Summary
Hybridization caused by frequent environmental changes can lead both to species diversification (speciation) and to speciation reversal (despeciation), but the latter has rarely been ...demonstrated. Parthenocissus, a genus with its trifoliolate lineage in the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains (HHM) region showing perplexing phylogenetic relationships, provides an opportunity for investigating speciation dynamics based on integrated evidence.
We investigated phylogenetic discordance and reticulate evolution in Parthenocissus based on rigorous analyses of plastome and transcriptome data. We focused on reticulations in the trifoliolate lineage in the HHM region using a population‐level genome resequencing dataset, incorporating evidence from morphology, distribution, and elevation.
Comprehensive analyses confirmed multiple introgressions within Parthenocissus in a robust temporal–spatial framework. Around the HHM region, at least three hybridization hot spots were identified, one of which showed evidence of ongoing speciation reversal.
We present a solid case study using an integrative methodological approach to investigate reticulate evolutionary history and its underlying mechanisms in plants. It demonstrates an example of speciation reversal through frequent hybridizations in the HHM region, which provides new perspectives on speciation dynamics in mountainous areas with strong topographic and environmental heterogeneity.
The presented text reports on the offer of selected courses for Speech Therapists in the Czech Republic. These courses are able to assist Clinical Speech Therapists to support the direction of ...therapy and the therapy itself. All courses are based on the need for comprehensive Speech Therapy and human approach. The article also emphasizes the need for permanent lifelong learning, in view of the changing conditions regarding the development of modern Science and Technology.
Cancer is a prevalent chronic non-transmissible disease; whose risk increases with aging and in some cases with exposure to determinate risk factors. The Functional Assessment at Oncologic ...Rehabilitation Scenario, is an important issue at the comprehensive approach, that is extrapolated from geriatric rehabilitation strategies. In which seeks to know both the functional status of the performance components and the identification of the functional risks derived from the disease and the treatment. The objective is to guide rehabilitation strategies according to the needs, the functional capacity of the patient, their prognosis and stage of the life cycle, along oncological treatment.
To define a reference framework for the functional evaluation of oncological patients, according to their stage of life cycle and the definition of functional risk derived from personal status, oncological disease and their proposed oncologic treatment.
Criteria and guidelines had been developed from literature review and teamwork experience during the last years in a rehabilitation service of a national reference center for cancer in Colombia. As a result, we are building rehabilitation interventions for patients across different stages of the disease (diagnosis, active treatment, palliative treatment, end of life), that have a correspondence with de moment in the cycle of life, the functional risks detected and their functional prognosis and living prognosis.
More than 110 years has passed since the first publications on Chagas disease, and it still urges the necessity of understanding it as a complex socioenvironmental issue in which components of ...diverse nature converge and interact beyond the biomedical and epidemiological aspects. The current scenarios of the issue, both rural and Latin American as urban and global, demand that the education on Chagas disease include all possible contexts: where there are insect vectors and where there are not; inside and outside Latin America; in rural, periurban, and urban areas; in formal and non-formal educational environments. We consider essential the requirement of both an integral approach that overcomes the biomedical aspect to include the multidimensionality of the issue and a dialogical educational perspective that allows individuals and communities to analyze, decide, and lead contextualized prevention and promotion actions regarding their health. In this study, we surveyed, described, and critically analyzed studies approaching the link education-Chagas disease in scientific publications from the last 15 years. We aimed at contributing methodological-theoretical elements to (re)think the development of educational research and experiences that truly help facing this issue. From the electronic search of scientific literature in 6 databases, we found 426 articles, out of which we selected 25. We incorporated 10 articles from other sources to this initial corpus and performed both qualitative and quantitative analyses over the total number 35 to characterize the studied works in general, focusing on the conceptions on the Chagas disease issue and the underlying health education approaches.
•The field of interest is still incipient.•There is supremacy of the biomedical aspects over other dimensions of the issue.•The development of qualitative approximations is not substantive yet.•There are little participative proposals that promote social transformation.
When dealing with Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) simulations, commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) acquires a strategic resonance. Thanks to its good compromise between accuracy of results ...and calculation time, RANS still represents a valid alternative to more resource-demanding methods. However, focusing on the models’ performances in urban studies, LES generally outmatches RANS results, even if the former is at least one order of magnitude more expensive. Consequently, the present work aims to propose a variety of approaches meant to solve some of the major problems linked to RANS simulations and to further improve its accuracy in typical urban contexts. All of these models are capable of switching from an undisturbed flux formulation to a disturbed one through a local deviation or a marker function. For undisturbed flows, a comprehensive approach is adopted, solving the issue of the erroneous stream-wise gradients affecting the turbulent profiles. Around obstacles, Non-Linear Eddy-Viscosity closures are adopted, due to their prominent capability in capturing the anisotropy of turbulence. The purpose of this work is then to propose a new Building Influence Area concept and to offer more affordable alternatives to LES simulations without sacrificing a good grade of accuracy.
•The relevance of using a Building Influence Area for k-ϵ models, both for improvement of results and reduction of computational costs, is demonstrated.•The adoption of a comprehensive turbulence model guaranteeing the avoidance of horizontal inhomogeneity is proposed.•A new Building Influence Area concept based on local deviation from a parallel shear flow is benchmarked.•Different Non-linear Eddy-viscosity closures are employed, investigating the influence of Cμ and of non-linear terms.
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