Lines, contours and legends Gerlach, Joe
Progress in human geography,
02/2014, Letnik:
38, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Harnessing the cartographic attributes of line, contour and legend, this paper generates a conceptual vocabulary attentive to the proliferation in everyday mapping. By developing theoretical work ...that questions the representational certitude of cartography, the paper argues that attention needs to be focused on the non-representational vectors of mapping. This is to establish the grounds for future empirical research into quotidian cartographies and their politics. Instead of categorizing these variegated, mapping practices as either ‘counter’ or ‘indigenous’ movements, the notion of ‘vernacular mapping’ is proposed as one way in which geographers might begin to encounter the vibrant micropolitics of contemporary cartography.
This book is a comparative study of the production and role of maps, charts, and atlases in early modern England and France with a particular focus on Paris and London.
Subversive Submersives Edwards, Charity
Footprint : Delft School of Design journal,
04/2024, Letnik:
17, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The enormity of the ocean presents as an unusual physical obstacle that complicates claims for spaces being urbanised well beyond the traditional container of the city, such as the focus of this ...discussion: the Southern Ocean. Though commonly perceived as a pristine wilderness at the end of the earth, the ocean surrounding Antarctica has been imbricated in planetary-scale processes of urbanisation since the late eighteenth century, so the absence of this oceanic volume from twenty-first-century urban debates is troubling. Representations of the Antarctic as remote and disconnected from cities do nothing to contribute to a critical discussion of its ocean volume, technological histories or ongoing colonial settler imaginaries. Instead, attention might turn to codifying what the ocean increasingly contains by way of urban processes and, ultimately, what might be offered by confirming extended forms of urbanisation operating on and, importantly, through the earth. In this article I re-present the Southern Ocean via comparative cartographies and critical image-making to cross-examine what its occlusion signifies for the planetary reach of urbanisation. For underneath the machinery of extraction and exploitation lie significant questions regarding representations of the urban as they manifest outside conventions that overstate ‘the city’ as central to urbanisation.
Landslide inventory maps are commonly prepared through the visual interpretation of stereoscopic aerial photographs and field checks. Stereoscopic satellite images can also be interpreted visually to ...recognize and map landslides. When interpreting stereoscopic imagery, shadows can conceal the photographic elements typical of landslides, hampering the recognition and mapping of the landslides. To mitigate the problem, we propose a method that exploits normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images and digital stereoscopy for the 3D visual recognition and mapping of landslides in shadowed areas. We tested the method in the 25 km
2
Pogliaschina catchment, northern Italy, where intense rainfall caused abundant landslides on 25 October 2011. Using a PLANAR® StereoMirror™ digital stereoscope, we prepared an event landslide inventory map (E-LIM) through the visual interpretation of a pair of NDVI images obtained from a WorldView-2 stereoscopic multispectral bundle. We compared the event inventory with two independent E-LIMs for the same area and landslide event. The 3D vision of the NDVI stereoscopic image pair maximized the use of the radiometric (color and tone) and the terrain (elevation, slope, relief, and convexity) information captured by the stereoscopic multispectral images, allowing for the recognition of more landslides and more landslide areas than the other E-LIMs in the shadowed areas. Our results confirm that use of NDVI images facilitates the visual recognition and mapping of landslides in terrain affected by shadows. We expect that the proposed method can help trained interpreters to map landslides more accurately in areas affected by shadows.
Our research goal was to determine which choropleth classification methods are most suitable for epidemiological rate maps. We compared seven methods using responses by fifty-six subjects in a ...two-part experiment involving nine series of U.S. mortality maps. Subjects answered a wide range of general map-reading questions that involved individual maps and comparisons among maps in a series. The questions addressed varied scales of map-reading, from individual enumeration units, to regions, to whole-map distributions. Quantiles and minimum boundary error classification methods were best suited for these general choropleth map-reading tasks. Natural breaks (Jenks) and a hybrid version of equal-intervals classing formed a second grouping in the results, both producing responses less than 70 percent as accurate as for quantiles. Using matched legends across a series of maps (when possible) increased map-comparison accuracy by approximately 28 percent. The advantages of careful optimization procedures in choropleth classification seem to offer no benefit over the simpler quantile method for the general map-reading tasks tested in the reported experiment.
In this paper, we explore quantitative tools to investigate the optionality with respect to the presence of the possessive marker 돨 de in alienable and inalienable constructions in Chinese. We ...explore three models to account for this optionality. The main model predicts syntactic nature to optionality, in which the syntactic structure plays a role in the licensing/or lack of licensing of the possessive marker, such as overtly realizing pragmatically defined contexts (e.g., the nature of the possessor) or discourse properties. We compare this model to two control groups. The first control group states that the behavior of the marker 돨 de is highly dependent to the lexical properties of the possessum, while the second control group accounts for optionality as random, possibly given by chance. Corpus counts support that the syntactic model better captures the data. Finally, we discuss our results considering a cartographic approach.
The map is the key element in any navigation system. The dynamic growth of indoor navigation systems requires improvements in quality not only of positioning systems but also of maps of building ...interiors. Most emergent solutions in this field do not use cartographic knowledge. Cartographic methodology for representing building interiors is still in its initial stages of development. Its proper use may, however, be of great importance to the effectiveness of indoor navigation. The author presents important features that indoor mobile maps should possess, for both the data model and the presentation method to be used. In this context, the question of the contemporary definition of a map is also discussed.
Krieg und Karten gehören untrennbar zusammen. Sie sind dabei nicht bloß militärische Instrumente, sondern transportieren stets auch politische Raumbilder. Diesen bislang wenig beachteten Aspekten des ...Ersten Weltkriegs geht die Untersuchung nach.
Der Erste Weltkrieg wurde wie kein anderer Konflikt zuvor in allen räumlichen Dimensionen geführt. Karten trugen ihren entscheidenden Anteil dazu bei. Die deutschen Operationsplanungen fußten auf den strategischen Generalstabskarten, während insbesondere die Kriegführung im Westen neue Raummedien erforderte. Im gleichen Maße stiegen die Anforderungen an die Soldaten, sich mit den neuen Kartentypen im Stellungskrieg zurechtzufinden. Das führte zu Bildungsanstrengungen in der »Heimat«, von denen insbesondere die Schulgeographie profitierte. Erdkundelehrer stellten ihre Expertise bereitwillig in den Dienst des Krieges und instrumentalisierten geographisches Wissen zu Propagandazwecken.
PDF
