Cold‐pressed linseed and camelina oils have been available on the global market for many years. They are known for their high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), mainly α‐linolenic ...(ALA). This study aimed to evaluate the quality and oxidative stability of linseed and camelina cold‐pressed oils purchased in retail outlets in Poland. The fatty acid composition, peroxide value, acid value, anisidine value, chlorophyll pigments, carotenoid pigments, and oxidative stability of these oils were analyzed. It was found that all analyzed oils meet the standards of requirements of the Codex Alimentarius (2009) for cold‐pressed oils. The content of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments of linseed and camelina oils was significantly different. The percentage composition of PUFAs was high in both types of oils, but it was significantly higher in linseed than in camelina oils. The results of Rancimat and PDSC tests show low oxidative stability of all tested oils, although camelina oils were more stable than linseed oils.
Practical applications: Based on the study, it can be concluded that linseed and camelina oils should be included in the human diet to provide an optimal ratio of omega‐6 to omega‐3 fatty acids. The differences between tested oils of the same seed species were significant. This study shows that quick methods of testing an oils oxidative stability (Rancimat and PDSC) may be successfully applied in oil studies.
The study evaluates the quality of cold‐pressed linseed and camelina oils purchased in retail outlets in Poland. The research shows a correlation (r = −0.673) between content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidative stability of tested oils. Oxidative stability was determined by Rancimat test and fatty acid composition by GC‐FID.
The study evaluates the quality of cold‐pressed linseed and camelina oils purchased in retail outlets in Poland. The research shows a correlation (r = −0.673) between content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidative stability of tested oils. Oxidative stability was determined by Rancimat test and fatty acid composition by GC‐FID.
The effects of a dietary supplementation with the vegetable ω-3 α-linolenic acid (ALA) on cardiovascular homeostasis are unclear. In this context, it would be interesting to assess the effects of ...camelina oil.
This study aimed to assess the cardiovascular and metabolic effects of camelina oil in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome.
In a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study, treated essential hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome received, during 6 mo, either cyclodextrin-complexed camelina oil containing ≈ 1.5 g ALA/d (n = 40) or an isocaloric placebo (n = 41), consisting of the same quantity of cyclodextrins and wheat starch. Anthropometric data, plasma lipids, glycemia, insulinemia, creatininemia, TBARs, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and n–3, n–6, and n–9 fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes were measured. Peripheral and central blood pressures, arterial stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness, and brachial artery endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and endothelium-independent dilatation were assessed.
Compared with placebo, camelina oil increased ALA (mean ± SD: 0 ± 0.04 compared with 0.08 ± 0.06%, P <0.001), its elongation product EPA (0 ± 0.5 compared with 0.16 ± 0.65%, P <0.05), and the n–9 gondoic acid (GA; 0 ± 0.04 compared with 0.08 ± 0.04%, P <0.001). No between-group difference was observed for cardiovascular parameters. However, changes in FMD were associated with the magnitude of changes in EPA (r = 0.26, P = 0.03). Compared with placebo, camelina oil increased fasting glycemia (–0.2 ± 0.6 compared with 0.3 ± 0.5 mmol/L, P <0.001) and HOMA-IR index (–0.8 ± 2.5 compared with 0.5 ± 0.9, P <0.01), without affecting plasma lipids, or inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Changes in HOMA-IR index were correlated with the magnitude of changes in GA (r = 0.32, P <0.01). Nutritional intake remained similar between groups.
ALA supplementation with camelina oil did not improve vascular function but adversely affected glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. Whether this adverse effect on insulin sensitivity is related to GA enrichment, remains to be elucidated.
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An important operational property of motor diesel fuels (DF), which characterizes their resistance to oxidation at high temperatures with the formation of solid oxidation products, is ...thermal-oxidative stability. An effective method for assessing the thermal-oxidative capacity in laboratory conditions at the Diesel Fuel System (DFS)-2 facility is the dynamic method, which consists in pumping the test fuel along the heated surface for a certain time at constant temperatures and fuel consumption. According to the indicators of the amount of deposits in the form of solid oxidation products on the control surfaces and the temperature of the beginning of their formation, a conclusion is made about the resistance of the tested fuel to oxidation. One of the types of diesel fuel for automotive and tractor engines is a mixed diesel fuel obtained by mixing commercial petroleum diesel fuel and camelina oil. Thus the practically significant task is to determine the indicators of thermal-oxidative stability of such a mixed fuel by a dynamic method. The results of the current research in terms of thermal-oxidative capacity indicators show that the tested mixed fuel is superior to commercial oil diesel fuel in terms of resistance to the formation of deposits in the form of solid oxidation products.
There is growing interest worldwide in the use of camelina oil for food as well as for biofuel purposes. For both of these applications, oxidative stability is an important feature of the oil. ...Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the thermal resistance to oxidation of three different cultivars of camelina oil i.e.,
Omega
,
Luna
and
Śmiłowska
by means of isothermal and non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) oxidation measurement. For isothermal DSC analysis, different temperatures were tested (120, 140, 160 °C) and in the non-isothermal mode different scanning rates (1, 2, 5, 10, 15 °C min
−1
) were used. To support the DSC data, chemical analyzes were also performed i.e., fatty acid composition, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, acid value and radical scavenging activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (RSA DPPH). The isothermal test indicated that for all camelina oils the oxidation induction time (OIT) decreased with an increase in temperature on average from 69.83 min for 120 °C to 5.13 min for 160 °C. The OIT values corresponded very well with non-isothermal DSC results, for which the onset temperatures (
T
on
) increased with the increase of heating rate on average from 142.15 °C for 1 °C min
−1
to 185.75 °C for 15 °C min
−1
. The parameters of DSC oxidative stability i.e., OIT as well as
T
on
values were negatively correlated with some unsaturated fatty acids content e.g., α-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-3) and positively with yellowness
b*
and RSA DPPH. Oil from camelina seeds of
Śmiłowska
cultivar, which was characterized by the lowest content of α-linolenic acid and the highest
b*
value of color and RSA DPPH, was the most thermally stable oil.
Abstract Gut microbiota impacts fish metabolism, nutrient utilization, and health. We know little about how temperature and diet interact with rainbow trout gut microbes. A total of 288 fish (average ...body weight: 45.6 g) fed four iso‐caloric, ‐lipidic, and ‐nitrogenous diets comprised crude protein (40%) and lipid (20%) manufactured as 100% animal‐based protein (AP) and blend of 50 fish oil (FO)/50 camelina oil (CO), 100% AP and 100% CO, 100% plant‐based protein (PP) and blend of 50 FO/50 CO or 100% PP and 100% CO at 14 or 18°C water temperature. Gut content was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing. Alpha‐diversity did not change significantly. Regardless of diet, Tenericutes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria dominated. At family level, Aeromonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae dominated at 18°C, while Mycoplasmataceae dominated at 14°C. Moreover, genes relating to amino acid, carbohydrate, fat, and energy metabolisms and fatty acid biosynthesis significantly increased at 18°C. Functional profiles did not vary significantly among diets, except for a higher methionine and cysteine metabolism in fish fed plant ingredient compared animal diet, suggesting trout fed plant‐derived protein mixed with CO could be as effective as those fed fish meals mixed with 50/50 FO and CO.
This study presents a technoeconomic analysis of commercial extraction of camelina oil as an aviation fuel feedstock. An engineering economic model was designed in Superpro Designer® to quantify ...capital investment, scale, production cost, and profitability for a 120,000–1,500,000 tonnes annum−1 solvent extraction plant. The corresponding estimated capital investment was $24.7 - $155 million. Feedstock cost ($0.29–0.40 kg−1), seed yield (1400–2100 kg ha−1), oil content (38–47%), scale, and camelina meal revenue are key factors in the break-even selling price (BESP) and competitiveness of camelina oil as a feedstock. Feedstock represented 81–90% of operating cost. The BESP ranges from $0.43 -$1.22 L-1. Larger plants have lower BESP compared to smaller plants which require higher breakeven prices. This suggests better economies of scale associated with higher plant scale. Camelina can be introduced into underutilized summerfallow land of semiarid Canadian Prairies of Saskatchewan. Swift Current is an ideal extraction plant location. These results can guide R&D and investment decisions for advancing camelina as an industrial feedstock within the innovation value chain.
•Technoeconomic analysis of solvent extraction of camelina oil is presented.•Location of a crushing plant and its feedstocks are identified.•Camelina seed and oil are evaluated vis-à-vis their feedstock cost for biojet fuel.•Capital investment scaling and profitability are analyzed using SuperPro Designer®.•NPV shows viability of a camelina crushing plant over wide scale in Saskatchewan.
Erucic (22:1, cisΔ13) and gondoic acids (20:1, cisΔ11) are building blocks obtained from renewable sources for the oleochemical industry. Different biocatalytic strategies for the enrichment of these ...compounds with high recovery yields were developed in our group. Geotrichum candidum lipases (GCL) strongly discriminate against fatty acids longer than 18 carbon atoms. Thus, GCL‐I and ‐II were investigated using hydrolysis or ethanolysis reactions with Crambe and Camelina oils. Hydrolysis was also studied using fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) derived from the corresponding oil. Both isoforms were highly selective; however, interesting differences were observed. Although it has been reported that GCL‐I displays a higher preference toward 18 cisΔ9, which is present in the studied oils at high levels, GCL‐II showed higher enrichment values during hydrolysis independent of the substrate used. Hence, enrichments of 87% (Crambe oil) and 82% (Crambe FAEE) for erucic acid and 50% (Camelina oil) and 45% (Camelina FAEE) for gondoic acid, with recovery values between 89% and 99%, were achieved. On the contrary, the best enzyme for ethanolysis was GCL‐I (82% and 41% for erucic and gondoic acid, respectively). In this case, although GCL‐II also displayed good enrichment and recovery levels (77% and 28%, respectively), they were lower compared to the former reactions. In both ethanolysis reactions, the FAEE fraction contained between 92% and 97% of 18 unsaturated fatty acids.
This study assesses the effect of inclusion of n–3 C18 rich oils on nutrient profile and quality of flesh in gilthead seabream (≈ 61.5 g) after feeding isoproteic and isolipidic diets in which ...camelina seed (CSO) or chia oil (CO) totally or partially replaces fish oil (FO) for 110 days. Fillet fatty acid (FA) profile reflects dietary FA profile, characterized by increased C18 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and a reduced highly unsaturated FA, whereas n–3/n–6 ratios are increased in fish fed diets with CSO or CO content. However, indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity, calculated from the fillet FA profile as indices for the health quality for consumers, are reduced with dietary addition of CSO or CO due to the increased fillet content of C18 n–3 PUFA in CSO and CO fed fish. In spite of the differences in fillet FA profiles, sensory quality of flesh does not vary among fish from different dietary groups. Instrumental texture and color analyses reveal significantly different values in cooked fillets in comparison to the raw fillets. Overall, dietary inclusion of CSO or CO enhances the nutritional value of fish flesh as well as the production of healthier fillets.
Practical Applications: This study suggests fish oil could be totally replaced with camelina or chia oil in the diet of gilthead sea bream without negatively affecting sensory characteristics. The dietary inclusion of these oils could enhance the nutritional quality of fish fillets, and could receive wide application in the aquafeed and animal feed producing sector.
Reduced fillet content of highly unsaturated FA and increased n–3/n–6 ratios in camelina seed oil (CSO) and chia oil (CO) fed fish. Indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity are reduced in CSO and CO fed fish. Sensory quality does not vary among fish fillets. Instrumental texture and color analyses reveal significantly different values in cooked fillets in comparison to the raw fillets.
Dietary fish oil can potentially be replaced by camelina oil in aquafeeds since 18:3n‐3 (α‐linolenic acid: ALA) accounts for 35% of the fatty acids. To test the effect of camelina oil on fish lipid ...composition, a feeding trial with tilapia (var. GIFT Oreochromis sp.) was carried out. Four experimental diets were formulated, one containing only fish oil (TFO), two where fish oil was replaced by camelina at low (Low‐CO) and medium (Med‐CO) levels, and another made only with camelina oil (TCO). A commercial diet (COM) was used as a reference diet. At the end of an 8‐week feeding trial, the liver, kidney, heart and brain were sampled. In terms of proportions across tissues, the liver showed the highest triacylglycerol and oleic acid content; the kidney was higher in arachidonic (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA); the heart had the highest total lipids, linoleic acid (LOA) and ALA, while the brain was higher in sterols, acetone‐mobile polar lipids (AMPL), phospholipids and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In terms of concentration among diets within tissues, when comparing TFO vs TCO, the phospholipids and ARA increased in the kidney, while the phospholipids decreased in the heart and the DHA in the brain. The TCO diet significantly increased 20:1n‐9 and ALA in all analysed tissues. As expected, the COM diet significantly increased concentrations of EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (n‐3DPA) and DHA in all analysed tissues.
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