Researchers have studied for decades workplace stress and burnout to identify their relationship to health and wellness. This research has focused on stress levels in people, as well as on ...environmental and personal factors that contribute to experiencing stress or burnout. In addition to the burnout measurement questionnaires (MBI-GS), Leiter and Maslach designed a model to evaluate the areas of work environment that relate to this construct (Areas of Worklife Scale-AWLS). The goal of the present research was to analyze the psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of the MBI (GS) and the AWLS with a Spanish-speaking population. This work makes a substantial contribution by addressing the need to use validated measures and methods when exploring the positive and negative aspects of organizations. These conditions provide a means to accurately evaluate the impact of interventions aimed to address stress and burnout.
Cross-sectional study with self-report measures. The sample was comprised of 452 managers and employees (hotels, restaurants, catering) of Aragón (Spain). There were approximately equal numbers of women and men (45,4% vs. 54,6%). The average age of participants was 36.6 years (SD = 10.03). A battery of questionnaires was used: Socio-demographic and work characteristics, Scale of stress and health symptoms, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), Areas of Worklife Scale (AWLS).
The results showed optimal psychometric properties in both questionnaires, especially in terms of the predictive capacity of the AWLS in each of the MBI-GS dimensions.
The best explained dimension is that of emotional exhaustion. The manageable load variable is the one that most contributes to predicting burnout levels. For future interventions, the results confirm the need to verify the levels of each area of work, in order to focus on the most deteriorated ones.
Purpose
This study aims to compare nurses’ authentic leadership and perceptions of the safety climate and concepts association according to different areas of work and types of hospitals.
...Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional design was used to conduct this comparative study on 314 Jordanian nurses. The Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) and the Safety Climate Survey (SCS) were used.
Findings
Nurses in private hospitals were more educated. True leadership was mild. Unit nurses had higher ALQ and subscale mean scores. Armed forces hospitals had the highest ALQ subscales, while governmental hospitals had the lowest. The ALQ mean scores favored military hospitals. Governmental hospitals have a negative safety climate. Unit nurses had a higher SCS mean than ward nurses. Military, governmental and private hospitals are rated the safest. Nurses benefited from higher SCS scores in military hospitals. Nurses’ ALQ and safety climate perceptions were moderately positive.
Research limitations/implications
A larger, randomized and equal-sized sample is recommended in future studies to conclude different areas of work and hospitals. It is also recommended to report the confidence interval in further studies using different statistical methods, increasing confidence when interpreting statistical significance variables. Other mediating, moderating and predicting variables could be studied and compared across different areas of work and types of hospitals. Sample characteristics should be handled as confounding variables in the next planned study using various ways to control confounding variables such as randomization, restriction, matching, regression and statistical control. The authors plan to statistically control for the confounding variables by entering them into the regression model. Future studies could investigate safety culture; both safety culture and safety climate are formative and inclusive terms (Experts Insight, 2017).
Practical implications
This paper fills in the gap in the literature and practice. Authentic leadership is associated with safety climate perceptions and varies across different areas of work and hospitals. Interventions are required to improve safety climate perceptions and promote authentic leadership in all settings and hospitals. Military hospitals ranked the highest in nurses’ perceptions of authentic leadership and safety climate.
Social implications
The current study’s favorable association between authentic leadership and safety climate measurement would apply to many high-risk institutions, including public and private hospitals. It becomes necessary to include the impacts of authentic leadership on the safe climate within the nursing curriculum and continuing education courses. This may be put into action by executing a hands-on activity, followed by information and reflection conversations that highlight the link between authentic leadership and safety climate measurement. According to the findings of this study, authentic leadership appears to be a basic block in making a difference in nurses’ views of safety climate.
Originality/value
Authentic leadership style is a relatively new concept in the health-care sector, and its link to safety climate security still needs empirical evidence. It is still unclear how leadership resulted in more effective outcomes (Maziero et al., 2020). Few studies investigated both the concepts of authentic leadership and the nursing safety climate (Dirik and Intepeler, 2017; Lee et al., 2019a; Woo and Han, 2018). Aside from the scarcity of studies, no study has compared “working area,” “department” or “hospital type” concepts. Few comparative studies have been conducted using concepts of interest. For example, authentic leadership was linked to empowerment and burnout (Laschinger et al., 2013) and nurses’ satisfaction with safety climates (Vatani et al., 2021). No research has examined authentic leadership in Jordan’s nursing and health-care context. Few studies focused on the safety climate other than authentic leadership (Abualrub et al., 2012) or the safety culture in Jordan rather than the safety climate (Khater et al., 2015).
Clinical staff turnover resulting from burnout is one of the most challenging issues facing the substance abuse treatment field. This article provides a succinct description of the impact of clinical ...staff turnover on organizational performance and client treatment, along with a comprehensive literature review of individual and organizational characteristics that often lead to burnout. The Job Demand-Control Model and six areas of work life are explicated to identify leverage points for organizational leaders to make the largest impact on improving work conditions and mitigate the consequences of burnout.
The study examines the career decision-making of Swiss academic high school students opting for a career in a non-traditional, gender-typed area of work during the transition to higher education. ...Based on a longitudinal study, a qualitative study with 11 female students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) and 13 male student teachers was conducted in order to analyse their perceptions of the career decision-making process. They felt supported by their parents and teachers. Women showed a strong sense of identity as future scientists without mentioning specific career goals. Men, by contrast, referred to job security-related considerations and emphasised the importance of role models for their choice. Female students emphasised their status of being 'unique in a men's world' whereas male student teachers highlighted the role of 'masculinity in the classroom'.
Purpose - This research sought to identify groups of school employees who were more similar in their responses to burnout and engagement measures, for the purpose of exploring what was similar in ...their school experiences. The profiles created in the present research enable a clearer appreciation of what is common to groups of school employees who are experiencing empowerment, ambivalence or distress in their work environments.Design methodology approach - The current research used K-means cluster analysis to identify school employees (n=953) who were most similar in regard to levels of burnout and engagement in order to achieve some sense of what was common at a group level.Findings - This process identified five distinct respondent profiles using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). Subsequent MANOVA analyses identified significant differences between cluster groups on the six areas of work-life (control, workload, reward, community, fairness and values) and hours of work.Practical implications - One of the most pressing problems faced by school administrators is that of identifying the most appropriate and strategic interventions to use with teaching staff in order to maintain motivation in the face of work pressures. The current research provides some practical insights into the experiences of school employees that may provide direction for such administrators.Originality value - By grouping respondents with similar attitudes towards their work this research has provided for more insight into the experiences to those respondents who do not fall at either end of the burnout-engagement continuum. As such it provides for more effective intervention strategies with employees who are at-risk.
In the career counseling at special schools for the intellectually disabled, the exploration of new areas of work is a relevant present-day task. The reason for this lies in the decreasing employment ...rate. The aim of this research was therefore to find ways of exploring new areas of work at special schools for the intellectually disabled, and a survey was conducted on the efforts of organized networks and effective use of available systems and programs. The survey was conducted on 250 senior high school department of special schools for the intellectually disabled, and 189 schools (75.6%) sent back their reply. The results are as follows;81.0% of the schools feel the need to explore new areas of work using organized networks, and 48.7% of the schools have such networks. Regarding the support needed by firms on the exploration of new areas of work, many schools gave personal support by job coach.
This article reports the results of a study of the availability and use of environmental statistics in Australia. It is based on an extensive survey of users. The results show that people working in ...the areas of biodiversity, mining, coastal waters and urbanisation are the most frequent users of environmental statistics, and that public servants and private consultants are particularly dependent on them. While a majority of users are reasonably satisfied with the availability and usefulness of environmental statistics, 30 per cent believe that their needs are met poorly or very poorly. More than a third of users would like to be able to consult a single on-line web site to answer their questions about the availability of environmental statistics.
This chapter contains sections titled:
Introduction
Terminology
Background
Professional Response to Teenage Partner Violence
Research Aims
Methodology
Findings on Teenage Relationships
Incidence ...Rates for Experiencing Teenage Partner Violence
Nature of Violence
Help Seeking
Factors Associated with Experiencing Teenage Partner Violence
Conclusion
Messages for Practice
References
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