U radu se definiraju audiovizualne medijske usluge, navodi povijesni razvoj zakonodavstva EU-a i analizira važeći pravni okvir Europske unije vezan uz audiovizualne medijske usluge s posebnim ...naglaskom na Direktivu o audiovizualnim medijskim uslugama i Direktivu „Televizija bez granica“. Također, analiziraju se temeljna načela vezana uz audiovizualne medijske usluge poput načela zemlje podrijetla i slobode primanja usluga, pravila vezana uz oglašavanje, prikriveno oglašavanje i sponzorstvo, analizira se pojam europskoga djela, načela i pravila vezana uz zaštitu maloljetnika, zabranu poticanja i širenja mržnje i diskriminacije te pravila vezana uz pristup uslugama osobama s invaliditetom. Isto tako, rad daje prikaz predmeta relevantne prakse Europskog suda vezane uz audiovizualne medijske usluge.
Uporaba poligrafa u Republici Hrvatskoj primarno je vezano uz predistražni postupak, stadij provođenja redarstvenog izviđa kaznenog djela. S tog polazišta nužno je bilo pravno urediti osnovna pitanja ...glede poligrafskog ispitivanja/testiranja. U članku se analiziraju pravna rješenja u svezi poligrafskog testiranja u Zakonu o kaznenom postupku i Zakonu o policiji. Jedno od temeljnih pitanja pravnog rješavanja ovog predmeta je zaštita prava i slobode čovjeka, posebno s motrišta njegove dobrovoljnosti i slobode volje pri ispitivanju u predkaznenom postupku.
U radu se razmatraju problemi vezani uz naknadu imovinskih šteta od onečišćenja mora naftom. Analizira se postojeća komparativna sudska praksa i ukazuje na najnoviji razvoj na nacionalnoj i ...međunarodnoj razini, s posebnim naglaskom na smjernice CMI-a o priznavanju i procjeni zahtjeva za naknadu štete od onečišćenja naftom.
In this article, the authors analyse the practice of the Lithuanian national courts and the European Court of Human Rights in hate crime cases, provide insights into the synergy between the decisions ...made by these courts, and suggest further improvement actions. This research shows that proving the circumstances surrounding various forms of hatred is quite complex, often lacking a more comprehensive, in-depth definition of the totality of circumstances by taking account of the need for special knowledge, the identification of guilt, and the system and intensity of actions. There is often a divide between criminal liability and the possibility of other countermeasures, especially when examining cases related to hate speech. Court decisions draw attention to the fact that it is necessary to consider the totality of the data collected, not individual data or individual fragments of circumstances. Among other things, the decisions emphasize the
principle: whether criminal liability is an adequate measure in cases of hate speech. The topical issues examined in the article draw attention to the collection of significant data and the organization of investigations of these crimes, issues relating to proof and the emerging practice of the European Court of Human Rights and the Supreme Court of the Republic of Lithuania in this category of cases, highlighting the two main problematic aspects: first, the determination of the totality of objective and subjective features and second, the fact of identifying a real threat.
Purpose:
The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of state laws on domestic violence protection orders (DVPO) for teen dating violence. DVPOs are one legal remedy that is available to ...victims of intimate partner violence to reduce the potential risk of future violence. However, minors are often prohibited from filing a DVPO on their own due to statutory requirements.
Method:
Using multiple resources and a Westlaw search, we developed a list of state laws pertaining to the statutory requirements for DVPOs for partner-abused minors. We detailed the content of each state’s laws and specific requirements, including self-petitioning, eligible age, dating relationship, and stalking. Additionally, we explored how statutes were interpreted by judicial and non-judicial branches of the governments and nonprofit victim service organizations, and searched other statutory provisions for states where the state statute on the DVPO eligibility for teen dating violence was unclear.
Findings:
Our findings indicate that state statutes vary in terms of whether minors can be granted DVPOs, whether they can self-petition without a guardian, whether a non-sexual romantic relationship is covered, and whether stalking is covered. Additionally, a variety of courts’ practices and governmental opinions pertaining to protection remedies for child abuse, sexual violence, harassment, or stalking and other statutory provisions other than DVPOs was found.
Discussion:
This research discusses the importance of more inclusive statutory revisions in each state, and the need to secure greater information accessibility to eligibility requirements, instructions, and procedures for obtaining a DVPO for minors.
Research and national data illustrate that female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) are more likely to be killed if their abuser has access to a firearm (Campbell et al.
Trauma, Violence & ...Abuse, 8
(3), 246–69,
2007
; Gwinn
Evaluation Review, 30
(3), 237–44,
2006
; Sorenson
Evaluation Review 30
, 361,
2006
). A crucial part of protecting victims lies with the state’s ability to successfully track and remove firearms from Civil Protection Orders (CPO). While recent research on the court’s responses to firearms and IPV is robust (Fleury-Steiner et al.
Violence Against Women
, 1-12,
2016
; Stockl et al.
Lancet, 382
, 859–865.
2013
; Logan and Walker
Violence and Victims, 25
, 332–348,
2010
), there is a notable lack of practitioner voices within the academic dialogue focusing on concrete responses to firearms within IPV. The author uses their experience as an administrator within Delaware Family Court and their experience as a researcher to focus research into informed practices that will result in better court compliance with the firearms ban. The current paper outlines concrete practices followed by Delaware Family Court to address the firearms ban and lists considerations for other jurisdictions to engage with as they begin to improve their processes. The current paper aims to center practitioner experiences into the conversation to not only add to current academic research, but to provide other courts and legal practitioners with concrete practices that they can bring to their jurisdictions.
The call for court reform remains critical in the face of the growing complexity of burgeoning family law cases nationwide. Many states have restructured their court systems using the unified family ...court model, resolving legal, personal, emotional, and social disputes with the aim of improving the well‐being of families and children. Other states utilize the traditional approach, resulting in cases being handled in a fragmented, time‐consuming and expensive manner. In this article, Professor Barbara A. Babb presents the results of her nationwide survey regarding how each state handles family law matters. The survey is a follow‐up to her comprehensive 1998 survey and her 2002 survey update. The results of the recent analysis reveal that a total of thirty‐eight states now have either statewide family courts, family courts in selected areas of the state, or pilot or planned family courts, representing seventy‐five percent of states. The number of states without a specialized or separate system to handle family law matters has decreased from seventeen states in 1998 to thirteen in 2006. These changes are significant when one considers the complexities involved in court reform. The need for court reform remains an urgent one, as family law cases occupy a significant percentage of court dockets across the country. Families and children deserve a court system where justice is effective and efficient and where their legal, personal, emotional, and social needs are resolved in a therapeutic and holistic manner.
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