Aquaponic (AQP) systems use aquaculture wastewater to supply the nutrients for plant growth. Recent fish meal (FM) production and price trends call for adopting of financially and environmentally ...sustainable protein sources for fish feed. However, different protein sources can alter the macro-and micro-nutrient effluxes from fish tanks and their nutritional value for plant growth. Early attempts to formulate the AQP diets have focused on enhancing nutrient efflux via dietary additives such as potassium diformate or potassium chloride. Here we present an alternative approach. We tested the effect of four aquafeeds differing in protein sources (complete substitution of FM with black soldier fly meal, BSFM; poultry blood meal, PBM; and hydrolyzed feather meal, HFM) on nutrient efflux in the water from Colossoma macropomum and Clarias gariepinus. The water from PBM and HFM-fed fish showed the highest efflux of TN (0.106 and 0.097 mg.L−1.g of feed, respectively), while the efflux of soluble reactive phosphorus and calcium was highest in FM-fed fish (0.012 and 0.028 mg.L−1.g of feed, respectively). BSFM-fed fish had the highest efflux of magnesium and potassium (0.008 and 0.023 mg.L−1.g of feed, respectively). Regarding macronutrients, the species-specific effects were observed only in sulphur, with higher efflux from C. macropomum. Iron efflux was not affected by diet, while higher efflux was observed in the trial with Clarias gariepinus. Effluxes of other micronutrients showed diet- and species-specific effects, except for zinc and manganese, with similar effluxes between species. In general, we found that it is possible to manipulate the nutrient efflux from RAS using alternative sustainable aquafeed components.
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•An alternative approach to formulate aquaponic diets is presented.•Sustainable aquafeeds alter the macro- and micro-nutrient efflux in aquaponics.•The species-specific effect was observed for S, B, Cu, and Fe.•It is possible to manipulate nutrient efflux using different feedstuffs.
The effect of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, in unit I) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio, in unit II) on plant growth (cucumber - Cucumis sativus, tomato - Solanum lycopersicum and ...lettuce - Lactuca sativa in co-cultivation) was investigated in two identical gravel substrate ebb-and-flood coupled aquaponic units (I, II) with 3.81m3 total water volume and without addition of fertiliser for 70days. The daily extruded floating feed input of 1.2% (200g) of initial fish biomass (16.7kg) per unit equalled 12.0g feed per kg fish or 52.5gm−3. Growth of O. niloticus (unit I) was better (p<0.05) in final weight (57.4g±27.9), final biomass (27,683.3g±160.7), specific growth rate (0.70%d−1±0.01) and feed conversion ratio (1.31±0.02) in comparison to C. carpio (unit II, 42.7g±22.2, 21,866.7g±568.6, 0.39%d−1±0.02, 2.69±0.20). Tomato gross biomass was two times higher in combination with O. niloticus and tomato fruit weight was slightly higher. Plant growth in cucumber showed higher total fresh biomass in the C. carpio unit. Lettuce yield was near zero as a result of inter-specific competition. The Aquaponic Growth Factor (AGF), describing the growth performance of fish and plant combinations, was highest in tomato (1.12) combined with O. niloticus compared with C. carpio (0.53). However, the AGF of cucumber was slightly higher in combination with C. carpio (0.14) compared with O. niloticus (0.12). This study demonstrates best plant growth for the combination of O. niloticus with tomato and C. carpio with cucumber. The unit stocked with C. carpio had higher levels of oxygen (6.3mgL−1±0.8) and oxygen saturation (78.6%±8.4) in contrast to O. niloticus (5.8mgL−1±0.8, 73.2%±8.9). The long steady state of dissolved oxygen inside both units allowed a higher daily feed input of 0.3% of fish initial biomass during spring and summer seasons, 25% above the optimal feed input estimated for the same units during winter time (0.9%=150g). C. carpio extended the equilibrium phase during plant production before a significant oxygen drop occurred, beneficial for coupled aquaponics. Different growth performance of fish and plant combinations suggest multiple fish species use or polyponics (polyculture+aquaponics) in coupled aquaponics to increase plant yield.
Different fish species used in identical aquaponic systems change oxygen levels and alter plant species growth. We herewith confirm this for two further fish species, and suggest combined fish species cultivation (polyponics) in coupled aquaponics to increase plant performance.
•Aquaponics of vegetables showed best plant growth combining of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)•Cucumber fresh biomass tended to have a higher yield in combination with Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)•Diametrical fish and plant growth suggests multiple fish species use or polyponics (polyculture+aquaponics)•Less oxygen use of Carp in comparison with Tilapia extended the stable performance of the coupled aquaponics•Summer conditions allowed 25% higher fish feed input compared with winter conditions
Traditional agricultural systems are challenged by globally declining resources resulting from climate change and growing population. Alternative agricultural practices such as aquaponics (includes ...crop plant and aquatic species) and hydroponics (includes crop plant only) have the potential to generate high yield per unit area using limited land, water, and no soil. A soilless agricultural study was conducted at the Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA from August to November, 2015. The growth, yield, quality, and nutrition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivar Aroma 2, were compared between aquaponic and hydroponic systems using crayfish (Procambarus spp.) as the aquatic species. Non-circulating floating raft systems were designed using 95L polyethylene tanks. Equal amounts of start-up fertilizer dose were applied to both systems. The objective was to understand how the additional nutritional dynamics associated with crayfish influence the basil crop. Both fresh and dry basil plant weights were collected after harvest, followed by leaf nutrient analysis. Leaf chlorophyll content, water pH, nitrogen and temperature were measured periodically. Aquaponic basil (AqB) showed 14%, 56%, and 65% more height, fresh weight, and dry weight, respectively, compared to hydroponic basil (HyB). It is logical to assume that crayfish waste (excreta and unconsumed feed) has supplied the additional nutrients to AqB, resulting in greater growth and yield. The chlorophyll content (plant quality) or leaf nutrients, however, did not differ between AqB and HyB. Further research is needed to investigate aquaponic crayfish yield, overall nutritional dynamics, cost-benefit ratio, and other plant characteristics under soilless systems.
An aquaponic system is considered to be a sustainable food production solution that follows circular economy principles and the biomimetic natural system to reduce input and waste. It is the ...combination of two mainly productive systems, a recirculating aquaculture system consists of fish and crustaceans farmed in a tank and hydroponic cultivation consists of vegetable cultured in medium other than soil. Both these systems are well-known around the globe by their performance of production, quality, and verified food safety. An aquaponic system is an industrious mechanism which incorporates impeccably with sustainable growth of intensive agriculture. The existing literature regarding the aquaponic production covers different species of vegetables and fish, a variety of layouts of system, and climate conditions. However, there is a lack of knowledge that can systematically present the existing state-of-the-artwork in a systematic manner. So to overcome this limitation, the proposed research presents a systematic literature review in the field of urban aquaponics. This systematic literature review will help practitioners to take help from the existing literature and propose new solutions based on the available evidence in urban aquaponics.
Menurut Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Sidoarjo, pertumbuhan penduduk Sidoarjo pada tahun 2018 mencapai 2,2 juta jiwa yang artinya meningkat sebesar 1,62 persen dari tahun sebelumnya. Dari sisi ...jumlah penduduk, menempati urutan 4 se Jawa Timur setelah Surabaya, Malang, dan jember. Dengan pertumbuhan penduduk yang meningkat maka tidak menutup kemungkinan meningkatnya alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi pemukiman. Oleh karena itu, budidaya pakcoy dan lobster menggunakan sistem aquaponic dapat menjadi solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Sistem aquaponic dapat memadukan budidaya pakcoy dan lobster dalam satu wadah yang menghasilkan tumbuhan lebih baik dibanding dengan cara konvensional karena feses dan sisa pakan ikan memenuhi untuk nutrisi serta ketersediaan air. Untuk menunjang keberhasilan budidaya pakcoy dan lobster perlu memperhatikan beberapa aspek seperti intensitas air, kekeruhan air, suhu, kadar pH, dan pemberian pakan yang teratur. Jika aspek-aspek tersebut tidak diperhatikan maka lobster bisa mati dan pakcoy tidak mendapatkan nutrisi yang cukup. Oleh karena itu, teknologi yang diciptakan dengan banyak inovasi terbaru dan canggih diharapkan dapat membantu memonitoring dan mengontol alur sistem kolam.
Hilmi E, Sari LK, Cahyo NT, Mahdiana A, Soedibja PHT, Sudiana E. 2021. Survival and growth rates of mangroves planted in vertical and horizontal aquaponic systems in North Jakarta, Indonesia. ...Biodiversitas 23: 687-694. Mangrove rehabilitation is aimed to reverse mangrove deforestation and degradation. Various efforts have been conducted to rehabilitate the degraded mangroves, yet problems arise when planting mangroves in the high and permanently water-logged areas in coastline. The aquaponic system is a mangrove planting method introduced to reduce the impact of permanent and high water inundation. This research aims to analyze the survival rate of mangroves planted using vertical and horizontal aquaponic systems in Jakarta's north coast and investigate the correlation between physico-chemical environmental parameters and the survival and growth rates of the planted mangroves. The results showed that the survival rate of mangroves planted in the vertical aquaponic system reached 55.4-96.9%. On the other hand, the highest survival rate in the horizontal aquaponic system was obtained in mangrove planting at 80-100 cm from the bottom with survived plants between 70-90%. The height growth rate of mangroves planted in the aquaponic system was between 0.95-2.33 cm/month. The correlation analysis showed that soil salinity, soil pH and water salinity had a high correlation to support living trees of mangrove seedlings. Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, and Rhizophora stylosa had highest survival and adaptation in this planting system.
In this study, we assessed the effects of dietary Fe level on the growth performance, nutritional status and health condition of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio var. specularis) (12.59 ± 1.73 g), ...production and quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort) in recirculating aquaponic system for a 60-day feeding trial. Five semi-purified diets with ferrous sulfate as the iron source were used in the feeding trail, which were: T1 (53.81 mg Fe/kg); T2 (118.83 mg Fe/kg); T3 (209.24 mg Fe/kg); T4 (328.44 mg Fe/kg); T5 (498.74 mg Fe/kg). The findings indicated the following: (1) The growth results showed that compare to other groups, the weight gain of mirror carp in Group T2 was the highest, and the feed conversion ratio was the lowest (P < 0.05). (2) The body composition results showed that muscle crude fat and crude protein of the mirror carp significantly increase in the T2 group compared to the T1 group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the C20:5n-3 levels in both the T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than that of T1 group (P < 0.05). (3) Group T2 exhibited the highest liver superoxide dismutase activity, with significantly elevated catalase activity compared to the other groups (P < 0.05), and the liver malondialdehyde content in group T2 was significantly lower than the T4 and T5 groups (P < 0.05). (4) The morphological measurements of intestinal tissues in mirror carp showed that compared to Group T1 and Group T5, Group T2 exhibited the highest villus length and muscular layer thickness (P < 0.05). (5) The lowest yield of lettuce is in the T1group (3.35 kg/m2/month), and the highest yield (3.96 kg/m2/month) is in the T5 group, along with the highest chlorophyll and soluble sugar content (P < 0.05). (6) The T5 group had the highest nitrogen utilization efficiency (69.44%), while the T1 group had the lowest nitrogen utilization efficiency (58.37%). In addition, the different dietary iron levels did not adversely affect the water quality of the aquaponic systems. Based on the line regression analysis of weight gain and feed conversion ratio with feed iron content, it was found that the most suitable iron content in feed is 118.22–120.44 mg/kg, and the production and quality of lettuce will increase with the increase of feed iron content. According to the results of fish and vegetable growth, as well as nitrogen utilization efficiency, it is suggested that the dietary iron level in the feed of juvenile mirror carp utilized within aquaponic systems should ideally fall within the range of 120–200 mg/kg.
•The use of different iron levels in the aquaponic system can affect the growth of mirror carp and vegetable yield.•The suitable dietary iron level for juvenile mirror carp is 118.22–120.44 mg/kg.•The yield of vegetables in the aquaponic system increases with the increase of dietary iron level.
•Nitrogen species in aquaponic systems are transformed into various forms primarily via biochemical processes.•The major factors affecting nitrogen transformations in aquaponic systems are pH, ...dissolved oxygen, hydraulic loading rate, ammonia and nitrite concentration, and C:N ratio.•Models were developed to illustrate nitrate generations and nitrogen uptakes by plants in an aquaponic system.
In recent years, aquaponic systems have gained significant popularity as soilless agriculture systems for organic fruits and vegetables production with concomitant remediation of aquaculture effluent. Aquaponics is a potential sustainable food production system that integrates aquaculture with hydroponics in which nitrogen-rich effluent from the fish production is utilized for plant growth. Because nitrogen is one of the most important inputs in an aquaponic system, it is critical to investigate the nitrogen transformations in the system for enhanced recovery of resources. Since studies on nitrogen transformations and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) in aquaponic systems have been very limited, this review critically examines the important fates of nitrogen from input to outputs (e.g., ammonia nitrogen generation, nitrification, nitrate assimilation and nitrogen loss) to improve NUE in aquaponic systems. Various factors affecting the nitrogen transformations are also discussed. Furthermore, an example of nitrogen imbalance between nitrate uptake and nitrate generation rates in an aquaponic system was demonstrated. This review aims to advance our current understanding of nitrogen transformations and outlines future research needs in aquaponic systems, a sustainable model for efficient water and nutrient managements, and food production.
Aquaponic Monitoring System and Fish Feeding with Favoriot Mohd Noordin, Muhammad Azeem Syazwan; Saon, Sharifah; Mahamad, Abd Kadir ...
International journal of interactive mobile technologies,
06/2023, Letnik:
17, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Aquaponics is a farming practice that combines the benefits of hydroponics and aquaculture. An Internet of Things (IoT) aquaponics system is used to help collect vast amounts of ecological and ...agricultural data. An aquaponics system, including a fish tank and planting area, has been completed and set up as an experimental field. The main objectives of this project are to develop and design a monitoring system for aquaponics that can be utilised in many aspects. This project utilises Arduino, Wi-Fi shield and Android applications for monitoring purposes. A pH sensor, temperature and servo motor are used to retrieve and store the data on the Favoriot platform. The result obtained from the sensors was degree temperature, soil moisture, pH, and automatic fish feeder. The system acquires an average performance of 92.5%, considering the data receive and system functionality. In conclusion, the project can monitor the water temperature, soil moisture, pH and provide notifications through the mobile application of the aquaponic monitoring system.
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