Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl, which belongs to the Apiaceae family, is a species that mainly grows in the eastern Mediterranean region and in western Asia. It has been largely used in traditional ...medicine in several countries and it has been shown to possess several interesting biological properties. With the aim to provide new insights into the phytochemistry and pharmacology of this species, the essential oils of flowers and leaves from a local accession that grows in Sicily (Italy) and has not yet been previously studied were investigated. The chemical composition of both oils, obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves and flowers, was evaluated by GC-MS. This analysis allowed us to identify a new chemotype, characterized by a large amount of (Z)-β-ocimene. Furthermore, these essential oils have been tested for their possible antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. P. ferulacea essential oils exhibit moderate antimicrobial activity; in particular, the flower essential oil is harmful at low and wide spectrum concentrations. They also exhibit good antioxidant activity in vitro and in particular, it has been shown that the essential oils of the flowers and leaves of P. ferulacea caused a decrease in ROS and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in OZ-stimulated PMNs. Therefore, these essential oils could be considered as promising candidates for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical preparations.
The purpose of this study was to identify the chemical components in aerial parts of Hypecoum erectum. A new 1,3-benzodioxole derivative, identified as Hypecoumic acid (1), was isolated, together ...with the three known compounds: protopine (2), coptisine (3), and cryptopine (4). Their structures were identified based on extensive spectroscopic experiments, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS), as well as comparison with those reported in the literature. Meanwhile, the in vitro antioxidative activity of all compounds was determined using a DPPH-scavenging assay, and compound 1 (ICsub.50 = 86.3 ± 0.2 μM) was shown to have moderate antioxidative activity.
The Myrtaceae family is one of the most representative in the Amazon. Several species have high added-value pharmacological potential. In order to contribute to the knowledge of the aromatic profile ...of Myrtaceae species from the Amazon, the present study presents the first report on the productivity, chemical composition, and antioxidant profile of the essential oil (EO) of Myrcia paivae. Dry leaves of the species were submitted to hydrodistillation to obtain their EO. The EO performance was calculated on a moisture-free basis and the analysis of the chemical profile was carried out by GC/MS. The determination of the antioxidant capacity was assessed by means of the antioxidant capacity equivalent to the inhibition Trolox of the ABTSsup.*+ and DPPHsup.* radicals. The results indicate that EO performance was equivalent to 1.69%. As for the chemical composition, hydrocarbon monoterpenes were predominant in the sample (>77%); terpinolene (14.70%), α-phellandrene (14.69%), γ-terpinene (9.64%), sylvestrene (7.62%), α-thujene (6.46%), and α-pinene (6.39%) were the constituents with higher content. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the results show that the EO presented good results in the inhibition of ABTSsup.*+ (0.886 ± 0.226 mM Lsup.−1) and DPPHsup.* (2.90 ± 0.083 mM Lsup.−1), which can be attributed to the high monoterpene content in the sample.
Dietary polyphenols are thought to be beneficial for human health as antioxidants. Coffee beans contain a common polyphenol, chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is the ester of caffeic acid and quinic ...acid. Although these polyphenols have received much attention, there is little evidence indicating a relationship between the effect and the rate of absorption. In this study, we focused on the beneficial effects of chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, a major metabolite of chlorogenic acid. We carried out in vitro and in vivo experiments. In the in vitro study, caffeic acid had stronger antioxidant activity than that of chlorogenic acid. The uptake of chlorogenic acid by Caco-2 cells was much less than that of caffeic acid. The physiological importance of an orally administered compound depends on its availability for intestinal absorption and subsequent interaction with target tissues. We then used an intestinal ischemia–reperfusion model to evaluate antioxidant activities in vivo. We found that both chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid had effects on intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury. Since caffeic acid has a stronger antioxidant activity than that of chlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid is hydrolyzed into caffeic acid in the intestine, it is possible that caffeic acid plays a major role in the protective effect of chlorogenic acid against ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Binding of Iron Teselkin, Yu.O; Babenkova, I.V; Lyubitsky, O.B ...
Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine,
05/2023, Letnik:
175, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We studied the ability of an aqueous extract from yerba mate and a dry extract obtained on the basis of this aqueous extract to remove Fe(II) ions from an aqueous medium. Aqueous extracts from mate ...dose-dependently reduced the concentration of free Fe(II) ions assayed by the reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline. This can be attributed to polyphenolic compounds with iron-chelating properties present in aqueous extracts from mate, namely quercetin, rutin, caffeic and chlorogenic acids. These substances effectively removed Fe(II) ions from the medium (the initial concentration of these ions was 15 microM) in the concentration range of 20-30 microM. Binding of Fe(II) ions by aqueous mate extracts (due to the formation of chelate complexes with the participation of polyphenolic compounds) modified their absorption spectra in the visible region. Binding of Fe(II) ions can be a mechanism of the antioxidant action of yerba mate. Key Words: yerba mate; Ilex paraguariensis; iron ions; polyphenolic compounds; antioxidants
Cardoon leaves are of great pharmaceutical importance due to their high content of polyphenol compounds. Polyphenolic compounds have attracted much interest due to their health-promoting effects. The ...content of these compounds in C. cardunculus depends on several factors, such as genotype, crop management, plant tissues, harvest time, and storage time. In this study, the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilisation (rates and forms) on the biomass yield and polyphenol profile of the leaves were determined. Increasing the amount of N up to 180 kg-hasup.−1 in fertilisation did not significantly increase the air-dried biomass yield of the leaves. On the contrary, it led to lower concentrations of total phenolic compounds (TP), total flavonoids (TF), caffeic acid, cynarin, and luteolin. Improvements in performance were achieved when 120 kg-hasup.−1 N rate was applied and increases in TP, TF content, and radical scavenging activity were observed. The applied N forms (NOsub.3, NHsub.4 or urea) had different effects on the concentrations of individual compounds and leaf air-dried biomass. Higher concentrations of cynarin, luteolin, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were found when the N forms NHsub.4 and urea were applied; higher caffeic acid content was found when urea was applied. The application of NOsub.3 and urea in fertilisation reduced the level of luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, while the application of NOsub.3 and NHsub.4 reduced the amount of caffeic acid. The obtained results provide a better understanding of the effects of N rates and forms on cardoon leaves over two growing seasons.
The genus Dipteryx, to which the cumaru tree belongs, contains neotropical species native to Central and South American countries. They are used both in the sale of timber and seeds and for the ...extraction of the active compound coumarin, used as a flavoring agent. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of extracts of leaves, branches, and fruits (residues and seeds) of the species Dipteryx punctata. The plant material for analysis was collected in five seed-producing areas, in Mojuí dos Campos, Pará, Brazil. The extracts were obtained via Soxhlet extractor using 92.8% distilled ethanol as the solvent and operated till exhaustion (8 h). Chromatographic analyses were performed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), followed by phytochemical determination of phenolics and flavonoids and analysis of antioxidant activity (TLC and free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The highest extract yields were obtained from D. punctata fruit residues and seeds from all areas, with maximum values of 26.1% and 47.2%, respectively, in Boa Fé (area 3). In the evaluation by TLC, the extracts of leaves, branches, and residues presented the classes of terpenes, condensed and hydrolysable tannins, and flavonoids; coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) was identified only in residue and seed extracts. The major constituents highlighted in the collection areas were: lupeol in leaves (34.4% in area 5), 4-O-methylmannose in branches and residues (85.5% in area 2 and 90.6% in area 5, respectively), and coumarin in seeds (99.3% in area 3). The best results for the antioxidant action were obtained for extracts from leaves and residues, requiring a concentration of 117.6 µg.mLsup.−1 of the extract from the leaves and 160.4 µg.mLsup.−1 of the extract from the residues to reduce the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical by 50%. This phytochemical study contributes to reducing the scarcity of information on D. punctata. The chemical classes and compounds identified corroborate the antioxidant activity and add value to the species, and the data obtained reinforce the importance of reusing fruit residues, which are chemically rich but discarded in the environment.
Disphyma crassifolium, commonly known as sea fingers, is a halophyte plant recently introduced in gourmet cuisine. The present study aims to extract the bioactive compounds of D. crassifolium using ...ultrasound-assisted extraction and employing green solvents (water and ethanol). The antioxidant/antiradical activities, scavenging capacity against reactive species, phenolic profile, and intestinal effects were evaluated. The highest total phenolic (53.13 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g on dry weight (dw)) and flavonoid contents (18.98 mg of catechin equivalent (CE)/g dw) as well as antioxidant (149.69 µmol of ferrous sulphate equivalent (FSE)/g dw) and antiradical capacities (9.37 mg of ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE)/g dw) were achieved for the alcoholic extract. Moreover, the alcoholic extract exhibited an efficient uptake of HOCl (ICsub.50 = 1.97 µg/mL) and ROOsup.• (0.34 μmol of Trolox equivalent (TE)/mg dw). A total of 34 phenolic compounds were identified in the extracts, with flavonols (isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, and myricetin), flavanols (catechin), and phenolic acids (gallic and ellagic acids) being the principal classes. The intestinal cell viability assays attested that the alcoholic extract presented the lowest ICsub.50 values (289.82 and 35.77 µg/mL for HT29-MTX and Caco-2), showing probable anticancer activity. These results emphasize the potential of D. crassifolium as a nutraceutical ingredient.
Dryas oxyodonta Yuz. is a perennial evergreen shrub from the Rosaceae family. D. oxyodonta thrives in subalpine and subarctic regions, as well as in highlands spanning from Central Asia to Siberia ...and Mongolia. Owing to a lack of information on its chemical composition, we conducted qualitative and quantitative chromatographic analyses on extracts from the leaves and flowers of D. oxyodonta sourced from various Siberian habitats. Employing high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection and electrospray ionization triple-quadrupole mass spectrometric detection, we identified 40 compounds, encompassing gallotannins, hydroxycinnamates, procyanidins, catechins, flavonoids, and triterpenes. All Siberian populations of D. oxyodonta exhibited a notable abundance of phenolic compounds. Furthermore, we identified rare glycosides, such as sexangularetin and corniculatusin, as potential markers of the chemodiversity within the Dryas genus. Extracts from the flowers and leaves were effective scavengers of free radicals, including DPPHsup.•, ABTSsup.•+−, Osub.2 sup.•−, and sup.•OH radicals. Our findings unequivocally establish D. oxyodonta as a rich source of phenolic compounds with potent antioxidant activity, suggesting its potential utility in developing novel functional products.
PDF
