyrin component. This material showed outstanding pollutant adsorption and degradation capacity for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and degradation of TC. Notably, 1-TA/C-ZCF catalyst achieved high yields of CO (392.23 μmol g−1) and CH4 (34.55 μmol g−1) and excellent TC adsorption degradation effect. In terms of practical application, the sponge monolithic material is designed to facilitate recycling and reuse, and showed excellent reusability and stability. This work, combined with the design of dual degradation functional monolithic catalysts with the advantages of adsorption and catalysis, will provide valuable reference for the preparation of efficient photocatalysts for resource and environmental applications.
Today's phones have as many as 60 front-end radios covering multiple frequency bands. For each frequency band, acoustic filters offer high-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">{Q} ...</tex-math></inline-formula>, good power handling, and linearity in a very small package. These properties are crucial when addressing the "explosion" in the number of radios and the filters needed by today's Smart Phones. Moving forward, filter integration will become essential for cost and size. A novel lithium tantalate (LT) bonded to silicon hybrid substrate silicon SAW (SiSAW) was developed that provides temperature compensation, good power handling properties, while mostly eliminating spurious modes created between the LT/Si interface. One of several advantages of this technique is that one can integrate as many filters as needed onto one die. This provides for cost savings as well as area savings while reproducing the inherent performance of high-quality temperature compensated (TC)-surface acoustic waves (TC-SAWs).
Summary
Objective
Despite the increasing number of studies reporting results of stereo‐electroencephalography (SEEG)–guided radiofrequency‐thermocoagulation (SEEG‐guided RF‐TC) in the treatment of ...patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy, the exact efficacy of this approach remains unclear. The seizure‐freedom rate varies greatly across studies and the factors associated with efficacy have not been formally investigated.
Methods
All prospective or retrospective studies reporting efficacy and/or safety of SEEG‐guided RF‐TC in patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy were included. The primary outcome was the seizure‐free rate 1 year after the procedure. Secondary outcomes were (1) the responder rate 1 year after the procedure and (2) the proportion of patients with permanent neurologic deficit 1 year after the procedure. Each outcome was assessed in all patients and in 4 groups of patients defined by the etiology of epilepsy. Each outcome was pooled using inverse variance weighting, logit transformation of proportion, and a random‐effects model.
Results
No prospective study was identified and a total of 6 retrospective studies, reporting efficacy and safety data of 296 patients, were included. The pooled rate of permanent neurologic deficit was 2.5% (95% confidence interval CI 1.2%‐5.3%), without heterogeneity across studies. In contrast, both the seizure‐free and responder rates varied greatly across studies, and statistical heterogeneity was high. The pooled seizure‐free and responder rates were 23% (95% CI 8%‐50%) and 58% (95% CI 36%‐77%), respectively. Both for the seizure‐free and responder rates, the greatest efficacy was observed in patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia and the lowest in patients with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.
Significance
SEEG‐guided RF‐TC is a safe procedure with low risk of complications. In contrast, the level of evidence regarding its efficacy remains low. Better identification of factors associated with seizure outcome are needed.
•Coordination trends.•Isomerism.•Metal-mediated reactions.•Synthesis routes.•Chelators.
Studies concerning the development of radiopharmaceuticals based on the Tc(I) carbonyl core are considered from ...the coordination-chemical viewpoint. The coordination behavior of the fac-Tc(CO)3+ core (hard/soft acid properties, complexation kinetics and thermodynamics, coordination preferences, mutual influence of ligands) is discussed in detail. Particular attention is paid to possible coordination isomerism and stereoisomerism of the complexes—problems that often escape from researchers’ attention. Metal-mediated ligand transformations, which can play both positive and negative role in the synthesis, are summarized for the first time. A comparative analysis of possible labeling strategies (one-pot, prelabeling, postlabeling) is made with more detailed consideration of the click-to-chelate and chelate-then-click approaches. A summary of ligands and ligand systems used for tethering the fac-Tc(CO)3+ core to biomolecules is made, including typical complexation conditions, yields, and key characteristics of the bioconjugate stability. Alternative technetium carbonyl coordination cores (higher carbonyls, mer-Tc(CO)3+, Tc(CO)2(NO)2+, Tc(CO)2(phosphine, isonitrile)2+, Tc(CO)2(isonitrile)4+) are briefly discussed. Coordination-chemical problems deserving, in authors’ opinion, a more detailed study are pointed out.
Purpose
This study aimed at identifying prior therapy dosimetric parameters using
99m
Tc-labeled macro-aggregates of albumin (MAA) that are associated with contralateral hepatic hypertrophy occurring ...after unilobar radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) performed with
90
Y–loaded glass microspheres.
Methods
The dosimetry data of 73 HCC patients were collected prior to the treatment with
90
Y–loaded microspheres for unilateral disease. The injected liver dose (ILD), the tumor dose (TD) and healthy injected liver dose (HILD) were calculated based on MAA quantification. Following treatment, the maximal hypertrophy (MHT) of an untreated lobe was calculated.
Results
Mean MHT was 35.4 ± 40.4%. When using continuous variables, the MHT was not correlated with any tested variable, i.e., injected activity, ILD, HILD or TD except with a percentage of future remnant liver (FRL) following the
90
Y–microspheres injection (
r
= −0.56). MHT ≥ 10% was significantly more frequent for patients with HILD ≥ 88 Gy, (52% of the cases), i.e., in 92.2% versus 65.7% for HILD < 88 Gy (
p
= 0.032). MHT ≥ 10% was also significantly more frequent for patients with a TD ≥ 205 Gy and a tumor volume (VT) ≥ 100 cm
3
in patients with initial FRL < 50%. MHT ≥10% was seen in 83.9% for patients with either an HILD ≥ 88 Gy or a TD ≥ 205 Gy for tumors larger than 100cm
3
(85% of the cases), versus only 54.5% (
p
= 0.0265) for patients with none of those parameters. MHT ≥10% was also associated with FRL and the Child-Pugh score. Using multivariate analysis, the Child-Pugh score (
p
< 0.0001), FRL (
p
= 0.0023) and HILD (
p
= 0.0029) were still significantly associated with MHT ≥10%.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates for the first time that HILD is significantly associated with liver hypertrophy. There is also an impact of high tumor doses in large lesions in one subgroup of patients. Larger prospective studies evaluating the MAA dosimetric parameters have to be conducted to confirm these promising results.
A comprehensive understanding of the geochemical behavior of 99Tc is of great importance for safe disposal of radioactive waste and remediation of contaminated environmental sites. Illite is one of ...the most common constituents of clay rocks, and thus used in this work as a model system for studying the retention and transport of 99Tc in clay-rich systems. In this study, a through-diffusion technique was applied to investigate the diffusion behavior of Tc in compacted illite clay under oxic and anoxic conditions. Particular focus of this investigation was on the role of Fe(II) on the redox state and mobility of Tc in clay. As the diffusion cells contained stainless steel filters for confining the clay plug, 99Tc-diffusion in the filters was assessed first, followed by 99Tc diffusion in the illite column with or without Fe-loading. Two types of Fe(II) loadings in illite were considered, surface complexed Fe(II) on illite edge sites and Fe(II) added as pyrite grains. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to analyze the diffusion data. The measured filter porosity was about 0.2 and the effective diffusion coefficient, De, for Tc (as TcO4−) in the filter was 0.59 × 10−10 m2/s. Tc diffusion in illite under ambient conditions showed a typical anion diffusion behavior with De in the range 0.38-0.44 × 10−10 m2/s and the anion accessible porosity ε of approximately 0.2. In the presence of Fe(II), De for Tc migration in illite was one order of magnitude lower, showing that Fe(II) has a significant effect on the migration of 99Tc. Analysis of the Tc distribution in the system suggests that most Tc was retarded at the filters, especially the ones connected to the high concentration reservoir. The remaining Tc quantities were immobilized at sample boundaries next to the filters with higher concentrations observed in the domains close to the reservoirs. Almost no Tc was immobilized in the middle part of the sample, where the Fe(II) was preloaded. This observation contradicts the anticipation, because Tc was expected to be immobilized in the middle of the sample preloaded with Fe(II). A possible explanation is that a delocalized redox reaction may occur, which means that electrons from the oxidation of the preloaded Fe(II) in the central part of the cell are transferred to the filter via the walls of the steel diffusion cell. Tc reacts with the electrons in the filter at a relative slow rate, which results in most of the Tc retarded in the filter, while some small amounts of it may diffuse through the clay.
•99Tc diffusion parameters in stainless filters were assessed.•Fe(II) has a significant effect on the migration of 99Tc.•Most Tc was retarded at the filters.•A delocalized redox reaction is proposed to experiment observation.
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