The world is in need of food, water, Shelter and without any of these there is no possibility to live. Agriculture is backbone of our nation which indeed supplies food for the entire people but the ...producers of food are facing many problems like moisture content, fertility of soil which affects the farming. Because of this reason cultivation and production of food grains are decreased. Current scenario is that the farmers need to go research center to test the fertility content of soil and to predict kind of plants can be cultivable in that land. In this paper perfect cultivable plants can be detected properly without approaching soil research centers which consumes more money as well time. By the application of pH sensors the fertility of soil can be measured. By measuring the pH soil nutrient content can be measured and so the suitable cultivable crop for different soil varieties can be predicted. In this view to give a healthful support to farmers, soil nutrients are analyzed and report the requirement using advanced sensors.
•New descriptors (quality coefficient, cultivar efficiency) were introduced to globally assess yield and quality of seven linseed varieties.•According to oil unsaturation degree, linseed cultivars ...were classified into three groups.•Rainfall in late May–June is a key factor for obtaining improved cultivar efficiencies.•High temperatures and low amounts of rainfall in July and August are beneficial.
In order to meet the linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) oil growing demand it is necessary to understand the factors that influence the oil productivity. Among these factors, weather conditions (temperature and rainfall regime) may have an important effect on the development of the linseed plant in different growth stages and eventually on the oil productivity, in the context of a rational water use in drought susceptible agricultural areas. The aim of this study was to establish the influence of weather conditions on linseed oil yield and quality through an extensive field study carried on seven Romanian linseed cultivars grown in the South-Eastern agricultural area of Romania. Nine consecutive crops were analyzed in terms of seed production, seed oil content, oil production, fatty acids profile and iodine index. In order to have a global perspective on the oil production (both quantitatively and qualitatively), two new descriptors (quality coefficient and cultivar efficiency) were defined and computed. Linseed cultivars were classified according to the oil unsaturation degree by means of Principal Component and Linear Discriminant Analysis techniques. The influence of the weather conditions on the linseed crop was analyzed on the basis of a multivariate regression equation correlating cultivar efficiencies with temperatures and rainfall levels (globally expressed as Sielianinov hydrothermal coefficients) within each oil unsaturation group. Based on the results, the May–June period was found critical for the linseed development, because of the accelerated plant growth both in terms of height and branching; during this period, rainfalls are a key factor for obtaining good crops. On the contrary, pronounced drought during May–June may compromise the crop, therefore irrigation is recommended. Irrigation is not necessary during July–August since high temperatures and low levels of precipitations were found beneficial for obtaining good linseed productivities.
Agriculture is an important sector that plays an essential role in the economic development of a country. Each year farmers face numerous challenges in producing good quality crops. One of the major ...reasons behind the failure of the harvest is the use of unscientific agricultural practices. Moreover, every year enormous crop loss is encountered either by pests, specific diseases, or natural disasters. It raises a strong concern to employ sustainable advanced technologies to address agriculture-related issues. In this article, a sustainable real-time crop disease detection and prevention system, called CROPCARE, is proposed. The system integrates mobile vision, Internet of Things (IoT), and Google Cloud services for sustainable growth of crops. The primary function of the proposed intelligent system is to detect crop diseases through the CROPCARE-mobile application. It uses the superresolution convolution network (SRCNN) and the pretrained model MobileNet-V2 to generate a decision model trained over various diseases. To maintain sustainability, the mobile app is integrated with IoT sensors and Google Cloud services. The proposed system also provides recommendations that help farmers know about current soil conditions, weather conditions, disease prevention methods, etc. It supports both Hindi and English dictionaries for the convenience of the farmers. The proposed approach is validated by using the PlantVillage data set. The obtained results confirm the performance strength of the proposed system.
An important task in precision agriculture is to monitor the growth conditions of the crop plants. Compared to traditional monitoring techniques based on remote sensing from aircraft or satellite, ...ground-based computer vision techniques offer the advantage of allowing crop analysis on single plant scale. This article investigates the potential of using area-based binocular stereo vision for three-dimensional (3-D) analysis of single plants and estimation of geometric attributes such as height and total leaf area. During the stereo matching process, multiple candidates for pixel-to-pixel correspondences are found, and as a novel approach, the use of the simulated annealing (SA) method is proposed in order to find the best candidate, taking neighboring pixels into consideration. Under laboratory conditions, tests have been conducted on 10 young wheat plants. The results show that plant height and leaf area can be estimated by means of the proposed method. Using proper parameter settings, the use of simulated annealing improves the estimation considerably.
The paper presents the results of a study performed during the Project Work Activity by students of the second edition of the International Master Course in SpacE Exploration and Development Systems ...(SEEDS).
The study focused on the design of a Permanent Human mOon Exploration BasE (PHOEBE) located in the Moon South Pole region and its supporting infrastructures. Among all the Moon base building blocks identified and studied, the paper analyzes the impact of a greenhouse, denominated Food And Revitalization Module (FARM), over the feasibility of the human Moon settlement, considering PHOEBE lifetime of 20 years.
The objective of the FARM project has been to design a plant growth chamber module to be integrated in a bio-regenerative life support system for PHOEBE and to evaluate the impact of various bio-regenerative system concepts with respect to a typical physico-chemical ECLS system. The design process began with a system analysis, essentially devoted to the study of the required functionalities of the system. A crop analysis has been performed to analyze the plant performances and from these results, different options of diet/crop combinations have been evaluated, starting from a greenhouse able to fulfill almost 100% of all the nutritional needs of the crew, and scaling down to less than 50% of the needs, with food integrations from Earth. The most impacting subsystems have been studied and a possible configuration (both internally and externally) has been designed.
The results of the trade-off, based on an Equivalent System Mass approach, showed that after 11 years one greenhouse with cultivation area of 538
m
2 and cultivation volume of 222
m
3 was adequate for the diet of 18 astronauts on the permanent Moon base, based on 84% of vegetarian food produced on the base and a remaining 16% of food re-supplied from Earth.
A gas chromatographic (GC) method was developed to determine residues of captan, folpet, captafol, and chlorothalonil, known as broad-spectrum protective fungicides for the official purpose. All the ...fungicide residues were extracted with acetone containing 3% phosphoric acid from representative samples of five agricultural products which comprised rice, soybean, apple, pepper, and cabbage. The extract was diluted with saline, and dichloromethane partition was followed to recover the fungicides from the aqueous phase. Florisil column chromatography was additionally employed for final cleanup of the extracts. The analytes were then determined by gas chromatography using a DB-1 capillary column with electron capture detection. Reproducibility in quantitation was largely enhanced by minimization of adsorption or thermal degradation of analytes during GLC analysis. Mean recoveries generated from each crop sample fortified at two levels in triplicate ranged from 89.0~113.7%. Relative standard deviations (RSD) were all less than 10%, irrespective sample types and fortification levels. As no interference was found in any samples, limit of quantitation (LOQ) was estimated to be 0.008 mg/kg for the analytes except showing higher sensitivity of 0.002 mg/kg for chlorothalonil. GC/Mass spectrometric method using selected-ion monitoring technique was also provided to confirm the suspected residues. The proposed method was reproducible and sensitive enough to determine the residues of captan, folpet, captafol, and chlorothalonil in agricultural commodities for routine analysis.
A gas chromatographic (GC) method was developed to determine residues of captan, folpet, captafol, and chlorothalonil, known as broad-spectrum protective fungicides for the official purpose. All the ...fungicide residues were extracted with acetone containing 3% phosphoric acid from representative samples of five agricultural products which comprised rice, soybean, apple, pepper, and cabbage. The extract was diluted with saline, and dichloromethane partition was followed to recover the fungicides from the aqueous phase. Florisil column chromatography was additionally employed for final cleanup of the extracts. The analytes were then determined by gas chromatography using a DB-1 capillary column with electron capture detection. Reproducibility in quantitation was largely enhanced by minimization of adsorption or thermal degradation of analytes during GLC analysis. Mean recoveries generated from each crop sample fortified at two levels in triplicate ranged from 89.0~113.7%. Relative standard deviations (RSD) were all less than 10%, irrespective sample types and fortification levels. As no interference was found in any samples, limit of quantitation (LOQ) was estimated to be 0.008 mg/kg for the analytes except showing higher sensitivity of 0.002 mg/kg for chlorothalonil. GC/Mass spectrometric method using selected-ion monitoring technique was also provided to confirm the suspected residues. The proposed method was reproducible and sensitive enough to determine the residues of captan, folpet, captafol, and chlorothalonil in agricultural commodities for routine analysis.
Crop Analysis through Growth Survey after Wintering of Winter Annual Forages Grown from 2014 to 2015 Kim, Y.J., National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; Kim, W.H., National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; Lee, S.H., National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Republic of Korea ...
Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science,
20/Dec , Letnik:
35, Številka:
4
Journal Article
In order to identify the causes of various problems related to forage crop growth, such as winter survival, coldness, rainfall, drought etc., and to provide basic data for the stable production and ...supply of forage year round, we performed a growth survey after the wintering of winter forage crops grown from mid-Sep. 2014 to late-Feb. 2015. The growth of winter forage crops after wintering in the country was generally bad. As shown in the regional distribution in the country, regions with 80% or higher winter survival rates comprised 66%, regions with 79 to 50% winter survival comprised 24.9% and regions with less than 50% winter survival comprised 9.1%. In conclusion, the average winter survival rate was 79% in the country. Winter survival rate and coverage rate after the wintering of winter forage crops under installed drain channels in paddy fields were good at 83% and 80%, respectively. However, the rates without installed drain channels were bad at 67% and 66%, respectively. It was predicted that the crop production of winter forage crops was reduced by 10-15% in Gangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Gyeongnam and Jeonnam regions, reduced by 30% in Gyeonggi, Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk regions and reduced overall by approximately 19% nationwide.
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