•AHP applied to decision making of automotive industry supplier selection.•Use of AHP in supplier selection gives decision maker confidence of consistency.•Sensitivity analysis to check the ...robustness of the supplier selection decision.•Proposed approach divides complex decision making into simpler hierarchy.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a decision support model for supplier selection based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) using a case of automotive industry in a developing country of Pakistan and further performs sensitivity analysis to check the robustness of the supplier selection decision.
The model starts by identifying the main criteria (price, quality, delivery and service) using literature review and ranking the main criteria based on experts’ opinions using AHP. The second stage in the adopted methodology is the identification of sub criteria and ranking them on the basis of main criteria. Lastly perform sensitivity analysis to check the robustness of the decision using Expert Choiceۛ software.
The suppliers are selected and ranked based on sub criteria. Sensitivity analysis suggests the effects of changes in the main criteria on the suppliers ranking. The use of AHP in the supplier selection gives the decision maker the confidence of the consistency and the robustness throughout the process.
The AHP methodology adopted in this study provides managers in automotive industry in Pakistan with the insights of the various factors that need to be considered while selecting suppliers for their organizations. The selected approach also aids them in prioritizing the criterion. Managers can utilize the hierarchical structure of adopted supplier selection methodology suggested in this study to rank the suppliers on the basis of various factors/criteria.
This study makes three novel contributions in supplier selection area. First, AHP is applied to automotive industry and use of AHP in the supplier selection gives decision maker the confidence of the consistency. Second, sensitivity analysis enables in understanding the effects of changes in the main criteria on the suppliers ranking and help decision maker to check the robustness throughout the process. Last, we find it important to come with a simple methodology for managers of automotive industry so that they can select the best suppliers. Moreover, this approach will also help managers in dividing the complex decision making problem into simpler hierarchy.
•Link between Industry 4.0 and green supply chain management evidenced.•Power matrix for driving and linking disruptive technologies from Industry 4.0.•IoT, CPS and Blockchain are effective for ...implementation of GSC practices.
The paper evidence the link between two paradigms - Industry 4.0 and Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) following an empirical study conducted in the automotive industry.243 responses from the automotive supply chain professionals from Europe (including the UK) are used to test the developed hypotheses. An integrated, two-stage approach combining interpretive structural modelling and structural equation modelling develops a multi-level hierarchical structure for establishing the link between Industry 4.0 technologies, Green Supply Chain (GSC) practices and GSC performance.The study evidenced an indirect effect of Industry 4.0 technologies through GSC practices on GSC performance; and this link is found to be stronger than the direct effect of Industry 4.0 and GSC practices in the automotive supply chains.Future supply chains should focus on driving and linking technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Blockchain for effective implementation of GSC practices. GSC practices, mainly reverse logistics and green purchasing, are highly influenced by disruptive technologies and are critical for leading improvement in GSC performance.Identifying and linking key Industry 4.0 technologies with GSC practices will benefit organizations in making evidence-informed decisions for improved sustainability performance.
Potential Cyberattacks on Automated Vehicles Petit, Jonathan; Shladover, Steven E.
IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems,
04/2015, Letnik:
16, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Vehicle automation has been one of the fundamental applications within the field of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) since the start of ITS research in the mid-1980s. For most of this time, ...it has been generally viewed as a futuristic concept that is not close to being ready for deployment. However, recent development of "self-driving" cars and the announcement by car manufacturers of their deployment by 2020 show that this is becoming a reality. The ITS industry has already been focusing much of its attention on the concepts of "connected vehicles" (United States) or "cooperative ITS" (Europe). These concepts are based on communication of data among vehicles (V2V) and/or between vehicles and the infrastructure (V2I/I2V) to provide the information needed to implement ITS applications. The separate threads of automated vehicles and cooperative ITS have not yet been thoroughly woven together, but this will be a necessary step in the near future because the cooperative exchange of data will provide vital inputs to improve the performance and safety of the automation systems. Thus, it is important to start thinking about the cybersecurity implications of cooperative automated vehicle systems. In this paper, we investigate the potential cyberattacks specific to automated vehicles, with their special needs and vulnerabilities. We analyze the threats on autonomous automated vehicles and cooperative automated vehicles. This analysis shows the need for considerably more redundancy than many have been expecting. We also raise awareness to generate discussion about these threats at this early stage in the development of vehicle automation systems.
The vast and unstructured data on social media platforms offer insights into user-perceived quality, presenting a novel avenue for new energy vehicle companies to analyze product quality. In ...response, this study introduces a methodology that integrates dependency syntactic parsing with hierarchical clustering to derive multi-level insights on user-perceived quality. Initially, we employ dependency syntactic parsing and part-of-speech tagging to identify compound noun phrases within comments. These phrases serve as a specialized out-of-vocabulary library pertinent to the new energy vehicle sector, from which a selection of words is chosen as potential evaluation metrics. Subsequently, we utilize Word2Vec to develop word vectors from automotive forum corpora. Leveraging these word vectors and the identified evaluation metrics, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is then applied to establish a comprehensive three-level user-perceived quality indicator system. Experimental validation conducted on forum comment data from BYD’s new energy vehicles confirms the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The user-perceived quality extraction method delineated in this research aids automotive firms in pinpointing areas of user interest, thereby substantially enhancing user loyalty and satisfaction.
The automotive industry appears to be a particularly attractive application case for blockchain technology adoption. Blockchain is one of the innovations that has much potential to change current ...business processes in German original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and enable new services for their customers. This paper combines collective case study and in-depth interviews to explore the potentials and existing challenges of blockchain technology-based applications at German OEMs. The results suggest that blockchain applications have advantages in aggregating product information, securing transaction information, and establishing a reliable supply chain. Based on the TOE (technology, organisation and environment) model, our case study shows that the biggest obstacles for blockchain technology adoption in the automotive supply chain include: technology immaturity, lack of guidance and industry standards, non-cooperation of chain members, and legislative ambiguity. Based on auto manufacturers investigated, blockchain technology is perceived to have great potentials in reducing process costs, ensure product quality, and enhance the automotive supply chain's visibility and digitisation.
As the automotive industry moves toward the car of the future, technology companies are developing cutting-edge systems, in vehicle and out, that aim to make driving safer, more pleasant, and more ...convenient. While we are already seeing some successful video-based augmented reality (AR) auxiliary displays (e.g., center-mounted backup aid systems), the application opportunities of optical see-through AR as presented on a drivers' windshield are yet to be fully tapped; nor are the visual perceptual and attention challenges fully understood. As we race to field AR applications in transportation, we should first consider the perceptual and distraction issues that are known in both the AR and transportation communities, with a focus on the unique and intersecting aspects for driving applications. This paper describes the some opportunities and driver challenges associated with AR applications in the automotive domain. We first present a basic research space to assist in these inquiries, which delineates head-mounted from heads-up and center-mounted displays; video from optical see-through displays; and world-fixed from screen-fixed AR graphics. We then address benefits of AR related to primary, secondary, and tertiary driver tasks as well as driver perception and cognition challenges inherent in automotive AR systems.
One of the key targets of the upcoming 5G system is to build a mobile network architecture that supports not only classical mobile broadband applications (i.e., Internet and IMS), but also vertical ...industry services, such as those of automotive systems, e-health, public safety, and smart grid. Vertical industry is known to have specific needs that cannot be sustained by the current cellular networks. More notably, automotive systems require strict quality of service in terms of ultrashort latency for vehicle-to-infrastructure/network (V2I/N) communications. In this paper, we introduce the Follow Me edge-Cloud (FMeC) concept, leveraging the mobile edge computing (MEC) architecture to sustain requirements of the 5G automotive systems. Assuming that automotive services are deployed on MEC entities, FMeC ensures low-latency access to these services by guaranteeing that vehicles (i.e., as well as user equipment on board vehicles) always connect to nearest automotive service. Besides the FMeC architecture, our contribution in this paper consists in presenting a projection of the FMeC solution on an automated driving use case that integrates automotive and Telco infrastructures, to realize the vision of future 5G automotive systems. We introduce the envisioned software defined networking/OpenFlow-based architecture and our mobility-aware framework based on a set of building blocks that permit achieving the automated driving requirements within 5G network. The evaluation results, obtained conjointly through theoretical analysis and computer simulation, show that our proposed solution outperforms baseline approaches in meeting the automated driving latency requirement and minimizing the incurred global cost.
Automotive companies must consider strategic initiatives to compete and respond to dynamic customer demand. In this regard, flexible manufacturing is a strategy that is used in the productivity, ...quality of the final product and vulnerabilities caused by unexpected changes in the volume and mix of orders in the automotive industry. The current research aimed to identify and analyze the influenceability and Permeability factors affecting flexible manufacturing in Iran's automobile industry. This research is applied in terms of purpose and terms of research typology. It is among mixed research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The statistical population of this research was the professors and experts of industrial management, business management and industrial engineering in the qualitative section, and according to the purpose of the research, sampling in this research was done in a targeted manner using the snowball technique and in the number of 26 people. The statistical population of this research was quantitatively senior and middle managers of Saipa group companies, who participated in this research using the convenience sampling method. In the qualitative part, the data obtained from the interviews using thematic analysis and MAXQDA2020 software led to the extraction of 11 factors affecting flexible manufacturing, and the analysis of the quantitative part was performed using the Dematel method. Based on Dematel analysis, the make-smart of lines, process re-engineering, and technological infrastructure significantly influence other factors. Professionalization of human capital, automation and technological platforms are also more permeability than other factors.
Automotive industries have attracted attention from international sectors recently. This attention to the industry results in many innovative technologies being integrated in these manufacturing ...arenas. In developing countries such as the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) countries, especially China who is a global leader in automotive sales and production, researchers see substantial attempts to increase economic and societal values in automotive sectors through the use of many sustainable strategies. Among these sustainable strategies, remanufacturing has witnessed much debate in recent years. In China, automotive parts remanufacturing is still in a nascent stage, but the country is striving hard to implement a strategy in industries to result in cleaner production. Additionally, remanufacturing yields high financial, societal, and environmental returns, and it provides advantages such as reducing costs (compared to virgin products), an increase in jobs, and the conservation of scare resources. Some earlier studies examined Chinese remanufacturing issues but they only focused on modeling concepts, without considering significant barriers. To bridge this gap, this paper analyzes internal barriers met by automotive parts remanufacturers and evaluates causal barriers by a proposed model framework. This objective is illustrated by employing the Grey Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach. By virtue of these findings, remanufacturers can eradicate major internal barriers and can increase the chances of practicing more productive remanufacturing in the Chinese automotive environments. This study extends the scope of this problem through varied applications of different techniques such as a fuzzy approach, matrix laboratory, and operations research tools by diversifying and including additional barriers.
Automotive industry faces new challenges every day, new design trends and technological deployments from research push companies to develop new models and facelifts in short term, requiring new tools ...or tool reshaping. Concerning the current world economic scenario, decreasing time for tooling up becomes as important as decreasing time-to-market. Such scenario opens up the horizons for new manufacturing approaches like additive manufacturing, in this case, applied for tooling up a stamping process on the automotive industry for the production of body panels. This approach enables the manufacturing of stamping inserts using similar high performance alloy steel as in conventional tooling, therefore, without losing tool mechanical properties. The stamping tools produced were tested by an automotive company in order to determine tool behaviour under real operating conditions, considering the high level demands of the stamping process. The results obtained enabled to conclude that metal additive manufacturing provided tools for the stamping process with excellent performance with a significant decrease on time-to-tooling.
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