Eight previously undescribed lanostane triterpenoids and nine known ones were identified from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lingzhi S.H. Wu, Y. Cao & Y.C. Dai. Their structures were determined ...based on spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculations. Structurally, ganoderane GL-1, featuring a hydrogenated tetramethyls-phenanthraquinone, represents the first example in lanostane nor-triterpenoid group. Biologically, ganoderanes GL-2 and GL-3, distinguished by the presence of a rare “1,11-epoxy” moiety, exhibited significant inhibition against nitric oxide production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, while ganoderanes GL-4 and GL-8 exhibited bifunctional activities of anti-proliferation and anti-inflammation.
Seventeen lanostane triterpenoids were identified from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lingzhi. Their structures were determined by multiple methods, and bioassay results revealed that some of them exhibited significant anti-proliferative and/or anti-inflammatory activities. Display omitted
•17 Lanostane triterpenoids were identified from G. lingzhi.•Ganoderanes GL-1 is a previously undescribed lanostane nor-triterpenoid.•Ganoderanes GL-2/3 each with a “1,11-epoxy” moiety, could inhibit the production of NO.•Ganoderanes GL-4/8 displayed anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.
Eighteen linear triquinane sesquiterpenoids (LTSs), including seventeen previously undescribed ones (hirsutuminoids A-Q), were isolated from the fermentation of the fungus Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) ...Pers. The structures and absolute configurations of the isolates were characterized by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D, 2D NMR, and HRMS data), together with comparing the experimental and calculated data of both electronic circular dichroism and NMR data, as well as X-ray crystallography. Based on the literature survey and efforts on constructing the absolute configurations of these LTSs in this study, one empirical rule about the orientations of substitutions at C-2/C-3/C-7/C-9 was summarized. Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic bioassays showed that only hirsutuminoid B inhibited the nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with an IC50 value, 18.9 μM.
Eighteen linear triquinane sesquiterpenoids (LTSs), established by comprehensive methods, were isolated from Stereum hirsutum. One empirical rule about the orientations of substitutions at C-2/3/7/9 in LTSs was summarized. Hirsutuminoid B showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity. Display omitted
•Hirsutuminoids A-Q, 17 undescribed LTSs, were isolated from S. hirsutum.•Their absolute configurations were established by multiple methods.•Cytotoxicity and inhibition on NO production of all isolates were evaluated.•An empirical rule about the orientations of substitutions at C-2/3/7/9 was summarized.
One new highly degraded steroid, namely 21‐nor‐4‐ene‐chaxine A (1) furnishing a 5/6/5‐tricyclic, along with one known related analogue (2), were isolated from the South China Sea sponge Spongia ...officinalis. Their structures including absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic data analysis, TDDFT‐ECD calculation, and comparison with the spectral data previously reported in the literature. Compound 1 represent the new member of incisterols family with a highly degradation in ring B. In vitro bioassays revealed compound 2 exhibited significant anti‐microglial inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammation in BV‐2 microglial cells.
Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical, physicochemical, and antibacterial properties of Agaricus bisporus collected from the Zarnagh region (province of East ...Azerbaijan, northwestern Iran), to enhance health quality, and economic exploitation in pharmaceutics, food, and agriculture industries. The methanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus mushroom (maceration extraction method), was screened for chemicals properties. Research Method: All chemicals were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fruiting bodies of wild edible mushrooms (A. bisporus) were collected from the Z. region. The methanolic extracts were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to the ultraviolet detector analysis. The antibacterial activities were carried out by using three bacteria. Findings: The results of chemical and nutritional factors include crude protein (46.62 ± 0.19 g/100g), crude fat (10.59 ± 0.13 g/100g), fiber (17.76 ± 0.32 g/100g), carbohydrate (1.56 ± 0.27 g/100g) and total energy (288.3 ± 2.61 Kcal). Potassium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and copper in considerable quantities were found in the wild edible mushroom from the Z. region. The eight compounds were identified in the crude methanolic extract by GC-MS analysis. Rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol identified by HPLC-UV analysis. The highest inhibitory activity was noticed against E. coli (PTCC 1399) with 22±0.2 mm (diameter of inhibition zone) for methanol extract. Limitations: There was no significant limitation to the report. Originality/Value: Briefly, there is no much information about the chemical profile of wild mushrooms of Iran, and this work is the first study on the chemical and antibacterial properties of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms.
Eleven withanolides including six previously undescribed compounds, 16β-hydroxyixocarpanolide, 24,25-dihydroexodeconolide C, 16,17-dehydro-24-epi-dioscorolide A, 17-epi-philadelphicalactone A, ...16-deoxyphiladelphicalactone C, and 4-deoxyixocarpalactone A were isolated from aeroponically grown Physalis philadelphica. Structures of these withanolides were elucidated by the analysis of their spectroscopic (HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD) data and comparison with published data for related withanolides. Cytotoxic activity of all isolated compounds was evaluated against a panel of five human tumor cell lines (LNCaP, ACHN, UO-31, M14 and SK-MEL-28), and normal (HFF) cells. Of these, 17-epi-philadelphicalactone A, withaphysacarpin, philadelphicalactone C, and ixocarpalactone A exhibited cytotoxicity against ACHN, UO-31, M14 and SK-MEL-28, but showed no toxicity to HFF cells.
Six new withanolides together with five known withanolides were identified from aeroponically grown Physalis philadelphica Lam. (Solanaceae), suggesting that environmentally-controlled aeroponic cultivation is a promising method for their efficient production. Display omitted
•Aeroponic cultivation of Physalis philadelphica efficiently produces withanolides.•Eleven withanolides were isolated including six previously undescribed.•Four withanolides exhibited selective cytotoxicity to some cancer cell lines.
In this study, the chemical composition of the vapor and liquid phase of
L.,
Turra,
L., and
M. needles essential oils (EOs) was investigated by Headspace-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry ...(HS-GC/MS). In the examined EOs, a total of twenty-eight components were identified, most of which belong to the monoterpenes family. α-Pinene (16.6-44.0%), β-pinene (7.5-44.7%), limonene (9.5-32.5%), and γ-terpinene (0.3-19.7%) were the most abundant components of the liquid phase. Such major compounds were also detected in the vapor phase of all EOs, and α-pinene reached higher relative percentages than in the liquid phase. Then, both the liquid and vapor phases were evaluated in terms of antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative bacteria (
,
, and
) and two Gram-positive bacteria (
and
) using a microwell dilution assay, disc diffusion assay, and vapor phase test. The lowest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) (13.28 mg/mL) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) (26.56 mg/mL) values, which correspond to the highest antibacterial activities, were reported for
EO against
and for
EO against
and
. The vapor phase of all the tested EOs was more active than liquid phase, showing the inhibition halos from 41.00 ± 10.15 mm to 80.00 ± 0.00 mm for three bacterial strains (
,
, and
). Furthermore, antioxidant activities were also investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) assays, and a concentration-dependent antioxidant capacity for all EOs was found.
EO showed the best antioxidant activity than the other Pinaceae EOs. The four Pinaceae EOs could be further investigated for their promising antibacterial and antioxidant properties, and, in particular, α-pinene seems to have interesting possibilities for use as a novel natural antibacterial agent.
A simple and efficient strategy is reported for the synthesis of anthracene-fused isoxazolopyrrolo2,1-aisoquinolines via an endocyclic N-acyliminium ion cyclization. The cyclization of ...18-aryl-21-(2-arylethyl)-22-hydroxy-16-oxa-17,21-diazahexacyclo6.6.5.315,19.02,7.09,14.015,19docosa-2,4,6,9,11,13,17-heptaen-20-ones proceeds with high stereoselectivity, leading to 28-aryl-30-oxa-12,29-diazaoctacyclo13.6.6.32,14.02,14.03,12.04,9.016,21.022,27triaconta-4,6,8,16,18,20,22,24,26,28-decaen-13-ones. The N-acyliminium cyclization of 18-aryl-21-(2-arylethyl)-20-hydroxy-16-oxa-17,21-diazahexacyclo6.6.5.315,19.02,7.09,14.015,19docosa-2,4,6,9,11,13,17-heptaen-22-ones occurs only for substrates with electron-rich aromatic groups in the arylalkyl fragment. In these cases, cyclization also proceeds with a high stereoselectivity with the formation of anthracene-fused isoxazolopyrrolo2,1-aisoquinolines as single diastereomers. To understand the mechanisms that allow for cyclization of N-acyliminium ion a quantum chemical investigation was performed.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a pervasive type of liver malignant growth and the third-driving reason for disease-related overall mortality with an expanding pervasiveness worldwide. Besides, no ...successful treatment can be utilized on patients with the cutting-edge or metastatic illness. Some of the natural therapeutics are paved the way for developing potential inhibitors for many types of cancer. Ocimum basilicum is one of the most well-known herbs, which contains numerous therapeutic properties and is widely used for various health issues. This study focused on its valuable medicinal property against HCC via in silico approach. Bioactive constituents from O. basilicum is subjected to molecular docking and dynamics study for 100 ns against the HCC targets (FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, and FGFR4), and the selected lead compounds showed better interactions, docking score, obeys Lipinski's rule of five, highest occupied molecular orbital, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital hypothesis, protein-complex stability throughout the simulation period and the pharmacophoric features were analysed. Out of selected seven compounds, Campesterol revealed its potential therapeutic activity (Docking score - FGFR1 − 8.59 Kcal/Mol, FGFR2 − 7.11 Kcal/Mol, FGFR3 − 10.53 Kcal/Mol and FGFR4 − 9.17 Kcal/Mol, respectively. And also, it maintains good stability with the targets without any fluctuations. So, we concluded our findings that Campesterol is considered as, such a promising and potential inhibitor for HCC.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
This paper study the utilization of sulfidated poly (acrylamide-vinyl acetate) (SG), which is previously prepared by the expose of poly (acrylamide-vinyl acetate) copolymer (AG) to H2S gas (15ppm), ...as a new corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic media. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of these inhibitors is detected in carbon steel surface in 1M HCl solution by the weight loss and electrochemical techniques. Untreated and treated steel surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results show that the maximum inhibition efficiency (ηp) by SG inhibitor in 1M HCl solution at 500ppm and 303K was 96.71%. Also, the potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the investigated inhibitors behave as a mixed type inhibitor. Adsorption of these inhibitors on the carbon steel surface was found to obey Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. Both of the computed quantum chemical properties viz., electron affinity (EA), highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (ELUMO), energy gap ΔE=EHOMO–ELUMO, dipole moment (μ), logP and ΔN showed good correlation with experimental inhibition efficiency.
Norway spruce (
) is one of the most important commercial conifer species naturally distributed in Europe. In this paper, the composition and abundance of essential oil and hydrosol from the needles ...and branches of
were investigated with an additional evaluation of changes related to different times of the year, annual shoots and branches, and differences in composition under different microenvironments. Essential oils and hydrosols obtained via hydrodistillation were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), where 246 compounds in essential oil and 53 in hydrosols were identified. The relative amounts of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes in essential oil changed significantly during the year, with the highest peak of monoterpenes observed in April (72%), the highest abundance of sesquiterpenes observed in August (21%), and the highest abundance of diterpenes observed in June (27%). The individual compound with the highest variation was manool, with variation from 1.5% (April) to 18.7% (June). Our results also indicate that the essential oil with the lowest allergenic potential (lowest quantity of limonene and linalool) was obtained in late spring or summer. Location had no significant influence on composition, while the method of collection for distillation (whole branch or annual shoots) had a minor influence on the composition. All nine main compounds identified in the hydrosol samples were oxygenated monoterpenes. The composition of
hydrosol was also significantly affected by season. The method of preparing the branches for distillation did not affect the composition of
hydrosol, while the location had a minor effect on composition.
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