In this study,
Earliella scabrosa
naturally available medicinal fungus has been introduced for the removal of Bromocresol green from aqueous solution. This fungus can also be grown in suitable ...environmental conditions and growth medium. Structural properties of this fungus were characterized by different analytical methods. Evaluation of equilibrium studies as a function of pH, dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time for the uptake capacity of the biosorbent was performed. The well-known Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to study the adsorption isotherm. The Langmuir uptake capacity was calculated to be 103.09 mg/g for
E. scabrosa
. Kinetic procedure revealed the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order model and intraparticle diffusion. The performance of
E. scabrosa
fungus with multiple medicinal benefits was appreciable in comparison with the recently reported
Ziziphus nummularia
(6.21 mg/g) and cadmium hydroxide nanowires loaded on activated carbon which reported a close value of 108.7 mg/g.
Graphical abstract
Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade is an index of liver function based on total bilirubin (T-BIL) and albumin levels, and its usefulness has been widely reported. This study aimed to investigate the ...effect of different methods of measuring T-BIL and albumin levels on the ALBI grade in patients with liver disease.
In total, 170 patients from our hospital were included in this study. Correlations between T-BIL levels measured using the vanadate oxidation and enzymatic methods were analysed. Similarly, a correlation analysis of albumin levels between the bromocresol green (BCG) and modified bromocresol purple (BCP) methods was performed. Additionally, the ALBI grade was calculated for patients with liver disease, and the differences between each method of albumin measurement were compared.
No differences were observed in the measured T-BIL values between the two methods. Contrastingly, the albumin levels of 100 random samples and 70 liver disease patients obtained using the modified BCP method were significantly lower than those measured using the BCG method. The rate of change in the modified ALBI grade between the BCG and BCP methods was 25.7%.
Caution should be taken when comparing ALBI grades with those measured by other facilities because the method of albumin measurement can affect the ALBI grade. Standardization of albumin measurement is needed worldwide.
Serum albumin determination is an important biochemical investigation in clinical laboratories. Photometric methods using albumin binding to organic dyes – bromocresol green (BCG) or bromocresol ...purple (BCP) – are most commonly used. These determinations are quick, simple, and inexpensive. They are, however, associated with a number of problems. Discussions on the methodological unification and use of BCP are ongoing in human laboratory medicine. The reaction of human albumin with this dye is more specific. On the other hand, its affinity for animal albumin is significantly lower, for which reason BCG is used in veterinary medicine. However, due to the lower reaction specificity of this dye, the results are slightly overestimated as the dye reacts to a lesser extent with alpha and beta globulins. This disadvantage can be largely eliminated by reducing the incubation time to about 30 s. Another problem is the method calibration. Some laboratories use species-specific albumin as calibrators, but this is technically challenging for a laboratory that analyzes albumin of many species. We therefore recommend using a commercially available calibrator that is traceable to the European Reference Material for Specific Proteins. We consider these following principles – using BCG, shortening the incubation time to 30 s and using the mentioned calibrator – as a basic condition to obtain clinically correct and inter-laboratory comparable results.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are attracting great attention for their use in various applications, along with methods for their green and facile production. In this study, we present a new ...eco-friendly approach based on the use of
extract (EBE) in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), which are then applied as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the efficient removal of water-based reactive dyes such as bromocresol green (BCG) and bromophenol blue (BPB). The as-prepared Ag-NPs are quasi-spherical in shape, with an average diameter of 20-34 nm. Diverse characterization methods, including X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, were used to analyze these Ag-NPs. The results reveal that water-soluble biomolecules in the
extract play an important role in the formation of the Ag-NPs. The removal of toxic dyes was studied under varied operational parameters such as Ag-NP dosage, initial dye concentration, pH, stirring time, and temperature. Under the optimum investigated conditions, nearly 99.12% and 97.25% of the bromocresol green and bromophenol blue dyes, respectively, were removed. Both BCG and BPB adsorption were found to adhere to pseudo-second-order kinetics (r
= 1 and 0.995) and fit the Langmuir isotherm models well (R
= 0.998 and 0.994), with maximal monolayer adsorption capacities of 20.40 and 41.03 mg/g, respectively. Their adsorption processes were observed to be intrinsically endothermic. The results confirm the potential of the
extract as a low-cost, nontoxic, and eco-friendly natural resource for the synthesis of Ag-NPs that may be useful in the remediation of hazardous dye-contaminated water sources.
The present work aimed for the development of a low-cost, naked eye assay indicating the presence of date-rape drug (DRD) in the alcoholic beverages. A microfluidic paper-based analytical device ...(μPAD) was used as the platform to prepare this sensor. Bromocresol green (BCG; 0.04% and 5%) was used as the indicator for the colorimetric assay of DRD,.i.e., ketamine. The developed paper based strip was coated with BCG and further ketamine solution. The complexation between dye and drug lead to the change in color of the strip. The color also varied upon change in the concentration of ketamine (0.1 M, 0.01 M, 0.001 M) in the solution which forms the basis of the detection. The color change of BCG at 0.04% was not much detectable, therefore, 5% BCG concentration was chosen for development of the colorimetric sensor. The device was linked with a smart phone app which depicts the change in color and displays whether the beverage is safe or unsafe for drinking. In addition, the app sends message to selected number, if the person is in danger.
•Low-cost, naked eye assay.•Paper based microfluidic analytical device.•Colorimetric approach.•Detection of date rape drugs.•Smart phone App based detection of date rape drugs.
A sensitive voltammetric sensor based on palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) and poly-bromocresol green (pBG) composite layer immobilized on amide functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (AmSWCNTs) ...modified pyrolytic graphite (PdNPs:pBG/AmSWCNTs/PG) has been prepared for the simultaneous determination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) catabolites, inosine (INO), hypoxanthine (HX), xanthine (XT), and uric acid (UA). The modified PdNPs:pBG/AmSWCNTs/PG was characterized by electrochemical experiments and surface analysis, which exhibited exceptional electrocatalytic effects towards the oxidation of INO, HX, XT, and UA with a significant enhanced peak current and well resolved peaks separation for all the analytes. The linear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 0.001–175 µM, 0.001–200 µM, 0.001–150 µM, and 0.001–200 µM and limits of detection were found as 0.95 nM, 1.04 nM, 1.07 nM, and 0.43 nM corresponding to INO, HX, XT, and UA, respectively. The common metabolites present in the biological fluids did not interfere in the determination. The applicability of the proposed sensor was successfully demonstrated by determining INO, HX, XT, and UA in the human plasma and urine and the obtained results were validated by using HPLC.
•A voltammetric sensor was fabricated for the simultaneous detection of ATP metabolites without any separation technique.•The AmSWCNTs combined with PdNPs and pBG improved the mechanical and electrochemical performance.•The developed sensor was successfully applied to the human urine and plasma samples.
Display omitted
► These new adsorbents successfully were applied for the enrichment of BCG. ► Method applied for removal of BCG in wastes with good affected parameters. ► In this regard, it is ...superior to the literature in terms of characteristic performance.
In the present research, cadmium hydroxide nanowire loaded on activated carbon (Cd(OH)
2-NW-AC) was synthesized and characterized. This new adsorbent was applied for the removal of Bromocresol Green (BCG) molecules from aqueous solutions. The influence of effective variables such as solution pH, contact time, initial BCG concentration, amount of Cd(OH)
2-NW-AC and temperature on the adsorption efficiency of BCG in batch system was examined. During all experiments BCG contents were determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Fitting the experimental data to different kinetic models including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models show the suitability of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model to interpret in the experimental data. Equilibrium isotherm studies were examined by application of different conventional models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin models to explain the experimental data. Based on considering
R
2 value as criterion the adsorption data well fitted to Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity of 108.7
mg
g
−1. Thermodynamic parameters (Gibb's free energy, entropy and enthalpy) of adsorption were calculated according to general procedure to take some information about the on-going adsorption process. The high negative value of Gibb's free energy and positive value of enthalpy show the feasibility and endothermic nature of adsorption process.
The chemical composition of rainwater can serve as an indicator of the excess of acidifying air pollutants. The pH value of rainwater in the presence of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the ...precursors of acid rain, falls below pH 5.6, which is the limit value for acid rain. In this research, the tailoring of halochromic textile was examined for the design of a functional textile that can serve as a sensor and inform the wearer about the presence of pollutants in the air by means of an immediate colour change. For this purpose, a polyamide 6 fabric was dyed with the pH-sensitive Bromocresol green dye, which causes a colour change below pH 3.6 (yellow) and above pH 5.4 (blue). In addition, the dyed polyamide 6 fabric was treated with a water and oil repellent finish. Colour and colour change before and after immersion of unfinished and finished dyed samples in buffer solutions with different pH values were evaluated spectrophotometrically using the CIELAB colour space. The colour fastness to rubbing, washing, and light, and the water and oil repellency of the dyed fabrics were determined according to valid SIST EN ISO standards. The results showed that the unfinished dyed polyamide 6 fabric undergoes a reversible colour change faster and more clearly than the finished dyed polyamide 6 fabric. The dyed polyamide 6 fabric had good colour fastness to rubbing and domestic and commercial laundering, while the colour fastness to light was poor. In addition, the dyed polyamide 6 fabric was pH-sensitive, despite dye degradation under xenon light, regardless of whether it was finished.
This study presents a novel approach to address synthetic dye pollution in wastewater by introducing a novel ZnO/CuO/Cu
2
MgO
3
nanocomposite (NC) synthesized using a green method involving
Common ...Rue
plant extract. Through a series of meticulous experimental procedures, the synthesized materials exhibited remarkable properties. The ZnO/CuO/Cu
2
MgO
3
NC exhibits a moderate band gap energy of 1.5 eV, confirming its semiconductor nature. XRD analysis revealed crystallite sizes of 29 nm. FTIR analysis provided insights into chemical compositions. SEM reveals well-defined, spherical nanocomposite particles. The research aims to investigate the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of this nanocomposite, with a focus on removing Bromocresol Green (BCG), a recalcitrant synthetic dye in wastewater. Photocatalytic degradation experiments demonstrate an impressive 99.66% BCG removal efficiency through adsorption within 75 min of solar irradiation with a rate constant of 0.091 min
−1
. The nanocomposites exhibited excellent recyclability, maintaining their photocatalytic activity over five consecutive cycles. This study introduces an eco-friendly nanocomposite and synthesis approach, offering a rapid and efficient solution for BCG degradation and addressing the challenges posed by synthetic dye pollutants in wastewater.
The development of pH-responsive textile sensors has attracted much interest in recent decades. Therefore, the aim of this study was to show that screen printing could be one of the possible ...techniques for development of pH-responsive textile. Several parameters that could influence the pH sensitivity and responsivity of a screen-printed textile with bromocresol green dye were studied, such as textile substrate (cotton, polyamide), printing paste composition, and type of fixation (heat and steaming). The change in mechanical and physical properties of the printed fabrics was tested according to the valid ISO, EN, or ASTM standards. The responsiveness of the printed samples to different pH values with the change in colour was evaluated spectrophotometrically. In addition, the colour fastness of the printed textiles to rubbing, washing, and light was also investigated. The results show that the textile responsiveness to pH change was successfully developed by flat screen-printing technique, which proves that the printing process could be one of the methods for the application of indicator dye to textiles. The application of the printing paste to cotton and polyamide fabrics resulted in an expected change in the mechanical and physical properties of the fabrics studied. The responsiveness of printed fabrics to the change of pH value depends on the type of fibres, the strength of dye-fibre interactions, and the wettability of the fabric with buffer solutions. The colour fastness of the printed fabrics to dry and wet rubbing is excellent. Printed polyamide fabric is more resistant to washing than printed cotton fabric. Both printed fabrics have poor colour fastness to light.
PDF
