Tourist safety is a pertinent global issue affecting travellers and destinations. This study presents a conceptualization of tourists' sense of safety, including their expected and experienced ...safety. This study outlines the measurement of tourists' expected and experienced safety by surveying Chinese domestic tourists who visited Xiamen, China. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes reveal 20 measurement items that fall under 5 dimensions of tourists' expected and experienced safety: safety concerns, tourism environment, facilities and services, regional culture, and safety information. Significant differences emerged on all five dimensions and most measurement items related to tourists' sense of safety. Overall, tourists' experienced safety exceeded their expected safety, and tourists generally felt safe while visiting Xiamen.
Ethnic and social stereotypes are an indicative and multifunctional socio-cultural phenomenon that cannot be considered fully studied either in theoretical or in content-practical terms. The paper ...compares the results of the analysis of current historical, historiographical and cultural scientific works on Don Cossacks, the study of representations of the culture of Don Cossacks in the tourist and socio-cultural spheres in the Rostov Region (24 objects), a pilot survey (N = 70) of respondents for the reconstruction of ideas about Don Cossacks. In the scientific discourse of recent years about Don Cossacks, there is a tendency to discuss the directed formation of the image of the Cossacks by certain social forces.
Although the customer experience-satisfaction nexus is a highly developed body of work in the wider literature, this link has scarcely been explored in health tourism. Accordingly, this paper aims to ...assess the dimensions of health services experiences leading to tourists' satisfaction and the moderating role of trust and emotions in the link between satisfaction and destination loyalty. A PLS-SEM is employed to analyze data from a sample of 225 health tourists in Egypt. The results show that health tourism experiences dimensions significantly affect tourists' satisfaction, which in turn positively impacts their loyalty. Additionally, destination trust and emotions moderate the connection between satisfaction and loyalty. Theoretical contributions arise for scholars and practical ramifications are presented for service providers and stakeholders in the Egyptian health tourism scene.
Awareness of behaviors which cause offence represents a pathway to promoting better civic conduct by tourists. Recent tensions in Hong Kong have highlighted some problematic behaviors of Mainland ...Chinese tourists. The study was conducted in Macao and systematically compared the perceptions of the levels of annoyance of 40 troublesome behaviors. The list was developed through an intensive emic evaluation procedure. It was demonstrated that there was broad agreement on the most problematic behaviors. Overall, Hong Kong citizens were more troubled by the tourist behaviors than their mainland counterparts. Significant differences emerged for five behaviors, two of which-bumping into others in a crowd and smoking anywhere without considering those around them-were highlighted as key tension points. Specific attention by tourists to key behaviors may reduce friction with other tourists and local citizens.
Satisfaction surveys usually include evaluations of different destination attributes on an ordinal scale. On such a scale, the mid-point of which is indifference, the tourist can express his/her ...satisfaction or dissatisfaction with each attribute. In this study it is suggested that some of the tourists’ negative or unsatisfactory experiences need to be defined within a specific context of evaluation. An analysis is made of the differences and the complementary nature of the concepts and measurements of satisfaction and dissatisfaction during the holiday experience. This paper examines the impact of the satisfaction- and dissatisfaction-based evaluations on both the tourists’ overall satisfaction and their intention to return to the destination.
This paper innovatively applies a sentiment-analysis model to capture Chinese tourists' evaluations of destinations in Australia and compares those evaluations with evaluations produced by ...international tourists. Built on the techniques of lexicon filtering, co-occurrence analysis and semantic clustering, the model analyses online reviews written by Chinese tourists on domestic online social media and for travel agencies. A total of 36,148 portions of tourists' online reviews were collected to generate tourist sentiment ranking and images as the overall evaluation of the destinations. The findings led to the conclusions that the market features and preferences of Chinese tourists remain distinguished from international tourists, which must be critically and continuously observed. This work overcomes the linguistic barrier of transforming the great volume of tourists' reviews into an alternative new data source for global destination marketing. This paper also advances the literature by successfully applying sentiment-image analysis to online tourism reviews.
•36,148 pieces of Chinese tourists' online reviews were collected for this study.•The market features and preferences of Chinese tourists remain highly distinguished from international tourists.•Chinese tourists tend to have more critical and diverse sentiments than international tourists.•Chinese tourists are more interested in diversified and scene-related tourism attractions.•The popularity of destinations is not positively associated with their reputations.
Avoiding negative word of mouth would be of vital importance for promoting sustainable rural tourism. By searching for the channels influencing the effect of residents' irregular business behaviours ...(RIBB) on negative word of mouth (NWOM) in rural tourism destinations, incorporating how to moderate such effect, this study found that RIBB would affect NWOM via tourists' anger emotions (TAE) or tourists' regret emotions (TRE). Additionally, destination attractiveness positively moderates the effect of RIBB on either TAE or TRE, indicating that tourists with a high perceived destination attraction might not mitigate TAE or TRE, which might go against the saying of 'Love me, love my dog'. This study thus argued that destination attractiveness would not mitigate the effect of RIBB on either TAE or TRE, thereby deteriorating NWOM, which would be an essential finding that may contribute to the existing literature by either shedding new light on the important and special role of destination attractiveness or providing an alternative explanation based on the emotion-appraisal theory.
This research investigates the influence of Media Coverage and the perceived risks related to travel and tourism by the pandemic's time on the odds of potential outbound tourists' level of awareness. ...The data of 1845 individuals nested from more than 12 countries and 4 continents representing quarantined and most impacted areas in the world during the crisis phase. A multilevel model with a categorical dichotomous outcome was applied. The findings confirm that media have preeminent control on accentuating potential travellers' awareness during a crisis as the primary source of information. Besides, the physical perceived risk influences the likelihood to fall in the group of aware individuals. The research gives insights and evidence to practitioners of the tourism industry in destinations to plan and organize better with governmental authorities and provide ethical, responsible, and accurate information about the real situation and the health system's responses through their communication and information efforts during the recovery phase.
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