From revolution to ethics Bourg, Julian
From revolution to ethics,
c2007, 20070514, 2007, 2007-05-14, 20070101
eBook
Challenging the prevalent view that the 1960s did not have any lasting effect, From Revolution to Ethics demonstrates that intellectuals and activists turned to ethics as the touchstone for ...understanding interpersonal, institutional, and political dilemmas. In absorbing and scrupulously researched detail Bourg explores the developing ethical fascination as it emerged among student Maoists courting terrorism, anti-psychiatric celebrations of madness, feminists mobilizing against rape, and pundits and philosophers championing human rights.
Unequal City Hamnett, Chris
2003, 20040601, 2004-06-01, 20020101, 20030101
eBook
Unequal City examines some of the dramatic economic and social changes that have taken place in London over the last forty years. It describes how London's changing industrial structure, particularly ...the shift from an industrial to a services-based city, and the associated changes in occupational class structure and in the structure of earnings and incomes, have worked through to the housing market and the gentrification of large parts of inner London. Unequal City relates to the literature on global cities. The book has a wide sweep and summarises a wide range of literature on occupational and industrial change, earnings and incomes and the housing market and gentrification. It provides a wealth of original data, figures, maps and tables and will be a valuable reference for anyone interested in the changes that have reshaped the social structure of London in recent decades.
A wide-ranging study that illuminates the connection between epidemic diseases and societal change, from the Black Death to Ebola This sweeping exploration of the impact of epidemic diseases looks at ...how mass infectious outbreaks have shaped society, from the Black Death to today. In a clear and accessible style, Frank M. Snowden reveals the ways that diseases have not only influenced medical science and public health, but also transformed the arts, religion, intellectual history, and warfare. A multidisciplinary and comparative investigation of the medical and social history of the major epidemics, this volume touches on themes such as the evolution of medical therapy, plague literature, poverty, the environment, and mass hysteria. In addition to providing historical perspective on diseases such as smallpox, cholera, and tuberculosis, Snowden examines the fallout from recent epidemics such as HIV/AIDS, SARS, and Ebola and the question of the world's preparedness for the next generation of diseases.
Because it provided the dominant framework for development of poor, postcolonial countries, modernization theory ranks among the most important constructs of twentieth-century social science. In ...Mandarins of the Future: Modernization Theory in Cold War America Nils Gilman offers the first intellectual history of a movement that has had far-reaching and often unintended consequences.
After a survey of the theory's origins and its role in forming America's postwar sense of global mission, Gilman offers a close analysis of the people who did the most to promote it in the United States and the academic institutions they came to dominate. He first explains how Talcott Parsons at Harvard constructed a social theory that challenged the prevailing economics-centered understanding of the modernization process, then describes the work of Edward Shils and Gabriel Almond in helping Parsonsian ideas triumph over other alternative conceptions of the development process, and finally discusses the role of Walt Rostow and his colleagues at M.I.T. in promoting modernization theory during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. By connecting modernization theory to the welfare state liberalism programs of the New Deal order, Gilman not only provides a new intellectual context for America's Third World during the Cold War, but also connects the optimism of the Great Society to the notion that American power and good intentions could stop the postcolonial world from embracing communism.
Xenocitizens returns to the nineteenth century in order to uncover realities and possibilities that have been foreclosed by dominant liberal paradigms. Examining how antebellum crises pushed writers ...to formulate alternative ontological and social models for personhood and sociality, Xenocitizens glimpses startlingly unique and unfamiliar ways to exist and to leverage change.
While doing fieldwork in the modernizing Javanese city of Solo during the late 1980s, Suzanne Brenner came upon a neighborhood that seemed like a museum of a bygone era: Laweyan, a once-thriving ...production center of batik textiles, had embraced modernity under Dutch colonial rule, only to fend off the modernizing forces of the Indonesian state during the late twentieth century. Focusing on this community, Brenner examines what she calls the making of the "unmodern." She portrays a merchant enclave clinging to its distinctive forms of social life and highlights the unique power of women in the marketplace and the home--two domains closely linked to each other through local economies of production and exchange. Against the social, political, and economic developments of late-colonial and postcolonial Java, Brenner describes how an innovative, commercially successful lifestyle became an anachronism in Indonesian society, thereby challenging the idea that tradition invariably gives way to modernity in an evolutionary progression.
Brenner's analysis centers on the importance of gender to processes of social transformation. In Laweyan, the base of economic and social power has shifted from families, in which women were the main producers of wealth and cultural value, to the Indonesian state, which has worked to reorient families toward national political agendas. How such attempts affect women's lives and the meaning of the family itself are key considerations as Brenner questions long-held assumptions about the division between "domestic" and "public" spheres in modern society.
Michael M. J. Fischer examines documentary filmmaking, literature, and innovative dance from Southeast Asia and Singapore for their para-ethnographic insights into politics, culture, and aesthetics.
L’adoption de la culture de cacao et café par le peuple ndénié a introduit de nouveaux comportements dans ses pratiques successorales matrilinéaires. L’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier ...certains éléments de ce changement institutionnel. Dans une double approche qualitative et quantitative, une enquête a été menée auprès des sachants traditionnels et d’héritiers dans vingt-cinq (25) villages des cantons Amélékia, Anuassué, Niablé, Yakassé et Zaranou. Un guide d’entretien aux traditionnistes et un questionnaire aux héritiers ont été mobilisés pour apprécier la direction de ce mouvement institutionnel. De l’analyse des données empiriques, il ressort que de nouvelles procédures héréditaires traduisant deux formes de transmission d’héritage sur une diversité du contenu des biens ont abouti à trois modes de gestion. À ces éléments nouveaux, s’ajoute la révision des principes de genre qui ont longtemps gouverné ce système de transfert de biens matériels et immatériels.
The Sharing Economy Sundararajan, Arun
2016, 20160506, 2016-05-13, 2016.
eBook
Sharing isn't new. Giving someone a ride, having a guest in your spare room, running errands for someone, participating in a supper club -- these are not revolutionary concepts. What is new, in the ..."sharing economy," is that you are not helping a friend for free; you are providing these services to a stranger for money. In this book, Arun Sundararajan, an expert on the sharing economy, explains the transition to what he describes as "crowd-based capitalism" -- a new way of organizing economic activity that may supplant the traditional corporate-centered model. As peer-to-peer commercial exchange blurs the lines between the personal and the professional, how will the economy, government regulation, what it means to have a job, and our social fabric be affected? Drawing on extensive research and numerous real-world examples -- including Airbnb, Lyft, Uber, Etsy, TaskRabbit, France's BlaBlaCar, China's Didi Kuaidi, and India's Ola, Sundararajan explains the basics of crowd-based capitalism. He describes the intriguing mix of "gift" and "market" in its transactions, demystifies emerging blockchain technologies, and clarifies the dizzying array of emerging on-demand platforms. He considers how this new paradigm changes economic growth and the future of work. Will we live in a world of empowered entrepreneurs who enjoy professional flexibility and independence? Or will we become disenfranchised digital laborers scurrying between platforms in search of the next wedge of piecework? Sundararajan highlights the important policy choices and suggests possible new directions for self-regulatory organizations, labor law, and funding our social safety net.
L'analyse traditionnelle des changements techniques et de leurs effets sur le fonctionnement des sociétés repose généralement sur deux facteurs : les inventions et les innovations.De nouvelles ...analyses ont proposé deux concepts distincts : les inventions partagées, qui sont des ensembles d'intelligences réunies par des acteurs différents, et les innovations concurrentielles, présentées sur les marchés en tant qu'associations d'expériences d'acteurs.Ces deux concepts reposent sur celui de « dynamiques sociales », des ensembles de stratégies et de nouvelles techniques assurant la cohérence des relations indispensables à la pérennité et à la vitalité des acteurs sociaux, des institutions et des fondements socio-économiques des économies.Cet ouvrage présente ces nouvelles approches et, par l'étude de cas concrets, produit une analyse des liens existants entre les inventions partagées, les innovations concurrentielles et les dynamiques sociales.
