Tunneled planing hull is a special design of high-speed craft, which can reduce the frictional resistance to achieve higher velocities in high speeds. But, at lower speeds tunnels may lead to ...increase hull resistance. Therefore, tunneled planing hull design is an important issue which should be conducted with full prior information. In this study, a tunneled planing hull has numerically been studied in details using Star-CCM+ software. These simulations are based on Finite Volume Method (FVM) solution of Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations (RANSE). Also, Volume of Fluid (VOF) method has been employed to obtain free surface variations, accurately. Morphing mesh approach has also been implemented to be able to simulate tunneled planing hull in two degrees of freedom in heave and pitch directions. Presented numerical setup has been validated by comparison of computed trim angle and hull resistant against the experimental results which have been presented by previous researchers. Afterwards, various physical phenomena around the considered tunneled planing hull as well as different physical parameters such as skin friction distribution, details of wetted surface area (total wetted surface, tunnel wetted surface, spray angle, keel and chain wetted length), shear and pressure drag, pressure distribution, wake pattern, and stream lines have been discussed, thoroughly. In this paper a new parameter as tunneled efficiency has been introduced based on obtained results. Tunnel efficiency shows appropriate speed range of planing hulls for using tunnel advantages in drag reduction. Presented results help designers to find new insight about the hydrodynamics of tunneled planing hulls.
Path planning is one of the key technologies in the research of autonomous surface vessels (ASVs). In this paper, an improved artificial fish swarm algorithm (IAFSA) is proposed. The algorithm is ...modified from four perspectives: (1) A directional operator is introduced to improve the efficiency. (2) To avoid local optimum, a probability weight factor is proposed to adjust the frequency of executing random behaviour. (3) An adaptive operator has been applied aims at better convergence performance. (4) The waypoint modifying path smoother is used to improve the path quality. A comparative study has been carried out between IAFSA and the other state-of-the-art algorithms, and the results indicate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the others in both efficiency and path quality. Finally, IAFSA is integrated into the GNC system in a model ship. A computer-based sea trial around the Nan Hai area has been conducted, and environmental disturbances including wind, waves, and currents are considered. The results have shown that IAFSA is suitable for practical application.
•Higher levels of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was found for SS beer.•Wide variations of pyridoxine and fermentable sugars content was found.•For regular beer, folate content was ...statistically higher in SS beer.•Amines exceeded 10 mg/l in only 8.7% of samples.•330 mL/day of beer contribute to 5.6% of the requirements of folates.
The determination of targeted healthy compounds in the most popular small and large-scale brewed beer sold in Italy was carried out. Nitrogen compounds, fermentable sugars, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, β-glucans, pyridoxine, folates and silicon were quantified. Further, amine content was determined since raw materials and brewing technology can affect their level. Significantly higher values for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, nitrogen, folate and putrescine content were found for small scale beers. However, the statistical results were affected by the different beer styles in the small scale and large scale brewed beer groups, since the content of these components can vary between beer styles. Positive Pearson correlation was found between total phenolic content and EBC colour. Wide variations in pyridoxine, β-glucans and fermentable sugars levels were observed both for small and large scale beers, while average silicon content of two groups was similar.
Objective: The search for market expansion challenges Brazilian craft breweries. Based on coopetition strategies, many join in seeking to overcome these challenges. The challenge for gypsy breweries ...is even more significant, as they must produce beer in a non-gypsy brewery. Some tensions emerge from this relationship, such as space availability and costs. Methods: From the actor-network theory, we analyze the relationship between gypsy and non-gypsy breweries, deepening the analysis of their tensions. Based on a case study with craft breweries in Rio de Janeiro State. Results: As the results highlighted, the tension between them starts at a level not mentioned in the literature on coopetition. Conclusions: This extension expands the existing literature on coopetition by highlighting the influence of nonhuman elements (e.g., factory, resources, equipment, and operations) in shaping inter-organizational relationships, with the factory being the main generator of this tension. The study offers insights into how actors (human and nonhuman) navigate, interact, and negotiate tensions to achieve mutual goals. By applying ANT to analyze coopetition dynamics, the study contributes to the theoretical framework by demonstrating how this approach can enhance understanding of complex mechanisms, processes, and relationships through which coopetition dynamics unfold in practice.
The research offers a case study of the development of local craft beer culture as an interconnection between craftsmanship, knowledge, creativity, as well as the interconnection of history, culture ...and geography of the space. The article focusses on the actors and processes leading to the development and spread of craft beer culture in the second largest city in Bulgaria - Plovdiv. The role that craft beer bars and festivals play in the co-construction of urban spaces, bring to focus a particular neighbourhood. The re-vitalisation of Kapana (The Trap) district is used as an example of the significant role creative business and industries have in the re-contextualisation and reuse of urban space. This paper follows the crucial role that craft beer bars and festivals, as creative industries, play in not only the development of the craft beer culture in Plovdiv but also for urban development and destination branding.
The COVID-19 lockdown situation has raised important socio-economic issues within the craft industry in India. This paper specifically proposes to discuss to what extent the pandemic has strengthened ...the use of digital platforms and accelerated certain reconfiguration processes within the craft industry. E-commerce platforms have been recently investing in this sector, from local entrepreneurs’ initiatives and governmental interventions to large e-commerce platforms (Amazon, Flipkart etc.). The idea is to examine the adaptation of work dynamics in a largely informal and precarious sector, the changes in terms of platform strategies, and the way in which the pandemic may have reinforced processes of dependency on certain digital players. Based on the case of the craft industry in India’s North-East region, this paper will rely on qualitative methodology associating document analysis and fieldwork conducted before the lockdown in February 2020 in Assam, and followed by online interviews conducted after several months of lockdown.
Schooner Heda was constructed in the bay of Heda at the end of Tokugawa Shogunate. There are many evidence showing this construction and Schooner Heda was authorized as one of Ship Heritages of ...Japan. Concerning to this ship there are drawings of body plan and profile, but there is no sign that this is the drawings of the ship Heda. In this paper, the author tris to show those drawings are that of the ship Heda, comparing with similar ship called as Schooner Kimisawa.
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