Nanoparticles (NPs) are gaining extraordinary interest in modulating drought stress by improving plant productivity. Although most studies have focused on metal NPs, the impact of chitosan (CS) NPs ...on alleviating drought stress has not been documented yet. Therefore, the present study was carried out to discover CS-NPs on plant growth, biochemical attributes, and fatty acid (FA) profile of common bean (
Phaseolus vulgaris
L.) under drought stress. Two common bean cultivars (Dorsa and Shekofa) were exposed to drought stress and foliar sprayed with CS-NPs (50 and 100 ppm) during 2019 and 2020. The results showed significant decreases in plant yield of two cultivars, as evidence the declines in biological yield (23%), seed yield (39%), stomatal conductance (18%), relative water content (RWC, 18%), and photosynthesis index (SPAD, 14%) in Dorsa cultivar under drought stress. However, more accumulation of total soluble sugar (TSS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline was measured when plants were exposed to drought stress. Foliar-applied CS-NPS, especially at 100 ppm modulated drought stress in the two cultivars. For Dorsa under drought stress, CS-NPS at 100 ppm enhanced seed yield (44%), biological yield (13%), RWC (12%), and SPAD (12%), but lowered TSS (20%) and MDA (12%) compared to the non-CS application. Additionally, drought increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) but decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The heat map showed that proline, stearic acid, and palmitic acid were less affected by drought and CS-NPs, whereas biological yield, seed yield, and TSS were more affected by the treatments. According to this research, CS-NPs at 50 and 100 ppm can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress on common bean plants by enhancing their physio-biochemical characteristics.
In recent years, studies have shown that seaweed applications could prevent post-harvest berry drops in grapes and allow improvements in cluster and berry quality characteristics. This study was ...conducted on ‘Tarsus Beyazı’ grape cultivar, which was grown on its own root and goblet-trained, in the Tarsus district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Although ‘Tarsus Beyazı’ is an early and well-known cultivar, it does not attract much attention due to its genetic susceptibility to berry drop; however, it is an important grape genetic source. In this study, foliar spraying of seaweed (
Ascophyllum nodosum
L. Le Jolis) was applied to the vines of ‘Tarsus Beyazı’. After the application, the force to separate the berries from the stalk, berry weight (g), berry width (mm), berry length (mm), cluster width (cm), cluster length (cm), cluster weight (g), titratable acidity (%,TA), total soluble solids (%,TSS), and pH, as well as leaf and berry mineral content, were determined. Based on our results, it was determined that seaweed application had positive effects on the cluster characteristics rather than the berry properties of the ‘Tarsus Beyazı’. The difference between application and control grapevines was found to be significant for cluster width and weight. As compared to the control grapevines (11.16 cm), clusters were approximately 9.86% wider in the application grapevines (12.26 cm), and the difference in cluster weight was about 37 g between the mean value of the application (297.40 g) and the control (260.23 g) grapevines. To sum up, the use of seaweeds in ‘Tarsus Beyazı’ has made it possible to improve grapevine productivity and enhance berry quality, mostly in terms of cluster characteristics.
The current conditions for the intensification of animal husbandry dictate a significant increase in the physiological and functional load on the body of productive animals, resulting in a failure of ...adaptive capacity, which manifest themselves in the violation of reproduction function and the development of pathological states. Research by domestic and foreign scientists has shown that stress plays a leading role in the etiology and pathogenesis of diseases leading to a reduction in animal reproduction 3, 4, 9. Although the topic of stress is often covered in the scientific literature, some of its features are not fully explored. This is particularly true for male producers whose genetic material has a direct impact on livestock productivity and livestock production 1, 3, 4, 11. Therefore, the study of the influence of stress factors on the reproductive capacity of males and their pharmaco-rectification is relevant. The aim of our research was to assess the degree of influence of technological stress factors on the reproduction function of the bull producers and to develop a pharmaco-correction scheme to prevent stress effects on sperm quality. In relation to the objective, the following objectives were proposed:
1. Study the reaction of the ox producers to the effects of technological stress;
2. Determine the influence of drugs Amber biostimulator, Azoxyvet on the quality of bull sperm.
Despite the eco-political difficulties that accompany the application of principles of the European Green Deal policy on agriculture in the current world crisis, the need of their implementation ...seems to be absolutely necessary. The practices recommended within the sustainable agriculture strategy include replacing traditional fertilizers and pesticides with eco-friendly preparations and optimizing the management of biomass produced on farms. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of eco-friendly preparations application combined with straw incorporation on the chemical and microbiological soil parameters and plant sanitary status of winter wheat. The soil analyses included the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content; mineral nitrogen (MN), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) content, and the pH value. The number of soil bacteria (B), actinobacteria (A), fungi (F), and the total number of microorganisms (TNM) were also analyzed. The application of Effective Microorganisms resulted in an increase in TOC and TN concentration. The influence of biostimulator Asahi was diversified. The beneficial effect of straw on TOC, TN, and K content and microbial growth was also observed. Despite a number of limitations, the potential benefits of application of eco-friendly preparations provide ample reasons to continue experiments with their use.
Poly‐L‐lactic acid is presented as freeze‐dried preparation of 150 mg per vial and, according to consensus, the recommendation on your preparation is hydrate in sterile water for injection (SWFI) or ...bacteriostatic water at room temperature for ≥24 hours. (J Drugs Dermatol; 2014;13:s44) However, in these long periods of hydration, it is time‐consuming and costly for the physicians. To demonstrate the safeness of immediate reconstitution of facial biostimulation treatment with PLLA. A clinical prospective study with 26 Latin American female patients, aged between 27 and 80 years, complaining of facial laxity of treated with immediate PLLA reconstitution. One PLLA vial was injected per session in 12 mL total dilution. All patients had their pictures taken before and after the treatment in Photo Analysis Program Vectra 3D (Canfield®). A follow‐up 90 days was performed. The total of 58 facial applications of PLLA was reported in female patients with a mean age 52.62 (±13.46) years. Pain was reported in 17 injections (29.31%) and ecchymosis in 6 (10.34%). Also, 2 patients (3.44%) developed a nodule. None of the patients presented significant bruising, edema, or papules formation. Despite the literature declare that a longer hydration times (up to 48 hours) have been shown to reduce the risk of nodule formation (Aesthet Surg J; 2011;31:95), our study demonstrated the safeness of injection with immediate reconstitution and a very low adverse events rate. Immediate PLLA reconstitution is a great asset for physicians, injections in account of being less laborious, less time‐consuming, and reducing product loss for the injector.
Silybum marianum is a medicinal plant that produces silybins A and B, which exhibit liver-protective activities. The He–Ne laser pre-sowing seed treatment has been used as a physical biostimulator in ...numerous plants to promote seed germination, plant growth, and secondary metabolite production. Thus, in this study, a He–Ne laser at 632.8 nm was used to irradiate S. marianum seeds with the aim of promoting plant growth as well as enhancing the production of silybin (A + B). The seeds were irradiated with a He–Ne laser for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min. The growth attributes of the plants, as well as the silybin (A + B) content and bioactivities of fruit extracts from various treatment groups, were compared. The results indicated that all laser seed treatments resulted in a subsequent increase in plant growth, with the highest yield observed in the 10 min laser treatment. An increase in fruit silybin (A + B) content and in chalcone synthase gene expressions were observed in plants from the 6-, 8-, and 10-min laser-irradiated seeds. The highest silybin (A + B) contents were observed in plants from the 6-min-irradiated seeds. Furthermore, the corresponding fruit extract also exhibited elevated cell growth inhibition in the Dictyostelium discoideum cell model.
The use of environmentally safe products of natural origin is a global trend today. A particular point of interest is the use of humic fertilizers. This is due to the growing awareness of the ...positive impact of humic substances on plant growth and development as well as on the quality of agricultural products and soil fertility. Humates are physiologically active substances. As a result, they regulate and intensify metabolic processes in plants and soil, and contribute to the bioavailability of nutrients to plants. EldORost is a new-generation humic product that contains humic substances with a high humification degree. In addition to humates, this product contains a complex of amino acids, macro-, and microelements in a bioavailable form for plants. The product is eco-friendly and completely soluble in water, which is a substantial advantage for drip irrigation systems. It can be used for all types of agricultural crops on a wide diversity of soils and climatic zones. It displays the properties of plant hormones while its optimum concentration is as low as 0.0001% (wt). The efficiency of this novel humic product was tested in laboratory and field tests conducted on potatoes and vegetable crops (tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, carrots, onions, beets). The obtained results showed high efficiency displayed in the significantly improved sowing quality of vegetable seeds, nominally increased the germination degree and seed germination energy, intensively stimulated the side root development in plants, accelerated the growth of biomass, increased the fruiting period, and reduced maturation on the yield of potatoes and vegetable crops. The obtained data allowed us to characterize this novel humic product from the perspective of an eco-friendly fertilizer and growth promoter.
The animal hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a pleiotropic molecule with multiple and various functions. Phytomelatonin is the melatonin from plants and was discovered in 1995 in ...some species. Phytomelatonin is considered an interesting molecule in the physiology of plants, as it seems to be involved in many actions, such as germination, growth, rooting and parthenocarpy, including fruit set and ripening; it also seems to play a role during postharvest. It has been studied in processes such as primary and secondary metabolism, photosynthesis and senescence, as well as in the nitrogen and sulfur cycles. Phytomelatonin up- and down-regulates many relevant genes related to plant hormones and key genes related to the above-mentioned aspects. One of the most decisive aspects of phytomelatonin is its relevant role as a bioprotective and alleviating agent against both biotic and abiotic stressors, which has opened up the possibility of using melatonin as a phytoprotector and biostimulant in agriculture. In this respect, using material of plant origin to obtain extracts rich in phytomelatonin instead of using synthetic melatonin (thus avoiding unwanted by-products) has become a topic of discussion. This work characterized the phytomelatonin-rich extracts obtained from selected herbs and determined their contents of phytomelatonin, phenols and flavonoids; the antioxidant activity was also measured. Finally, two melatonin-specific bioassays in plants were applied to demonstrate the excellent biological properties of the natural phytomelatonin-rich extracts obtained. The herb composition and the protocols for obtaining the extracts rich in phytomelatonin are in the process of registration for their legal protection.
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