The study investigates the impact of operating parameters such as temperature (90, 100, 110, 120 °C), airflow rate (10, 15, 20 L h−1), and sample weight (3, 6, 9 g) on the oxidative stability of ...cold‐pressed camelina and hemp seed oils using the Rancimat apparatus. Conducted analysis indicates a significant influence of temperature on oils' induction time. Moreover, higher airflows should be selected at high analysis temperatures. Based on the calculated parameters of the oxidation kinetics, it was shown that hemp oil has higher activation energy values than camelina oil. Response surface methodology (RSM) indicates that to minimize the determination time of camelina oil oxidation, the following analysis conditions should be selected: sample weight (SW) = 33.5 g, airflow (AF) = 20 L h−1, and temperature (T) = 120 °C. However, for hemp oil, these parameters should be SW = 5.56 g, AF = 15 L h−1, T = 120 °C. Sample mass does not significantly impact oils induction time, which depends mainly on the temperature and airflow.
Practical applications: The conducted research shows that the parameters of the cold‐pressed camelina and hemp oils oxidative stability have to be determined experimentally. The determined parameters for assessing the oxidative stability will reduce the analysis time and the possibility of interpolating the obtained result at different temperatures and analysis parameters.
In the study, camelina and hemp seed oil oxidative stability is analyzed using different parameters of the Rancimat apparatus. The results are used to carry out the response surface methodology and to determine the appropriate conditions for the oxidation of oils.
Bacterial infection wounds are common in life. At present, although various wound materials have shown antibacterial activity, there is a lack of overall strategy to promote wound healing. Therefore, ...it is necessary to develop multifunctional wound materials. In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) modified camelina oil bodies (OB) which surface covalently bonded human fibroblast growth factor 2 (Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB) were designed for the treatment of bacterial infection wounds. The prepared Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB not only act as an antibacterial agent to realize sterilization, but also act as a tissue repair agent that effectively promotes wound healing. Ag+ was reduced in situ to Ag NPs by ascorbic acid, and the activity of hFGF2 protein was not affected after hFGF2-OB was modified by Ag NPs, which displaying broad apectrum antibacterial ability for both S. aureus and E. coli, with an antibacterial rate of more than 70 % (the concentration of Ag NPs was 20 μg/mL, the hFGF2 protein concentration was 20 µg/mL). Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB can effectively promote the migration of NIH/3T3 cells, showing good biocompatibility. The mouse bacterial infection wound model experiments proved that the wound healing rate of Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB group (the concentration of Ag NPs was 20 μg/mL, the hFGF2 protein concentration was 20 µg/mL) was much higher than other treatment groups, especially on the 7th day after treatment, the wound healing rate reached 71.71 ± 2.38 %, while the healing rate of other treatment groups were only 34.54 ± 1.10 %, 37.08 ± 2.85 % and 47.99 ± 2.01 %. Therefore, Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB, which can inhibit bacterial growth, promotes collagen deposition, granulation tissue regeneration and angiogenesis without any significant toxicity, shows good potential for application in the repair of bacterial infection wounds.
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•Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB was successfully fabricated and showed good stability.•Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB showed significant antibacterial activity on E.coli and S.aureus.•AgNPs-hFGF2-OB efficiently promoted fibroblasts migration with good cytocompatibility.•Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB inhibited the growth of bacteria and accelerated the wound healing.•Ag NPs-hFGF2-OB had no obvious toxicity.
•Feeding camelina oil for 16 weeks does not impact health parameters in horses.•Blood parameters and BW are similar for horses fed camelina, flax, and canola oil.•Feeding camelina or flax oil ...decreases the n-6:n-3 ratio in equine plasma.•Plasma total lipid profile reflects the fatty acid profile of the oil provided.•Camelina oil can be used as a sustainable, alternative oil supplement for horses.
Camelina (Camelina sativa) is a hardy, low-input oilseed crop that provides a rich source of the n-3 fatty acid, α-linolenic acid (ALA). The primary purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of dietary camelina oil (CAM) consumption on various health parameters, as compared to horses fed canola oil (OLA) or flax oil (FLX). Secondly, to determine how dietary CAM, FLX, and OLA alter circulating plasma total lipids across time. Thirty horses, from three separate herds, were used for this study 14.9 years ± 5.3 years; 544 ± 66 kg calculated BW (mean ± SD). After a 4-week gradual acclimation period using sunflower oil mixed with soaked hay cubes, horses were balanced by location, age, sex, weight, and breed and randomly allocated to one of three treatment oils (CAM, OLA, or FLX) at an inclusion of 370 mg of oil/kg BW/day. Horses had ad libitum access to hay and/or pasture for the duration of the study. Body condition score (BCS), BW, oil intake, complete blood counts, plasma biochemical profiles, and plasma total lipids were measured on weeks 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 throughout the 16-week treatment period. BW, BCS, and oil intake were analyzed using an ANOVA using PROC GLIMMIX in SAS Studio. Complete blood counts and biochemical profiles were analyzed using an ANCOVA, and fatty acids were analyzed using an ANOVA in PROC MIXED in SAS Studio. No differences were observed among treatment groups for BW, BCS, oil intake, complete blood counts, and biochemical parameters. Individual fatty acids that differed among treatments and/or across time were largely reflective of the different FA profiles of the oils provided. Most notably, plasma ALA was greater for FLX than OLA, but neither differed from CAM (P = 0.01). Linoleic acid did not differ among treatments or over time (P > 0.05). The n-6:n-3 ratio decreased over time for both CAM and FLX, and ratios were lower for FLX than OLA at week 16, but not different from CAM (P = 0.02). These results suggest that dietary CAM had no adverse effects on health parameters and that daily supplementation of CAM and FLX at 370 mg of oil/kg BW/day induces positive changes (a decrease) in the n-6:n-3 status of the horse. Consequently, CAM may be considered as an alternative oil to FLX in equine diets.
•Improved features of Novozym 435 by trinitrobenzensulfonic acid modification.•Novozym 435 derivatization by trinitrobenzensulfonic acid favors oil alcoholysis.•Chemical modification of Novozym 435 ...improves its mecanical resistance.•TNBS derivatization of Novozym 435 reduces product precipitation in oil alcoholysis.
Industrial use of Novozym 435 in synthesis of structured lipids and biodiesel via alcoholysis is limited by mass transfer effects of the glycerides through immobilized enzymes and its low operational stability under operation conditions. To better understand this, differently modified Novozym 435 preparations, differing in their surface nature and in their interactions with reactants, have been compared in the alcoholysis of Camelina sativa oil. The three modifications performed have been carried out under conditions where all exposed groups of the enzyme have been modified. These modifications were: 2,4,6-trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (Novo-TNBS), ethylendiamine (Novo-EDA) and polyethylenimine (Novo-PEI). Changes in their operational performance are analyzed in terms of changes detected by scan electron microscopy in the support morphology.
The hydrophobic nature of the TNBS accelerates the reaction rate; t-ButOH co-solvent swells the macroporous acrylic particles of Lewatit VP OC 1600 in all biocatalysts, except in the case of Novo-PEI. This co-solvent only increases the maximal conversions obtained at 24h using the modified biocatalysts. t-ButOH reduces enzyme inactivation by alcohol and water. In a co-solvent system, these four biocatalysts remain fully active after 14 consecutive reaction cycles of 24h, but only Novo-TNBS yields maximal conversion before cycle 5. Some deposits on biocatalyst particles could be appreciated during reuses, and TNBS derivatization diminishes the accumulation of product deposits on the catalyst surface. Most particles of commercial Novozym® 435 are broken after operation for 14 reaction cycles. The broken particles are fully active, but they cause problems of blockage in filtration operations and column reactors. The three derivatizations studied make the matrix particles more resistant to rupture.
Background and objective: Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biodegradable polyesters synthesized by some prokaryotic organisms from renewable sources. Medium-chain-length Polyhydroxyalkanoates show ...interesting properties as elastic and adhesive specialty polymers. Medium-chain-length Polyhydroxyalkanoates producers such as Pseudomonas sp. have demonstrated high yields on fats and oils. Camelina sativa is non-food chain competing crop, whose seed contain about 43% (w w-1) oil in dry matter with about 90% (w w-1) of unsaturated fatty acids. Camelina oil was for the first time tested for the production of medium-chainlength Polyhydroxyalkanoates by different Pseudomonas strains. Material and methods: The production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate was evaluated in a nitrogen-limited minimal medium supplemented with crude Camelina oil or saponified oil to compare the production capability of Pseudomonas sp. strains. A phosphates-limited medium was used to optimize polyhydroxyalkanoate production in fed-batch assays. Experiments were carried out by duplicates. Results and conclusion: Pseudomonas resinovorans was used for direct fermentation of Camelina oil without prior hydrolysis. A first approach to process development in bioreactor has provided up to 40% (w w-1) polymer content, matching highest medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates titer reported from plant oils (13.2 g l-1). Camelina oil was shown to be a suitable substrate for production of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates. This non-food vegetable oil gave good results for Pseudomonas resinovorans DSM 21078 without any pre-treatment. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
The seafood industry produces over 100 million pounds of seashell waste every year. With landfill space diminishing quickly, ways to recycle waste materials are becoming more sought for. Herein, we ...utilized waste mussel, clam and oyster shells as heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of Camelina sativa oil as a feedstock into biodiesel. Camelina sativa oil provides a reliable solution for biodiesel production because it has high tolerance of cold weather, drought, low-fertility soils and contains approximately 40% oil content. The catalysts from waste seashells were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. High biodiesel yields were achieved at a 12:1 (alcohol:oil) molar ratio with 1 wt.% waste seashell catalysts in 2 h at 65°C. Biodiesel was analyzed by
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H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy and the fuel properties of the biodiesel produced from Camelina sativa oil and waste seashells were compared with American Society for Testing and Materials standards.
•Camelina (C. Sativa) is a low-input and stress-tolerant non-food oilseed feedstock.•Acrylic polyol containing both acrylate and hydroxyl functionalities were derived from camelina oil.•Acrylate ...functionality provided polymerization site and hydroxyl accelerated polar bonding when used as PSA.•The biobased PSA exhibited good shear, peel and tack performances.
Camelina (Cannabis sativa) is an emerging low-input and stress-tolerant non-food oilseed feedstock in the USA. The seed contains 36–47% oil with 90% unsaturated fatty acids, which means it may be suitable for making oleochemicals and biopolymers. This paper describes the synthesis of several oleo derivatives from camelina oil (CO) and the development of polymers through UV polymerization for pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) applications. CO was converted into epoxidized camelina oil, then to partially acrylated epoxidized camelina oil, and finally to di-hydroxyl acrylated epoxidized camelina oil, an acrylic polyol with 1 acrylate functionality and a hydroxyl value of 293mgKOH/g. These oil derivatives were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, rheometry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The acrylic polyol was copolymerized with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA) to form tacky viscoelastic polymers. Glass transition temperature of the polymers increased as increasing ratio of acrylic polyol to 2-EHA. A bio-based PSA with a good balance of peel strength (3.86N/in), tack (5.2N/in), and shear resistance (>30,000min) was achieved with equal amounts of acrylic polyol and 2-EHA and a moderate amount of rosin ester added as a tackifier. Frequency sweeps indicated positive correlations between the adhesion performances and viscoelastic responses of PSAs.
In this study, ascorbyl palmitate (AP) incorporated in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs-AP) was fabricated using the hot-homogenization method. The amounts of AP, Tween 80, glyceryl stearate, and ...oleic acid were optimized by Box-Behnken Design (BBD) to obtain a high percentage of encapsulation efficiency and loading efficiency. Then, the optimum NLCs-AP, free-AP with rosemary essential oil (REO), NLCs-AP with REO, and tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) at a concentration of 75 ppm were added to camelina oil. Then peroxide value (PV), anisidine value (AV), TOTOX value (TV), oxidative stability using Rancimat, total phenol content (TPC), and antioxidant activity in camelina oil samples were evaluated during 90 days of storage at the ambient temperature. The optimum NLCs-AP had a particle size of 133.4 nm and a PDI of 0.29. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed a spherical and smooth surface of the optimum NLCs-AP. The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transfer spectroscopy infrared (FTIR) analyses implied that there was no interaction between AP and NLCs. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model was the best model for the evaluation of the release kinetics. The amounts of PV, AV, and TV of camelina oil containing the optimum NLCs-AP were slightly higher than the oil containing TBHQ. The highest oxidative protection, TPC, and antioxidant activity percentage were achieved in camelina oil containing NLCs-AP with REO. Conclusively, the optimum NLCs-AP had excellent potential for encapsulation of AP, and the mixture of REO and NLCs-AP could be applied for giving suitable oxidative stability in camelina oil.
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease (CLD). Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants co-supplementation have been considered as an alternative ...treatment in NAFLD. This trial will evaluate camelina sativa oil (CSO) effects as a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants on cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic endotoxemia, liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis, and mental health in NAFLD patients.
Methods: Forty-six patients with NAFLD will be randomly assigned to either a CSO supplementation or placebo for 12 weeks. Both groups will receive a weight-loss diet too. Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, anti/inflammatory biomarkers, lipid profile, adiponectin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), anthropometric indices, liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis, and cortisol will be assessed all patients at baseline and post-intervention. DASS and GHQ questionnaires will be completed for all patients at baseline and post-intervention.
Results: The CSO is expected to reduce hepatic steatosis and improve cardiometabolic risk factors, liver function, and mental health compared to the placebo group after 12 weeks.
Conclusion: The CSO as a phytopharmaceutical drug may improve cardiometabolic risk factors, metabolic endotoxemia, liver enzymes, hepatic steatosis, and mental health in patients with NAFLD.
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•Possible castor oil alternatives were produced from camelina oil.•The flexible process used permits modification of the polyol properties.•Camelina polyols were produced with a range ...of viscosities and hydroxyl values.•Camelina polyols were used in polyurethane applications in place of castor oil.•Camelina and castor based polyurethanes had similar thermal and physical properties.
Castor oil is a natural polyol and widely used in many applications. Although castor oil is a renewable biobased product, its production is geographically limited to tropical regions, resulting in fluctuations in supply and price stability. This work explores the possibility of the production of castor oil alternatives from camelina oil grown in temperate regions as an industrial crop and its subsequent use in polyurethane formulations. Castor oil replacement polyols were produced from camelina oil via controlled epoxidation using in-situ generated performic acid and a subsequent hydroxylation via acid catalyzed epoxy ring opening with alcohol. The viscosity and hydroxyl functionality of camelina oil polyol was targeted to match castor oil since these parameters dictate the performance of these polyols as drop-in replacements. The reaction of camelina oil polyols and castor oil with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate to produce polyurethane was studied via their rheological behavior during curing, which indicated their relative reactivities. In polyurethane applications, it was found that whilst camelina oil polyols showed lower reactivity towards isocyanates, reactivity can be readily adjusted to match castor oil by the addition of small amount of common catalysts. The thermo-mechanical properties of cured polyurethanes from camelina oil polyols (expressed via glass transition temperature) were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry and found to significantly exceed those made using castor oil. Overall, this study demonstrates that polyols from camelina oil can be produced with a range of viscosities and hydroxyl functionalities and are suitable to replace castor oil in polyurethane applications. The ability to adjust these parameters offers a significant advantage over castor oil.
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